Alert archive / Minnesota / Special Weather Statements in 2012

Special Weather Statement, NWS Twin Cities, MN

May 18, 2012Wright County, Minnesota

NWS Twin Cities, MN issued this special weather statement at May 18, 2012, 5:50 PM CDT for Wright County, Minnesota. It was in force for 40 min. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued: May 18, 2012, 5:50 PM CDT (22:50 UTC)
Expired: May 18, 2012, 6:30 PM CDT
In force: 40 min
Issued by: NWS Twin Cities, MN

County Wright County, MN

The radar

The Minneapolis radar (KMPX), 57 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 22:51 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

The nearest sounding before it

Minneapolis, MN (KMPX), launched 12:00Z, 10.8 hours before the alert went out and 56 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-p

Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.

Hodograph

The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.

Mixed-layer CAPE: 0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN: No buoyant parcel
Mixed-layer LCL: 1992 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear: 14 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity: 154 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity: 274 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter: 0.0
Supercell composite: 0.4

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

974 
WWUS83 KMPX 182250
SPSMPX

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
550 PM CDT FRI MAY 18 2012

MNZ059-182330-
WRIGHT-
550 PM CDT FRI MAY 18 2012

AT 547 PM CDT...WEATHER SERVICE RADAR WAS TRACKING A STRONG
THUNDERSTORM 6 MILES SOUTHWEST OF MAPLE LAKE. THIS STORM WAS MOVING
NORTH AT 35 MPH.

HAIL UP TO DIME SIZE AND WINDS UP TO 50 MPH ARE EXPECTED WITH THIS
STORM.

* LOCATIONS IN OR NEAR THE PATH OF THIS STORM INCLUDE...
  RASSAT.
  MAPLE LAKE.
  SILVER CREEK.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

&&

LAT...LON 4539 9406 4530 9380 4505 9398 4512 9422
TIME...MOT...LOC 2250Z 200DEG 29KT 4518 9406

$$

CLF

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this special weather statement went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Twin Cities, MN wrote its last area forecast discussion before this special weather statement went out at May 18, 4:14 PM CDT, 1 hour 36 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, May 18, 4:14 PM CDT, 1 hour 36 minutes before

AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
414 PM CDT FRI MAY 18 2012

.DISCUSSION...

MOSTLY SUNNY SKIES AND STRONG SOUTHERLY WINDS ACROSS THE UPPER
MIDWEST AHEAD OF A SURFACE TROUGH LOCATED OVER THE HIGH PLAINS
ALLOWED FOR NEAR RECORD WARMTH THIS AFTERNOON IN MINNESOTA AND
WISCONSIN. THE TROUGH OF LOW PRESSURE WILL GRADUALLY SLIDE
EASTWARD IN RESPONSE TO THE UPPER LEVEL FORCING...LEADING TO
SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS CHANCES FOR THE WEEKEND. THERE WILL BE A
BRIEF DRY PERIOD MONDAY AND TUESDAY...WITH ON AND OFF THUNDERSTORM
CHANCES RETURNING FOR THE LATTER HALF OF THE PERIOD.

