Alert archive / Oklahoma / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2011

Severe Thunderstorm Warning 466, NWS Tulsa, OK

August 3, 2011Haskell County, Latimer County, Pittsburg County, Oklahoma

NWS Tulsa, OK issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Aug 3, 2011, 6:21 PM CDT for Haskell County, Latimer County, Pittsburg County, Oklahoma. It was in force for 39 min. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued: Aug 3, 2011, 6:21 PM CDT (23:21 UTC)
Expired: Aug 3, 2011, 7:00 PM CDT
In force: 39 min
Issued by: NWS Tulsa, OK
Area: Storm-based polygon

Counties Haskell County, OK, Latimer County, OK, Pittsburg County, OK

The radar

The Western Arkansas radar (KSRX), 81 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 23:23 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

Did it verify

Not verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow found no qualifying storm report inside this severe thunderstorm warning while it was in force. That is not proof nothing happened: reports are thin where few people live.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The nearest sounding before it

Norman, OK (KOUN), launched 12:00Z, 11.4 hours before the alert went out and 196 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-p

Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.

Hodograph

The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.

Mixed-layer CAPE: 408 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN: -275 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL: 2678 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear: 19 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity: -78 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity: -33 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter: 0.0
Supercell composite: 0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

991 
WUUS54 KTSA 032321
SVRTSA
OKC061-077-121-040000-
/O.NEW.KTSA.SV.W.0466.110803T2321Z-110804T0000Z/

BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
621 PM CDT WED AUG 3 2011

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN TULSA HAS ISSUED A

* SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR...
  SOUTHERN HASKELL COUNTY IN SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA
  NORTHERN LATIMER COUNTY IN SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA
  NORTHEASTERN PITTSBURG COUNTY IN SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA

* UNTIL 700 PM CDT

* AT 619 PM CDT...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WAS LOCATED 3 MILES SOUTHWEST
  OF KINTA...MOVING NORTHEAST AT 5 MPH.

  STORM HAZARDS INCLUDE...
  WIND GUSTS TO 65 MPH...

* SOME LOCATIONS IN OR NEAR THE PATH OF THIS STORM INCLUDE...KINTA
  AND LEQUIRE.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

PEOPLE OUTSIDE SHOULD MOVE TO A SAFE SHELTER...PREFERABLY INSIDE A
STRONG BUILDING. STAY AWAY FROM WINDOWS UNTIL THE STORM HAS PASSED.

&&

LAT...LON 3527 9521 3508 9505 3500 9532 3509 9541
TIME...MOT...LOC 2321Z 230DEG 5KT 3509 9527

$$

1 follow-up statement

539 
WWUS54 KTSA 040000
SVSTSA

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
700 PM CDT WED AUG 3 2011

OKC061-077-121-040010-
/O.EXP.KTSA.SV.W.0466.000000T0000Z-110804T0000Z/
HASKELL OK-PITTSBURG OK-LATIMER OK-
700 PM CDT WED AUG 3 2011

...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR NORTHERN LATIMER...
NORTHEASTERN PITTSBURG AND SOUTHERN HASKELL COUNTIES EXPIRES AT 700
PM CDT...

THE THUNDERSTORM HAS WEAKENED BELOW SEVERE LIMITS...THEREFORE THE
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING WILL BE ALLOWED TO EXPIRE.

LAT...LON 3527 9521 3508 9505 3500 9532 3509 9541
TIME...MOT...LOC 2321Z 230DEG 5KT 3509 9527

$$

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Tulsa, OK wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at Aug 3, 3:00 PM CDT, 3 hours 21 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Aug 3, 3:00 PM CDT, 3 hours 21 minutes before

AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
300 PM CDT WED AUG 3 2011

.DISCUSSION...
HISTORIC HEAT WAVE CONTINUES THIS AFTERNOON ACROSS EASTERN
OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS WITH A FEW LOCATIONS LIKELY
REACHING ALL TIME HIGH TEMPERATURES. FRONTAL BOUNDARY IS CURRENTLY
LOCATED ALONG THE INTERSTATE 44 CORRIDOR. SOUTH OF BOUNDARY...
TEMPERATURES HAVE SOARED INTO THE 110-115 DEGREE RANGE WITH LIGHT
WESTERLY FLOW/EXTREMELY DRY SOIL CONDITIONS.  ISOLATED THUNDERSTORMS
WILL REMAIN POSSIBLE IN THE HIGHER TERRAIN OF SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA
THROUGH EARLY EVENING. ISOLATED THUNDERSTORMS COULD ALSO DEVELOP
ACROSS FAR NORTHEAST OKLAHOMA THIS EVENING ALONG/NORTH OF BOUNDARY
IN POCKET OF SLIGHTLY DEEPER MOISTURE.

