Alert archive / Texas / Tornado Warnings in 2015

Tornado Warning 22, NWS Houston/Galveston, TX

May 25, 2015Brazos County, Grimes County, Texas

NWS Houston/Galveston, TX issued this tornado warning at May 25, 2015, 6:28 PM CDT for Brazos County, Grimes County, Texas. It was in force for 32 min. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued: May 25, 2015, 6:28 PM CDT (23:28 UTC)
Expired: May 25, 2015, 7:00 PM CDT
In force: 32 min
Issued by: NWS Houston/Galveston, TX
Area: Storm-based polygon

Counties Brazos County, TX, Grimes County, TX

The radar

The Ft Hood radar (KGRK), 113 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 23:29 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

Did it verify

Not verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow found no qualifying storm report inside this tornado warning while it was in force. That is not proof nothing happened: reports are thin where few people live.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The watch it was issued in

The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.

Issued	Product	Office	Lasted
May 25, 2:52 PM CDT	Tornado Watch	SPC	8 hr

The nearest sounding before it

Fort Worth, TX (KFWD), launched 12:00Z, 11.5 hours before the alert went out and 281 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-p

Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.

Hodograph

The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.

Mixed-layer CAPE: 1630 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN: -73 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL: 663 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear: 34 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity: 164 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity: 75 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter: 0.7
Supercell composite: 7.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

904 
WFUS54 KHGX 252328
TORHGX
TXC041-185-260000-
/O.NEW.KHGX.TO.W.0022.150525T2328Z-150526T0000Z/

BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
TORNADO WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HOUSTON/GALVESTON TX
628 PM CDT MON MAY 25 2015

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN LEAGUE CITY  HAS ISSUED A

* TORNADO WARNING FOR...
  SOUTHEASTERN BRAZOS COUNTY IN SOUTHEASTERN TEXAS...
  WEST CENTRAL GRIMES COUNTY IN SOUTHEASTERN TEXAS...

* UNTIL 700 PM CDT
    
* AT 628 PM CDT...DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM
  CAPABLE OF PRODUCING A TORNADO. THIS DANGEROUS STORM WAS LOCATED
  NEAR MILLICAN...OR 9 MILES WEST OF NAVASOTA...AND MOVING NORTHEAST
  AT 50 MPH.

* LOCATIONS IMPACTED INCLUDE...
  SOUTHEASTERN COLLEGE STATION...MILLICAN AND CARLOS. 

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

TAKE COVER NOW. MOVE TO A BASEMENT OR AN INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST
FLOOR OF A STURDY BUILDING. AVOID WINDOWS. IF YOU ARE IN A MOBILE
HOME OR OUTDOORS...MOVE TO THE CLOSEST SUBSTANTIAL SHELTER AND
PROTECT YOURSELF FROM FLYING DEBRIS.

&&

LAT...LON 3076 9620 3063 9590 3039 9618 3040 9620
      3037 9621 3037 9624 3040 9631 3040 9630
      3041 9630 3041 9627 3042 9628 3042 9629
      3043 9628 3045 9628 3045 9630 3046 9631
TIME...MOT...LOC 2328Z 206DEG 45KT 3042 9625 

$$

39

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Houston/Galveston, TX wrote its last area forecast discussion before this tornado warning went out at May 25, 3:59 PM CDT, 2 hours 29 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, May 25, 3:59 PM CDT, 2 hours 29 minutes before

AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HOUSTON/GALVESTON TX
359 PM CDT MON MAY 25 2015

.DISCUSSION...
SHORTWAVE MOVING ACROSS NORTH TEXAS THIS AFTERNOON HAS GENERATED
FAST MOVING LINE OF TSTMS ALONG W/ SOME SUPERCELLS. TRAILING
THUNDERSTORMS EXTEND SOUTHWARD INTO THE HILL COUNTRY AND ARE BEING
FED BY 30-35KT LLJ FROM THE GULF ALONG W/ EVIDENT DIVERGENT FLOW
ALOFT.