TODAY THROUGH SUNDAY...
LATEST WATERVAPOR IMAGERY COMBINED WITH 500MB HEIGHTS AND WINDS
SHOWED A BROAD LONGWAVE ACROSS THE GREAT BASIN...WITH UPPER LEVEL
DIVERGENCE DOWNSTREAM OVER THE HIGH PLAINS. THIS DIVERGENCE CAN BE
SEEN IDENTIFIED BY BOTH THE WIDESPREAD CLOUD FIELD AND SURFACE
PRESSURE TROUGH OVER THE HIGH PLAINS OF EASTERN MONTANA AND THE
WESTERN DAKOTAS. WITHIN THIS FLOW WERE A FEW FEATURES OF INTEREST.
THE FIRST OF WHICH IS A SHORTWAVE CROSSING THE MISSOURI RIVER
VALLEY INTO WESTERN IOWA. AN ADDITIONAL WAVE IS OFF THE BRITISH
COLUMBIA COAST...ALONG WITH A FEW EMBEDDED SHORTAVES IN THE
LONGWAVE THROUGH NEAR THE 4 CORNERS REGION. THE FIRST WAVE IS
ENOUGH TO SPARK A FEW ISOLATED SHOWERS ACROSS THE SOUTHWESTERN
CWA...AS INDICATED BY THE LAST FEW HRRR RUNS...AND CU FIELD. THE
MAIN CHANCE FOR PRECIP WILL BE LATER TOMORROW BEGINNING OUT WEST
AND SPREADING ACROSS THE THE REGION FOR SATURDAY NIGHT INTO
SUNDAY. LARGE SCALE ASCENT ASSOCIATED WITH THE UPPER LEVEL TROUGH
WILL BEGIN TO OVERTAKE THE REGION...WITH A FEW FOCUSED AREAS OF
PRECIP AS 3 DIFFERENT IDENTIFIABLE SHORTWAVES MOVE ACROSS THE
REGION. IS LOOKS LIKE THE BEST CHANCE FOR RAIN WILL BE SATURDAY
NIGHT INTO SUNDAY MORNING...AND HAVE INCREASED THE POPS AND QPF
DURING THIS TIME FRAME. FORECAST SOUNDINGS SHOW SOME DIRECTIONAL
SHEAR...BUT OVERALL THE WINDSPEEDS ARE LESS THAN 50KTS. THE SHEAR
INCREASES SATURDAY NIGHT AS THE LOW LEVEL JET STRENGTHENS...BUT
THE UPPER LEVEL WINDS REMAIN LESS THAN 50KTS. SOUNDINGS ALSO
INDICATE 1500 TO 2000 J/KG OF CAPE. SO BOTTOM LINE IS THE
POTENTIAL FOR SEVERE WEATHER DOES EXIST...BUT IT SHOULD BE
SPORADIC IN NATURE. IT LOOKS LIKE WE SHOULD SEE SOME GOOD SOAKING
RAINS WITH MULTIPLE ROUNDS OF PRECIP AS EACH WAVE MOVES
THROUGH

MONDAY THROUGH FRIDAY....DRY WEATHER IS EXPECTED AS HIGH PRESSURE
WILL BUILD ACROSS THE REGION FOR MONDAY AND TUESDAY. ON WEDNESDAY
A POWERFUL 120-140KT JET WILL CROSS THE WEST COAST AND MOVE
INLAND. AS IT DIGS OVER THE WESTCENTRAL US...IT WILL TAKE ON A
NEGATIVE TILT. THIS SETUP WILL DEVELOP A CYCLONE ACROSS THE HIGH
PLAINS...AND HAS THE POTENTIAL TO PRODUCE SOME SEVERE WEATHER FOR
THE LATTER HALF OF NEXT WEEK OVER THE GREAT PLAINS REGION. IT IS
TOO EARLY TO TELL THE EXACT TIMING AND PLACEMENT OF SEVERE
STORMS...BUT AS OF NOW CHOSE TO GO WITH A BLEND OF THE
GFS...ECMWF...AND PREVIOUS FORECAST...AND HAVE CHANCE POPS
THROUGHOUT THE EXTENDED PERIOD.

&&

.AVIATION.../18Z TAF ISSUANCE/

VFR CONDITIONS EXPECTED THROUGH MUCH OF THE PERIOD...WITH PERHAPS
SOME MVFR CONDITIONS DEVELOPING OVER WESTERN AREAS AFTER 12Z SAT.
STRONG SOUTH WINDS WILL BE THE MAIN WEATHER FEATURE THIS AFTERNOON.
SOME GUSTS IN EXCESS OF 30 KNOTS OVER WESTERN AREAS IN THE AFTERNOON.
SHOULD SLACKEN A BIT OVERNIGHT AHEAD OF DAKOTAS COLD FRONT.  THIS
FRONT IS PROGGED TO MOVE INTO CENTRAL MINNESOTA BY 00Z SUN.
MENTIONED A PROB30 -SHRA DEVELOPING AFTER 14Z SAT...WITH A BETTER
CHANCE OF TSRA WEST DURING THE AFTERNOON. SHOULD SEE JUST A MIX OF
MID/HIGH LEVEL CLOUDS UNTIL FRONT MOVES INTO MINNESOTA.  THE FRONT
WILL GRADUALLY MOVE EAST LATE AFTERNOON AND SATURDAY EVENING INTO
WESTERN WISCONSIN SUNDAY.