REMNANTS OF BOUNDARY WILL LIKELY REMAIN ACROSS NORTHEAST OKLAHOMA
ON THURSDAY AND AGAIN COULD SEE ISOLATED TO WIDELY SCATTERED
AFTERNOON/EVENING THUNDERSTORMS...WHICH COULD PROVIDE SOME BRIEF
LOCALIZED RELIEF FROM THE HEAT. OPERATIONAL MODELS DIFFER ON
PRECIPITATION COVERAGE AND AT THIS POINT...NOT TOO OPTIMISTIC ON
OVERALL RAINFALL CHANCES.

UPPER HIGH STILL FORECAST TO RETROGRADE INTO THE WESTERN CONUS THIS
WEEKEND INTO THE EARLY PART OF NEXT WEEK.  STORMS WILL LIKELY
DEVELOP ON THE PERIPHERY OF UPPER HIGH AS NORTHWEST FLOW ALOFT
DEVELOPS.  THIS SHOULD ALLOW FOR AT LEAST LOW THUNDERSTORMS CHANCES
ACROSS NORTHEAST OKLAHOMA/NORTHWEST ARKANSAS EACH DAY. GENERALLY
EXPECT THUNDERSTORM CHANCES TO REMAIN LOW AND THUS TRENDED
TEMPERATURES TOWARD THE WARMER/DRIER ECMWF SOLUTION...WHICH HAS
BEEN MUCH BETTER OF LATE. ALSO EXTENDED EXCESSIVE HEAT WARNING
THROUGH SATURDAY AND THIS WILL LIKELY NEED TO BE EXTENDED FURTHER
IF FORECAST CONTINUES AS EXPECTED.

&&

.PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS...
TUL   80 107  80 105 /  20  20  20  20
FSM   79 109  79 105 /  20  20  20  20
MLC   80 110  82 107 /  20  10  10  10
BVO   76 105  76 105 /  30  20  20  20
FYV   75 102  75 100 /  20  20  20  20
BYV   78 100  75  98 /  20  20  20  20
MKO   78 108  80 104 /  20  20  20  20
MIO   76 103  75 101 /  30  20  20  20
F10   76 109  80 106 /  20  10  10  10
HHW   81 108  79 107 /  10  10  10  10

&&

.TSA WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
OK...EXCESSIVE HEAT WARNING UNTIL 7 PM SATURDAY FOR OKZ049-OKZ053-
     OKZ054-OKZ055-OKZ056-OKZ057-OKZ058-OKZ059-OKZ060-OKZ061-
     OKZ062-OKZ063-OKZ064-OKZ065-OKZ066-OKZ067-OKZ068-OKZ069-
     OKZ070-OKZ071-OKZ072-OKZ073-OKZ074-OKZ075-OKZ076.

     EXCESSIVE HEAT WATCH FROM 7 PM SATURDAY TO 9 PM MONDAY FOR
     OKZ049-OKZ053-OKZ054-OKZ055-OKZ056-OKZ057-OKZ058-OKZ059-
     OKZ060-OKZ061-OKZ062-OKZ063-OKZ064-OKZ065-OKZ066-OKZ067-
     OKZ068-OKZ069-OKZ070-OKZ071-OKZ072-OKZ073-OKZ074-OKZ075-
     OKZ076.

AR...EXCESSIVE HEAT WARNING UNTIL 7 PM SATURDAY FOR ARZ001-ARZ002-
     ARZ010-ARZ011-ARZ019-ARZ020-ARZ029.