THESE STORMS SHOULD TRACK EASTWARD INTO PARTS OF SOUTHEAST TEXAS
THIS EVENING AND OVERNIGHT. DUE TO THE TRAINING NATURE...AREAS OF
HEAVY RAINFALL CAN BE EXPECTED AND FF WATCH WAS EXTENDED UNTIL
MIDNIGHT. IT APPEARS THE HIGHEST AMOUNTS WILL LIKELY BE ALONG AND
NORTH OF INTERSTATE 10 WHERE 1 TO 3 INCHES MAY BE OBSERVED...WITH
LOCALIZED HIGHER AMOUNTS. ALTHOUGH THERE IS CONSIDERABLE
UNCERTAINTY...LOCATIONS FURTHER SOUTH SHOULD SEE LESS
ACCUMULATIONS. HOWEVER THE POSSIBILITY OF FLASH FLOODING STILL
EXISTS SHOULD LOCALIZED HEAVY AMOUNTS OCCUR...THEREFORE THAT
REGION WILL ALSO REMAIN IN THE WATCH. AS MENTIONED ABOVE...SEVERE
THREAT REMAINS W/ TORNADOS & WIND DAMAGE PRIMARY THREATS.

BEST DIVERGENCE MOVES OFF TO THE EAST TOWARD MIDNIGHT AND WOULD
ANTICIPATE GENERAL INTENSITY TO INCREASE. AS PRIMARY SHORTWAVE AND
FORCING MOVES OFF INTO OK/ARKANSAS THERE IS SOME CONCERN THE
SOUTHERN PORTION OF THE CONVECTION OVER US WILL SLOW DOWN...LEAVING
A BOUNDARY FOR LINGERING PRECIP OVERNIGHT AND/OR BOUNDARY TO WORK
OFF OF TOMORROW. WE'RE GOING TO JUST HAVE TO WAIT AND SEE HOW
THINGS PLAY OUT AS THERE CONTINUES TO BE DIFFERING MODEL SOLNS -
AND MESOSCALE PROCESSES MIGHT COME INTO PLAY.

WITH THE EXCEPTION OF THE POTENTIAL LINGERING BOUNDARY, ETC FOR
TUE...WE SHOULD SEE PW VALUES DIMINISH BACK INTO THE 1.5-1.7"
RANGE AND SLIGHT MID LEVEL RIDGING BEGIN TAKING SHAPE OVER THE NW
GULF FOR THE REST OF THE WORK WEEK. THIS SHOULDN'T COMPLETELY
SHUTOFF PRECIP CHANCES...BUT SHIFT THEM INTO MORE OF THE USUAL
DIURNAL SCT AFTN/EVNG VARIETY. STILL ANTICIPATE RIDGE TO BE
SUPPRESSED GOING INTO THE WEEKEND AS NEXT WRN TROF MOVES INTO THE
PLAINS. 47

&&

.MARINE...
MODERATE TO STRONG ONSHORE WINDS WILL PERSIST THROUGH THIS EVENING
OVER THE BAYS AND NEARSHORE WATERS AS A STRONG STORM SYSTEM MOVES
ACROSS SOUTHEAST TEXAS. ALTHOUGH THE MAIN IMPACT OF THE SYSTEM WILL
BE OVER THE INLAND AREAS...THERE IS A CHANCE FOR ISOLATED STRONG OR
SEVERE STORMS THROUGH MID EVENING TONIGHT. FROM THERE THE WINDS WILL
GRADUALLY DIMINISH BEGINNING OVERNIGHT TONIGHT AND TUESDAY. THERE
ARE STILL SOME CONCERNS FOR MINOR FLOODING DURING THE TIME OF HIGH
TIDE ALONG THE GULF FACING BEACHES OF THE BOLIVAR PENINSULA LATER
TONIGHT AND TUESDAY MORNING. THE TIDE LEVELS ARE THEN EXPECTED TO
SLOWLY DIMINISH TO NEAR NORMAL DURING THE MID WEEK PERIOD.

&&

.PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS...
COLLEGE STATION (CLL)      71  87  73  87  72 /  80  20  20  30  20
HOUSTON (IAH)              72  88  73  88  74 /  70  40  20  30  10
GALVESTON (GLS)            78  85  77  86  78 /  50  20  20  20  10

&&

.HGX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
TX...FLASH FLOOD WATCH UNTIL MIDNIGHT CDT TONIGHT FOR THE FOLLOWING
     ZONES: AUSTIN...BRAZORIA...BRAZOS...BURLESON...CHAMBERS...
     COLORADO...FORT BEND...GALVESTON...GRIMES...HARRIS...
     HOUSTON...JACKSON...LIBERTY...MADISON...MATAGORDA...
     MONTGOMERY...POLK...SAN JACINTO...TRINITY...WALKER...
     WALLER...WASHINGTON...WHARTON.