KMSP...VFR CONDS CONTINUE. MAINLY HIGH CLOUDS WITH LOWERING CEILING
DEVELOPING DURING THE DAY SATURDAY. MENTIONED VCSH BEGINNING AT 19Z
SAT FOR NOW...AS MODELS ARE HINTING AT A WEAK SHORT WAVE LIFTING OUT
AHEAD OF THE COLD FRONT SATURDAY MORNING.  WILL HAVE TO MONITOR THIS
FOR LATER TAF ISSUANCE.  HELD OFF ON ANY THUNDER MENTION...AS BEST
CHANCE COMES IN WITH THE FRONT SATURDAY NIGHT.  STRONG SOUTH WINDS
WILL CONTINUE THIS AFTERNOON...WITH GUST POTENTIAL TO 30 KNOTS
POSSIBLE. THEN WINDS EXPECTED TO SLACKEN A BIT THE
EVENING...INCREASING AHEAD OF THE FRONT AGAIN BY 14Z SAT.

OUTLOOK...
SAT NIGHT-SUN...SHRA/TSRA LIKELY WITH BRIEF MVFR/IFR POSSIBLE AS A COLD
FRONT PUSHES THROUGH.
MON-TUE...VFR.

&&

.MPX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
MN...WIND ADVISORY UNTIL 7 PM CDT THIS EVENING FOR BLUE EARTH-BROWN-
     CHIPPEWA-FARIBAULT-KANDIYOHI-LAC QUI PARLE-MARTIN-NICOLLET-
     POPE-REDWOOD-RENVILLE-SIBLEY-STEVENS-SWIFT-WATONWAN-YELLOW
     MEDICINE.

WI...NONE.
&&

JRB/DWE

Hazardous weather outlook, May 18, 9:01 AM CDT, 8 hours 49 minutes before

HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
901 AM CDT FRI MAY 18 2012

MNZ047-048-054>057-064-065-067-073>076-082>085-091>093-191215-
STEVENS-POPE-LAC QUI PARLE-SWIFT-CHIPPEWA-KANDIYOHI-
YELLOW MEDICINE-RENVILLE-SIBLEY-REDWOOD-BROWN-NICOLLET-LE SUEUR-
WATONWAN-BLUE EARTH-WASECA-STEELE-MARTIN-FARIBAULT-FREEBORN-
901 AM CDT FRI MAY 18 2012

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF CENTRAL
MINNESOTA...SOUTH CENTRAL MINNESOTA...SOUTHWEST MINNESOTA AND
WEST CENTRAL MINNESOTA.

.DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT

STRONG SOUTH WINDS...SUSTAINED AT 25 TO 30 MPH...WITH GUSTS TO
AROUND 45 MPH ARE EXPECTED FROM WESTERN MINNESOTA INTO SOUTHERN
MINNESOTA BEFORE SUBSIDING THIS EVENING. THESE STRONG WINDS WILL
COMBINE WITH LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY VALUES TO CREATE DANGEROUS FIRE
WEATHER CONDITIONS THIS AFTERNOON.

RECORD OR NEAR RECORD HEAT...WITH TEMPERATURES IN THE LOWER AND
MIDDLE 90S WILL BE SEEN ACROSS MUCH OF THE AREA THIS AFTERNOON.
PERSONS WORKING OUTSIDE OR THOSE PERSONS WITHOUT AIR CONDITIONING
SHOULD TRY AND REMAIN HYDRATED AND REMAIN COOL DURING THIS PERIOD
OF EARLY SEASON HEAT.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...SATURDAY THROUGH THURSDAY

THUNDERSTORM CHANCES WILL INCREASE ACROSS THE ENTIRE AREA
SATURDAY THROUGH SUNDAY AS A COLD FRONT MOVES ACROSS THE OUTLOOK
AREA. THE SEVERE WEATHER THREAT WITH ANY OF THIS ACTIVITY IS LOW
AT THIS TIME.

MORE THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE POSSIBLE WEDNESDAY NIGHT AND THURSDAY
AS THE NEXT COLD FRONT MOVES INTO THE OUTLOOK AREA.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SKYWARN SPOTTER ACTIVATION WILL NOT BE NEEDED.