     EXCESSIVE HEAT WATCH FROM 7 PM SATURDAY TO 9 PM MONDAY FOR
     ARZ001-ARZ002-ARZ010-ARZ011-ARZ019-ARZ020-ARZ029.

&&

SHORT TERM...20
LONG TERM....12

Hazardous weather outlook, Aug 3, 5:07 PM CDT, 1 hour 14 minutes before

HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
507 PM CDT WED AUG 3 2011

ARZ001-002-010-011-019-020-029-OKZ049-053>076-041015-
ADAIR OK-BENTON AR-CARROLL AR-CHEROKEE OK-CHOCTAW OK-CRAIG OK-
CRAWFORD AR-CREEK OK-DELAWARE OK-FRANKLIN AR-HASKELL OK-LATIMER OK-
LE FLORE OK-MADISON AR-MAYES OK-MCINTOSH OK-MUSKOGEE OK-NOWATA OK-
OKFUSKEE OK-OKMULGEE OK-OSAGE OK-OTTAWA OK-PAWNEE OK-PITTSBURG OK-
PUSHMATAHA OK-ROGERS OK-SEBASTIAN AR-SEQUOYAH OK-TULSA OK-WAGONER OK-
WASHINGTON OK-WASHINGTON AR-
507 PM CDT WED AUG 3 2011

...RECORD-BREAKING HEATWAVE CONTINUES...

THIS OUTLOOK IS FOR NORTHWEST AND WEST CENTRAL ARKANSAS AS WELL AS
MUCH OF EASTERN OKLAHOMA.

.DAY ONE...THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT.

SEVERE THUNDERSTORM.
RISK...LIMITED.
AREA...EASTERN OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS.
ONSET...ONGOING.

DANGEROUS HEAT.
RISK...CRITICAL.
AREA...EASTERN OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS.
ONSET...ONGOING.

FIRE WEATHER DANGER.
RISK...ELEVATED.
AREA...EASTERN OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS.
ONSET...ONGOING.

DISCUSSION...
VERY DANGEROUS HEAT CONDITIONS CONTINUED TO BE OBSERVED ACROSS
EASTERN OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS THIS AFTERNOON AS HIGH
TEMPERATURES ROSE UP INTO THE 106 TO 115 DEGREE RANGE WITH HEAT
INDEX VALUES AROUND 110 TO NEAR 120 DEGREES. THIS CONDITIONS ARE
EXPECTED TO CONTINUE THROUGH THE EVENING HOURS AS TEMPERATURES
WILL BE SLOW TO FALL. OVERNIGHT LOW TEMPERATURES SHOULD STAY UP IN
THE UPPER 70S AND LOW 80S...PROVIDING LITTLE TO NO RELIEF FROM THE
HEAT.

A WEAK FRONTAL BOUNDARY HAD PUSHED INTO NORTHEAST OKLAHOMA
TODAY...ALLOWING FOR ISOLATED SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS TO
DEVELOP. SCATTERED SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS HAD ALSO DEVELOPED
ACROSS THE HIGHER TERRAIN LOCATIONS OF SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA AND WEST
CENTRAL ARKANSAS. SOME OF THESE THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE CAPABLE OF
BECOMING STRONG TO SEVERE WITH DAMAGING WINDS AND LARGE HAIL.
CHANCES FOR SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS ARE EXPECTED TO CONTINUE
THROUGH INTO THE OVERNIGHT HOURS AS THE BOUNDARY REMAINS NEAR THE
REGION.

EVEN WITH SOME SCATTERED PRECIPITATION OCCURRING THIS
AFTERNOON...HOT AND DRY CONDITIONS ARE CONTINUING TO CREATE
LIMITED FIRE WEATHER DANGERS THROUGHOUT EASTERN OKLAHOMA AND
NORTHWEST ARKANSAS. ELEVATED FIRE WEATHER DANGERS WERE ALSO
OCCURRING ACROSS A FEW LOCATIONS IN NORTHEAST OKLAHOMA WHERE
BREEZY SOUTHERLY WINDS WERE OCCURRING. THESE CONDITIONS SHOULD
CONTINUE THROUGH THE EVENING AND BEGIN TO DECREASE FIRE DANGERS AS
RELATIVE HUMIDITY VALUES INCREASE.

SPOTTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT ACTION STATEMENT...
LOCAL SPOTTER ACTIVATION MAY BE NEEDED.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...THURSDAY THROUGH TUESDAY.
THURSDAY AND FRIDAY...THUNDERSTORM POTENTIAL...DANGEROUS HEAT POTENTIAL.
SATURDAY...THUNDERSTORM POTENTIAL...VERY HIGH FIRE WEATHER POTENTIAL...DANGEROUS HEAT POTENTIAL.
SUNDAY...THUNDERSTORM POTENTIAL...DANGEROUS HEAT POTENTIAL.
MONDAY...THUNDERSTORM POTENTIAL...VERY HIGH FIRE WEATHER POTENTIAL...DANGEROUS HEAT POTENTIAL.
TUESDAY...THUNDERSTORM POTENTIAL...VERY HIGH FIRE WEATHER POTENTIAL...DANGEROUS HEAT POTENTIAL.

EXTENDED DISCUSSION...
THE UPPER RIDGE IS EXPECTED TO SHIFT WESTWARD THIS WEEKEND TO
ALLOW FOR CONTINUED THUNDERSTORM CHANCES MAINLY ACROSS NORTHEAST
OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS. THE RIDGE LOOKS TO FLATTEN OUT
SOME DURING THE FIRST HALF OF NEXT WEEK WITH A FRONTAL BOUNDARY
POSSIBLY PUSHING INTO THE REGION. THIS WILL ALLOW FOR A CONTINUED
CHANCES FOR STORMS.

AFTERNOON HEAT INDICES WILL CONTINUE TO BE IN THE 105 TO 115 RANGE
THROUGH THE END OF THE WEEK...WITH A SLIGHT DOWNWARD TREND INTO
THE 105 TO 110 RANGE BY LATE IN THE WEEKEND AND EARLY NEXT WEEK.
THE EXCESSIVE HEAT WARNINGS HAVE BEEN EXTENDED THROUGH SATURDAY
FOR THE REGION.

ONGOING SEVERE TO EXTREME DROUGHT CONDITIONS AND VERY HOT
TEMPERATURES WILL CONTINUE TO YIELD ELEVATED FIRE DANGER ACROSS
MUCH OF THE AREA UNTIL SUBSTANTIAL RAINFALL OCCURS.

WWW.SRH.NOAA.GOV/TULSA CONTAINS ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Aug 3, 3:30 PM CDT, 2 hours 51 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
330 PM CDT WED AUG 3 2011

OKZ076-032100-
LE FLORE OK-
330 PM CDT WED AUG 3 2011

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY...

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN TULSA HAS ISSUED A
SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY EFFECTIVE UNTIL 400 PM CDT
FOR THE FOLLOWING COUNTY...

IN SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA
     SOUTHEASTERN LE FLORE

AT 330 PM CDT...A STRONG THUNDERSTORM WAS LOCATED OVER FAR
SOUTHEASTERN LE FLORE COUNTY...MOVING WEST AT 5 MPH..

THIS STORM WILL BE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING WIND GUSTS TO 50 MPH.
RESIDENTS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD REMAIN ALERT IN CASE THE SIGNIFICANT
WEATHER ADVISORY IS UPGRADED TO A WARNING.

LAT...LON 3451 9464 3461 9463 3470 9446 3470 9445
      3455 9445 3451 9446
TIME...MOT...LOC 2030Z 078DEG 5KT 3458 9448

Special weather statement, Aug 3, 4:14 PM CDT, 2 hours 7 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
414 PM CDT WED AUG 3 2011

OKZ054-055-060-032145-
OSAGE OK-TULSA OK-WASHINGTON OK-
414 PM CDT WED AUG 3 2011

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY...

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN TULSA HAS ISSUED A
SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY EFFECTIVE UNTIL 445 PM CDT
FOR THE FOLLOWING COUNTIES...