     HIGH RIP CURRENT RISK UNTIL 9 PM CDT THIS EVENING FOR THE
     FOLLOWING ZONES: BRAZORIA...CHAMBERS...GALVESTON...
     MATAGORDA.

GM...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY UNTIL MIDNIGHT CDT TONIGHT FOR THE
     FOLLOWING ZONES: MATAGORDA BAY...WATERS FROM FREEPORT TO
     THE MATAGORDA SHIP CHANNEL OUT 20 NM...WATERS FROM HIGH
     ISLAND TO FREEPORT OUT 20 NM.

     SMALL CRAFT SHOULD EXERCISE CAUTION UNTIL MIDNIGHT CDT TONIGHT
     FOR THE FOLLOWING ZONES: GALVESTON BAY.

     SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY UNTIL 7 AM CDT TUESDAY FOR THE FOLLOWING
     ZONES: WATERS FROM FREEPORT TO THE MATAGORDA SHIP CHANNEL
     20 NM TO 60 NM...WATERS FROM HIGH ISLAND TO FREEPORT 20 TO
     60 NM.

&&

Hazardous weather outlook, May 25, 4:13 PM CDT, 2 hours 15 minutes before

HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HOUSTON/GALVESTON TX
413 PM CDT MON MAY 25 2015

TXZ163-164-176>179-195>200-210>214-226-227-235>238-262115-
AUSTIN-BRAZORIA-BRAZOS-BURLESON-CHAMBERS-COLORADO-FORT BEND-
GALVESTON-GRIMES-HARRIS-HOUSTON-JACKSON-LIBERTY-MADISON-MATAGORDA-
MONTGOMERY-POLK-SAN JACINTO-TRINITY-WALKER-WALLER-WASHINGTON-
WHARTON-
413 PM CDT MON MAY 25 2015

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF SOUTHEAST TEXAS.

.DAY ONE...TONIGHT

SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE MOVING INTO THE REGION FROM THE
HILL COUNTRY THIS EVENING. HEAVY RAIN AND SEVERE WEATHER ARE BOTH
POSSIBLE. THE BETTER CHANCES OF BOTH WILL LIKELY BE ALONG AND
NORTH OF INTERSTATE 10...ALTHOUGH CANNOT BE DISCOUNTED FURTHER TO
THE SOUTH. RAINFALL ACCUMULATIONS BETWEEN 1 AND 3 INCHES WITH
LOCALIZED HIGHER AMOUNTS ARE POSSIBLE. A FLASH FLOOD WATCH IS IN
EFFECT FOR ALL OF SOUTHEAST TEXAS. REGARDING SEVERE WEATHER...WIND
DAMAGE AND TORNADOES WILL BOTH BE THREATS.

AT THE BEACH...HIGH RISK OF RIP CURRENTS AND ABOVE NORMAL SURF
HEIGHTS CONTINUE THIS EVENING. SWIM NEAR A LIFEGUARD.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...TUESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY

THUNDERSTORM CHANCES WILL CONTINUE ACROSS THE REGION TUESDAY
THROUGH SUNDAY...BUT WILL PROBABLY BE MORE SCATTERED IN NATURE.
RAIN CHANCES INCREASE ONCE AGAIN OVER THE WEEKEND AS THE NEXT STORM
SYSTEM MOVES INTO THE PLAINS.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SPOTTER ACTIVATION IS REQUESTED. PLEASE SEND REPORT OF SEVERE
WEATHER AND FLASH FLOODING VIA TWITTER OR FACEBOOK AT NWSHOUSTON.

GMZ330-335-350-355-370-375-262115-
GALVESTON BAY-MATAGORDA BAY-
WATERS FROM FREEPORT TO THE MATAGORDA SHIP CHANNEL 20 NM TO 60 NM-
WATERS FROM FREEPORT TO THE MATAGORDA SHIP CHANNEL OUT 20 NM-
WATERS FROM HIGH ISLAND TO FREEPORT 20 TO 60 NM-
WATERS FROM HIGH ISLAND TO FREEPORT OUT 20 NM-
413 PM CDT MON MAY 25 2015

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF SOUTHEAST TEXAS.