MNZ041>045-049>053-058>063-066-068>070-077-078-191215-
DOUGLAS-TODD-MORRISON-MILLE LACS-KANABEC-STEARNS-BENTON-SHERBURNE-
ISANTI-CHISAGO-MEEKER-WRIGHT-HENNEPIN-ANOKA-RAMSEY-WASHINGTON-
MCLEOD-CARVER-SCOTT-DAKOTA-RICE-GOODHUE-
901 AM CDT FRI MAY 18 2012

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF CENTRAL
MINNESOTA...EAST CENTRAL MINNESOTA...SOUTH CENTRAL MINNESOTA...
SOUTHEAST MINNESOTA AND WEST CENTRAL MINNESOTA.

.DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT

STRONG SOUTH WINDS...SUSTAINED AT 25 TO 30 MPH...WITH GUSTS TO
AROUND 45 MPH WILL DEVELOP AGAIN LATE THIS MORNING FROM WESTERN
MINNESOTA INTO SOUTHERN MINNESOTA BEFORE SUBSIDING THIS EVENING.
THESE STRONG WINDS WILL COMBINE WITH LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY VALUES
TO CREATE DANGEROUS FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS THIS AFTERNOON.

TEMPERATURES WILL WARM TO AROUND 90 MUCH OF THE AREA THIS
AFTERNOON. PERSONS WORKING OUTSIDE OR THOSE PERSONS WITHOUT AIR
CONDITIONING SHOULD TRY AND REMAIN HYDRATED AND COOL DURING THIS
PERIOD OF EARLY SEASON HEAT.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...SATURDAY THROUGH THURSDAY

THUNDERSTORM CHANCES WILL INCREASE ACROSS THE ENTIRE AREA
SATURDAY THROUGH SUNDAY AS A COLD FRONT MOVES ACROSS THE OUTLOOK
AREA. THE SEVERE WEATHER THREAT WITH ANY OF THIS ACTIVITY IS LOW
AT THIS TIME.

MORE THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE POSSIBLE WEDNESDAY NIGHT AND THURSDAY
AS THE NEXT COLD FRONT MOVES INTO THE OUTLOOK AREA.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SKYWARN SPOTTER ACTIVATION WILL NOT BE NEEDED.

WIZ014>016-023>028-191215-
POLK-BARRON-RUSK-ST. CROIX-PIERCE-DUNN-PEPIN-CHIPPEWA-EAU CLAIRE-
901 AM CDT FRI MAY 18 2012

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF NORTHWEST
WISCONSIN AND WEST CENTRAL WISCONSIN.

.DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT

STRONG SOUTH WINDS...SUSTAINED AT 15 TO 30 MPH...WILL DEVELOP
THIS AFTERNOON OVER WEST CENTRAL WISCONSIN. THESE STRONG WINDS WILL
COMBINE WITH LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY VALUES TO CREATE DANGEROUS FIRE
WEATHER CONDITIONS THIS AFTERNOON.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...SATURDAY THROUGH THURSDAY

THUNDERSTORM CHANCES WILL INCREASE ACROSS THE ENTIRE AREA
SATURDAY NIGHT THROUGH SUNDAY AS A COLD FRONT MOVES ACROSS THE
OUTLOOK AREA. THE SEVERE WEATHER THREAT WITH ANY OF THIS ACTIVITY
IS LOW AT THIS TIME.

MORE THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE POSSIBLE WEDNESDAY NIGHT AND THURSDAY
AS THE NEXT COLD FRONT MOVES INTO THE OUTLOOK AREA.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SKYWARN SPOTTER ACTIVATION WILL NOT BE NEEDED.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, May 18, 5:12 PM CDT, 38 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
512 PM CDT FRI MAY 18 2012

MNZ044-045-182300-
KANABEC-MILLE LACS-
512 PM CDT FRI MAY 18 2012

AT 510 PM CDT...WEATHER SERVICE RADAR WAS TRACKING A STRONG
THUNDERSTORM 6 MILES NORTH OF MILACA...OR 8 MILES NORTH OF FORESTON.
THIS STORM WAS MOVING NORTHEAST AT 35 MPH.

ONE HALF INCH DIAMETER HAIL AND WINDS UP TO 50 MPH ARE EXPECTED WITH
THIS STORM.