IN NORTHEAST OKLAHOMA
     FAR EASTERN OSAGE...FAR NORTHERN TULSA AND FAR SOUTHERN
WASHINGTON

AT 413 PM CDT...A STRONG THUNDERSTORM WAS LOCATED 4 MILES NORTH OF
SKIATOOK...MOVING EAST AT 10 MPH. SOME LOCATIONS THAT WILL BE
AFFECTED BY THIS STORM INCLUDE...AVANT...WOLCO...SKIATOOK...
COLLINSVILLE...VERA AND RAMONA.

A WIND GUST TO 46 MPH WAS MEASURED AT THE SKIATOOK MESONET SITE JUST
AFTER 4 PM.

THIS STORM WILL BE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING NICKEL SIZE HAIL AND WIND
GUSTS TO 50 MPH. RESIDENTS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD REMAIN ALERT IN CASE
THE SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY IS UPGRADED TO A WARNING.

LAT...LON 3639 9581 3637 9582 3632 9611 3654 9611
      3656 9582
TIME...MOT...LOC 2113Z 251DEG 7KT 3643 9598

Special weather statement, Aug 3, 5:27 PM CDT, 54 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
527 PM CDT WED AUG 3 2011

OKZ054-059-032300-
OSAGE OK-PAWNEE OK-
527 PM CDT WED AUG 3 2011

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY...

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN TULSA HAS ISSUED A
SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY EFFECTIVE UNTIL 600 PM CDT
FOR THE FOLLOWING COUNTIES...

IN NORTHEAST OKLAHOMA
     WESTERN OSAGE AND PAWNEE

AT 527 PM CDT...A STRONG THUNDERSTORM WAS LOCATED 17 MILES WEST OF
RALSTON...MOVING NORTHEAST AT 20 MPH. SOME LOCATIONS THAT WILL BE
AFFECTED BY THIS STORM INCLUDE...RALSTON.

THIS STORM WILL BE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING WIND GUSTS TO 50 MPH.

LAT...LON 3670 9701 3669 9695 3675 9686 3651 9671
      3634 9700 3636 9704 3651 9704 3654 9698
      3656 9691 3658 9690 3659 9692 3658 9704
      3659 9706 3663 9706
TIME...MOT...LOC 2227Z 211DEG 17KT 3646 9703

Special weather statement, Aug 3, 6:14 PM CDT, 7 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
614 PM CDT WED AUG 3 2011

OKZ073>075-032345-
HASKELL OK-LATIMER OK-PITTSBURG OK-
614 PM CDT WED AUG 3 2011

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY...

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN TULSA HAS ISSUED A
SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY EFFECTIVE UNTIL 645 PM CDT
FOR THE FOLLOWING COUNTIES...

IN SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA
     SOUTHWESTERN HASKELL...NORTHEASTERN PITTSBURG AND NORTHERN
     LATIMER

AT 614 PM CDT...A STRONG THUNDERSTORM WAS LOCATED 3 MILES SOUTH OF
LEWISVILLE...MOVING EAST AT 5 MPH. SOME LOCATIONS THAT WILL BE
AFFECTED BY THIS STORM INCLUDE...LEQUIRE...LEWISVILLE...KINTA...
QUINTON AND ROBBERS CAVE STATE PARK.

THIS STORM WILL BE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING WIND GUSTS TO 50 MPH.
RESIDENTS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD REMAIN ALERT IN CASE THE SIGNIFICANT
WEATHER ADVISORY IS UPGRADED TO A WARNING.

LAT...LON 3524 9510 3497 9507 3499 9543 3516 9541
TIME...MOT...LOC 2314Z 264DEG 4KT 3508 9528

The office that day

Everything else NWS Tulsa, OK issued on the same UTC day.

Issued	Product	Office	Counties	Lasted
Aug 3, 4:14 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	TSA	Washington	31 min
Aug 3, 5:05 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TSA	Osage, Tulsa	14 min
Aug 3, 5:27 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	TSA	Pawnee	33 min
Aug 3, 6:09 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TSA	Osage	36 min
Aug 3, 6:14 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	TSA	Haskell	31 min
Aug 3, 6:37 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TSA	Osage, Washington	38 min
Aug 3, 6:40 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	TSA	LeFlore	35 min
Aug 3, 6:46 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	TSA	McIntosh	29 min

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Oklahoma, 2011 Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2011

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.