.DAY ONE...TONIGHT

A SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IS IN EFFECT FOR ELEVATED WINDS AND SEAS.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...TUESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY

SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY WILL REMAIN IN EFFECT INTO TUESDAY. WINDS
AND SEAS HIGHER IN AND NEAR STORMS INTO EARLY NEXT WEEK.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SPOTTER ACTIVATION IS NOT ANTICIPATED.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, May 25, 1:19 PM CDT, 5 hours 9 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HOUSTON/GALVESTON TX
119 PM CDT MON MAY 25 2015

TXZ195>197-251915-
BURLESON TX-WASHINGTON TX-BRAZOS TX-
119 PM CDT MON MAY 25 2015

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY FOR BURLESON...WESTERN WASHINGTON AND
NORTHWESTERN BRAZOS COUNTIES UNTIL 215 PM CDT...

AT 117 PM CDT...DOPPLER RADAR WAS TRACKING A STRONG THUNDERSTORM
NEAR BURTON...OR 7 MILES WEST OF BRENHAM...MOVING NORTH AT 35 MPH.
THERE ARE ADDITIONAL CELLS WITHIN THE ADVISORY PULSING UP AS WELL.

WINDS IN EXCESS OF 40 MPH WILL BE POSSIBLE WITH THIS STORM.
REMEMBER...THE GROUND IS MOIST AND TREES WILL BE MORE PRONE TO FALL
WITH MODERATE TO STRONG WINDS.

LOCATIONS IMPACTED INCLUDE...
WESTERN BRYAN...CALDWELL...SOMERVILLE...SNOOK...BURTON...LAKE
SOMERVILLE DAM...DEANVILLE...CHRIESMAN...QUARRY AND LYONS.

LAT...LON 3073 9662 3073 9660 3070 9656 3074 9646
      3088 9637 3009 9643 3010 9663 3013 9665
      3015 9665 3016 9667 3025 9672 3025 9669
      3030 9664 3030 9667 3032 9669 3033 9675
      3059 9690
TIME...MOT...LOC 1817Z 176DEG 31KT 3018 9653

Special weather statement, May 25, 2:28 PM CDT, 4 hours before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HOUSTON/GALVESTON TX
228 PM CDT MON MAY 25 2015

TXZ163-252000-
HOUSTON TX-
228 PM CDT MON MAY 25 2015

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY FOR NORTHWESTERN HOUSTON COUNTY UNTIL
300 PM CDT...

AT 227 PM CDT...DOPPLER RADAR WAS TRACKING A LINE OF STRONG
THUNDERSTORMS ALONG A LINE EXTENDING FROM 8 MILES EAST OF LATEXO TO
AUSTONIO...AND MOVING NORTH AT 35 MPH.

WIND GUSTS UP TO 50 MPH WILL BE POSSIBLE WITH THESE STORMS.

LOCATIONS IMPACTED INCLUDE...
CROCKETT...AUSTONIO...GRAPELAND...LATEXO...AND HOUSTON COUNTY LAKE.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

FREQUENT CLOUD TO GROUND LIGHTNING IS OCCURRING WITH THESE STORMS.
LIGHTNING CAN STRIKE 15 MILES AWAY FROM A THUNDERSTORM. SEEK A SAFE
SHELTER INSIDE A BUILDING OR VEHICLE.

THESE STORMS MAY INTENSIFY...SO BE CERTAIN TO MONITOR LOCAL RADIO AND
TV STATIONS...AS WELL AS LOCAL CABLE TV OUTLETS...FOR ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION AND POSSIBLE WARNINGS FROM THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE.

&&

LAT...LON 3157 9524 3138 9527 3113 9564 3114 9573
      3122 9574 3123 9573 3127 9573 3130 9570
      3129 9567 3134 9566 3136 9566 3140 9570
      3145 9571 3146 9575 3147 9572 3151 9574
      3152 9565 3154 9565 3158 9540 3159 9528
TIME...MOT...LOC 1927Z 180DEG 32KT 3142 9534 3120 9565

40

Special weather statement, May 25, 4:37 PM CDT, 1 hour 51 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HOUSTON/GALVESTON TX
437 PM CDT MON MAY 25 2015

TXZ163-176-196-252245-
MADISON TX-HOUSTON TX-BRAZOS TX-
437 PM CDT MON MAY 25 2015

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY FOR HOUSTON...NORTHWESTERN MADISON
AND NORTH CENTRAL BRAZOS COUNTIES UNTIL 545 PM CDT...