* LOCATIONS IN OR NEAR THE PATH OF THIS STORM INCLUDE...
  BAYVIEW.
  WAHKON.
  ISLE.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

&&

LAT...LON 4625 9342 4616 9342 4616 9321 4615 9320
      4576 9359 4581 9376 4626 9358 4626 9355
TIME...MOT...LOC 2212Z 210DEG 36KT 4586 9366

CLF

Local storm report, May 18, 5:25 PM CDT, 25 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
525 PM CDT FRI MAY 18 2012

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0519 PM     TSTM WND GST     MILACA                  45.76N 93.65W
05/18/2012  M78 MPH          MILLE LACS         MN   MESONET

            MNDOT STATION US-169 MILE POST 200

&&

CARLYON

Local storm report, May 18, 5:34 PM CDT, 16 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
534 PM CDT FRI MAY 18 2012

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0530 PM     HAIL             SARTELL                 45.62N 94.21W
05/18/2012  E0.75 INCH       BENTON             MN   AMATEUR RADIO

&&

DFC

Special weather statement, May 18, 5:37 PM CDT, 13 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
537 PM CDT FRI MAY 18 2012

MNZ043-049-050-182315-
BENTON-MORRISON-STEARNS-
537 PM CDT FRI MAY 18 2012

AT 533 PM CDT...WEATHER SERVICE RADAR WAS TRACKING A STRONG
THUNDERSTORM 4 MILES NORTHEAST OF SARTELL. THIS STORM WAS MOVING
NORTH AT 30 MPH.

ONE HALF INCH DIAMETER HAIL AND WINDS UP TO 50 MPH ARE EXPECTED WITH
THIS STORM.

* LOCATIONS IN OR NEAR THE PATH OF THIS STORM INCLUDE...
  MAYHEW.
  LITTLE ROCK.
  MORRILL.
  BUCKMAN.
  GENOLA.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

&&

LAT...LON 4598 9414 4589 9384 4562 9409 4568 9424
TIME...MOT...LOC 2236Z 200DEG 27KT 4569 9415

CLF

Local storm report, May 18, 5:38 PM CDT, 12 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
538 PM CDT FRI MAY 18 2012

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0528 PM     HAIL             1 E SARTELL             45.62N 94.19W
05/18/2012  M0.75 INCH       BENTON             MN   TRAINED SPOTTER

&&

CARLYON

Special weather statement, May 18, 5:50 PM CDT, 0 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
550 PM CDT FRI MAY 18 2012

MNZ059-182330-
WRIGHT-
550 PM CDT FRI MAY 18 2012

AT 547 PM CDT...WEATHER SERVICE RADAR WAS TRACKING A STRONG
THUNDERSTORM 6 MILES SOUTHWEST OF MAPLE LAKE. THIS STORM WAS MOVING
NORTH AT 35 MPH.

HAIL UP TO DIME SIZE AND WINDS UP TO 50 MPH ARE EXPECTED WITH THIS
STORM.

* LOCATIONS IN OR NEAR THE PATH OF THIS STORM INCLUDE...
  RASSAT.
  MAPLE LAKE.
  SILVER CREEK.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

&&

LAT...LON 4539 9406 4530 9380 4505 9398 4512 9422
TIME...MOT...LOC 2250Z 200DEG 29KT 4518 9406

CLF

The office that day

Everything else NWS Twin Cities, MN issued on the same UTC day.

Issued	Product	Office	Counties	Lasted
May 18, 3:52 AM CDT	Wind Advisory	MPX	Blue Earth, Brown, Chippewa, Faribault, Kandiyohi, Lac qui Parle and 10 more	15 hr
May 18, 5:12 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	MPX	Mille Lacs	48 min
May 18, 5:24 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MPX	Kanabec, Mille Lacs	35 min
May 18, 5:28 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MPX	McLeod, Meeker, Renville, Sibley	23 min
May 18, 5:37 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	MPX	Benton	38 min
May 18, 5:57 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	MPX	Morrison	48 min
May 18, 6:22 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	MPX	Sherburne, Wright	53 min
May 18, 6:30 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	MPX	Mille Lacs	45 min
May 18, 6:57 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	MPX	Brown	48 min

Nearby

Special Weather Statements in Minnesota, 2012 Every special weather statement in 2012

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.