Alert archive / Alabama / Mesoscale Discussions in 2011

Mesoscale Discussion 646

April 27, 201135 counties in Alabama; 4 counties in Mississippi

The Storm Prediction Center issued this mesoscale discussion at Apr 27, 2011, 9:20 PM CDT for 35 counties in Alabama; 4 counties in Mississippi. It was in force for 25 min.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Apr 27, 2011, 9:20 PM CDT (02:20 UTC)
Expired
Apr 27, 2011, 9:45 PM CDT
In force
25 min
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
All 39 counties

Autauga County, AL, Bibb County, AL, Blount County, AL, Butler County, AL, Calhoun County, AL, Cherokee County, AL, Chilton County, AL, Choctaw County, AL, Clarke County, AL, Clay County, AL, Cleburne County, AL, Conecuh County, AL, Coosa County, AL, Covington County, AL, Crenshaw County, AL, Dallas County, AL, DeKalb County, AL, Elmore County, AL, Escambia County, AL, Etowah County, AL, Greene County, AL, Hale County, AL, Jefferson County, AL, Lowndes County, AL, Marengo County, AL, Marshall County, AL, Monroe County, AL, Perry County, AL, Shelby County, AL, St. Clair County, AL, Sumter County, AL, Talladega County, AL, Tuscaloosa County, AL, Washington County, AL, Wilcox County, AL, George County, MS, Greene County, MS, Perry County, MS, Wayne County, MS

The radar

The Birmingham radar (KBMX), 150 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 02:21 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

The watches that followed

Watches SPC issued over any of the same counties within four hours of this discussion.

The nearest sounding before it

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), launched 00:00Z, 2.3 hours before the alert went out and 150 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Birmingham, AL at 00:00Z on 2011-04-28Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 3065 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Birmingham, AL at 00:00Z on 2011-04-28The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 448 square meters per square second.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
3065 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-4 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
711 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
73 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
448 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
480 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
9.6
Supercell composite
33.6

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

318 
ACUS11 KWNS 280220
SWOMCD
SPC MCD 280220 
ALZ000-TNZ000-FLZ000-MSZ000-280245-

MESOSCALE DISCUSSION 0646
NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER NORMAN OK
0920 PM CDT WED APR 27 2011

AREAS AFFECTED...AL AND FAR SERN MS

CONCERNING...TORNADO WATCH 235...

VALID 280220Z - 280245Z

THE SEVERE WEATHER THREAT FOR TORNADO WATCH 235 CONTINUES.

A NEW TORNADO WATCH WILL BE COORDINATED SOON FOR ERN...CENTRAL AND
SRN AL...AND FAR SERN MS GIVEN A TORNADO THREAT EXPECTED TO PERSIST
THROUGH THE REST OF THE EVENING AND EARLY OVERNIGHT PERIOD.  

MID EVENING REGIONAL RADAR IMAGERY SHOWED STRONG TO SEVERE STORMS
OVER SERN TO ERN AL WITH THIS ACTIVITY LOCATED ALONG A PRE-FRONTAL
CONFLUENCE ZONE.  ADDITIONAL DISCRETE STORMS CONTINUE TO DEVELOP
ALONG THE COLD FRONT MOVING INTO CENTRAL AL TO SERN MS.  WARM SECTOR
AIR MASS WILL REMAIN MODERATELY UNSTABLE WITH EFFECTIVE BULK SHEAR
IN EXCESS OF 50 KT MAINTAINING LIKELIHOOD FOR DISCRETE SUPERCELLS. 
WSR-88D VADS OVER SERN AL INDICATED STRENGTHENING LOW LEVEL JET /50+
KT/ WHICH IS SUPPORTING ENHANCED LOW LEVEL SHEAR  /0-1 KM SRH 475 M2
PER S2/.  GIVEN THE INSTABILITY/SHEAR VALUES...A CONTINUED TORNADO
THREAT IS EXPECTED AS STORMS DEVELOP ALONG AND AHEAD OF THE COLD
FRONT ADVANCING EWD.

..PETERS.. 04/28/2011

...PLEASE SEE WWW.SPC.NOAA.GOV FOR GRAPHIC PRODUCT...

ATTN...WFO...MRX...BMX...HUN...MOB...JAN...LIX...

LAT...LON   30978939 32748813 35008569 33518540 32138641 31448619
            31048642 30828821 30888918 30978939

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Apr 27, 7:55 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAutauga, Bibb, Blount, Butler, Calhoun, Cherokee and 27 more65 min
Apr 27, 9:42 PM CDTTornado WatchSPCAutauga, Bibb, Butler, Calhoun, Cherokee, Chilton and 19 more4 hr
Apr 27, 11:09 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBarbour, Bullock, Chambers, Clay, Cleburne, Elmore and 7 more36 min
Apr 28, 1:22 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCDale, Geneva, Henry, Houston83 min

Nearby

Mesoscale Discussions in Alabama, 2011Mesoscale Discussions in Mississippi, 2011Every mesoscale discussion in 2011

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.