AT 435 PM CDT...DOPPLER RADAR WAS TRACKING A STRONG THUNDERSTORM
NEAR FRANKLIN...OR 10 MILES NORTH OF HEARNE...MOVING EAST-NORTHEAST
AT 50 MPH.

WIND GUSTS UP TO 60 MPH WILL BE POSSIBLE WITH THIS STORM.

LOCATIONS IMPACTED INCLUDE...
CROCKETT...AUSTONIO...GRAPELAND...LATEXO...NORMANGEE...WECHES...AND
HOUSTON COUNTY LAKE.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

FREQUENT CLOUD TO GROUND LIGHTNING IS OCCURRING WITH THIS STORM.
LIGHTNING CAN STRIKE 15 MILES AWAY FROM A THUNDERSTORM. SEEK A SAFE
SHELTER INSIDE A BUILDING OR VEHICLE.

THIS STORM MAY INTENSIFY...SO BE CERTAIN TO MONITOR LOCAL RADIO AND
TV STATIONS...AS WELL AS LOCAL CABLE TV OUTLETS...FOR ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION AND POSSIBLE WARNINGS FROM THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE.

TO REPORT SEVERE WEATHER...CONTACT YOUR NEAREST LAW ENFORCEMENT
AGENCY. THEY WILL RELAY YOUR REPORT TO THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
OFFICE IN LEAGUE CITY .

IF ON OR NEAR HOUSTON COUNTY LAKE...GET OUT OF THE WATER AND MOVE
INDOORS OR INSIDE A VEHICLE. REMEMBER...LIGHTNING CAN STRIKE OUT TO
15 MILES FROM THE PARENT THUNDERSTORM. IF YOU CAN HEAR THUNDER...YOU
ARE CLOSE ENOUGH TO BE STRUCK BY LIGHTNING. MOVE TO SAFE SHELTER
NOW. DO NOT BE CAUGHT ON THE WATER IN A THUNDERSTORM.

&&

A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1000 PM CDT FOR SOUTHEASTERN
TEXAS.

LAT...LON 3158 9517 3152 9510 3147 9510 3145 9504
      3106 9577 3085 9639 3092 9634 3107 9604
      3109 9577 3114 9577 3116 9573 3121 9575
      3127 9573 3132 9566 3145 9571 3146 9575
      3147 9572 3151 9574 3157 9549
TIME...MOT...LOC 2135Z 240DEG 49KT 3102 9654

40

The office that day

Everything else NWS Houston/Galveston, TX issued on the same UTC day.

Issued	Product	Office	Counties	Lasted
May 24, 9:20 PM CDT	River Flood Warning	HGX	Brazoria, Fort Bend	19 days
May 24, 9:20 PM CDT	River Flood Warning	HGX	Burleson, Washington	32 hr
May 25, 10:36 AM CDT	River Flood Warning	HGX	Houston, Madison	24 days
May 25, 1:19 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	HGX	Burleson	56 min
May 25, 2:28 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	HGX	Houston	32 min
May 25, 4:37 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	HGX	Houston	68 min
May 25, 4:51 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HGX	Brazos, Houston, Madison	84 min
May 25, 5:21 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HGX	Brazos, Burleson, Grimes, Madison	39 min
May 25, 5:54 PM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	HGX	Brazos, Burleson	3 hr
May 25, 5:57 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HGX	Brazos, Grimes, Madison, Montgomery, Walker	48 min
May 25, 6:06 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HGX	Brazos, Burleson, Washington	39 min
May 25, 6:11 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HGX	Houston	34 min
May 25, 6:18 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HGX	Brazos, Burleson	27 min
May 25, 6:28 PM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	HGX	Brazos, Burleson, Grimes, Houston, Madison, Walker	3 hr
May 25, 6:41 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HGX	Houston, Madison	34 min
May 25, 6:42 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HGX	Brazos, Burleson, Grimes, Montgomery, Walker, Washington	63 min
May 25, 6:51 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	HGX	Austin, Colorado, Washington	24 min
May 25, 6:52 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	HGX	Houston, Polk, Trinity	23 min

Nearby

Tornado Warnings in Texas, 2015 Every tornado warning in 2015 Tornadoes in 2015

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.