Alert archive / Virginia / Mesoscale Discussions in 2011

Mesoscale Discussion 2276

October 29, 20114 states

The Storm Prediction Center issued this mesoscale discussion at Oct 29, 2011, 12:34 AM EDT for 4 states. It was in force for 6 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Oct 29, 2011, 12:34 AM EDT (04:34 UTC)
Expired
Oct 29, 2011, 6:30 AM EDT
In force
6 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
All 53 counties

Allegany County, MD, Carroll County, MD, Frederick County, MD, Garrett County, MD, Washington County, MD, Adams County, PA, Bedford County, PA, Cumberland County, PA, Franklin County, PA, Fulton County, PA, Huntingdon County, PA, Perry County, PA, Somerset County, PA, York County, PA, Alleghany County, VA, Augusta County, VA, Bath County, VA, Botetourt County, VA, City of Buena Vista, VA, City of Covington, VA, City of Harrisonburg, VA, City of Lexington, VA, City of Staunton, VA, City of Waynesboro, VA, City of Winchester, VA, Clarke County, VA, Fauquier County, VA, Frederick County, VA, Greene County, VA, Highland County, VA, Loudoun County, VA, Madison County, VA, Page County, VA, Rappahannock County, VA, Rockbridge County, VA, Rockingham County, VA, Shenandoah County, VA, Warren County, VA, Barbour County, WV, Berkeley County, WV, Grant County, WV, Greenbrier County, WV, Hampshire County, WV, Hardy County, WV, Jefferson County, WV, Mineral County, WV, Morgan County, WV, Pendleton County, WV, Pocahontas County, WV, Preston County, WV, Randolph County, WV, Tucker County, WV, Upshur County, WV

The radar

The Sterling radar (KLWX), 116 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 04:38 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

The nearest sounding before it

Washington/Dulle, VA (KIAD), launched 00:00Z, 4.6 hours before the alert went out and 123 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Washington/Dulle, VA at 00:00Z on 2011-10-29Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 0 joules per kilogram.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Washington/Dulle, VA at 00:00Z on 2011-10-29The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 24 square meters per square second.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
No buoyant parcel
Mixed-layer LCL
1309 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
63 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
24 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
308 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

590 
ACUS11 KWNS 290435
SWOMCD
SPC MCD 290434
PAZ000-MDZ000-VAZ000-WVZ000-291030-

MESOSCALE DISCUSSION 2276
NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER NORMAN OK
1134 PM CDT FRI OCT 28 2011

AREAS AFFECTED...NWRN VA...ERN WV...WRN/CNTRL MD...S-CNTRL PA

CONCERNING...HEAVY SNOW

VALID 290434Z - 291030Z

EARLY-SEASON HEAVY SNOW...WITH RATES OF 1 TO LOCALLY 2 IN/HR...WILL
DEVELOP AND SPREAD NNEWD AFTER 09Z...AND CONTINUE THROUGH SATURDAY
MORNING.

A STRONG MID-LEVEL IMPULSE ROUNDING THE BASE OF A LONGWAVE TROUGH
OVER THE CNTRL/ERN CONUS WILL PROGRESS ENEWD TOWARD THE MID ATLANTIC
TONIGHT. AS THIS OCCURS...INTENSE LOW/MID-LEVEL FRONTOGENESIS WILL
OCCUR BENEATH A POWERFUL UPPER-LEVEL SWLY JET MAX /CORE SPEEDS
REACHING 150 KT AT 250 MB AFTER 09Z/ OFFERING STRONG DCVA. THESE
ELEMENTS ARE BEING MANIFESTED IN THE BAROCLINIC LEAF STRUCTURE
ALREADY TAKING SHAPE OVER THE LOWER GREAT LAKES AND OHIO VALLEY PER
RECENT WATER VAPOR IMAGERY. THE LARGE-SCALE ASCENT WILL SUPPORT THE
DEVELOPMENT OF AN 850-MB WAVE...WHICH IS FORECAST TO RIDE NEWD ALONG
A BAROCLINIC ZONE STRETCHING FROM THE WRN CAROLINAS INTO THE
DELMARVA REGION. INCREASING ELY/SELY FLOW AHEAD OF THIS WAVE WILL
ENHANCE UPSLOPE FLOW INTO THE CNTRL APPALACHIANS. ALSO OF
NOTE...SUBSTANTIAL LOW/MID-LEVEL MOISTENING HAS ALREADY TAKEN PLACE
IN ASSOCIATION WITH THE EARLIER PASSAGE OF A LEAD WAVE /REF
BLACKSBURG AND STERLING VA 00Z RAOBS/. GIVEN THESE FACTORS...AN
INCREASE IN SNOWFALL RATES IS ANTICIPATED FROM SSW TO NNE AFTER
09Z...AS AFFIRMED BY RECENT RUNS OF THE EXPERIMENTAL HRRR AND
EXPERIMENTAL ENSEMBLE HIGH-RESOLUTION WRF GUIDANCE.

SNOWFALL RATES OF 1 IN/HR WILL BE LIKELY THROUGHOUT THE DISCUSSION
AREA. HOWEVER...THE MOST FAVORABLE JUXTAPOSITION OF THE
AFOREMENTIONED FORCING MECHANISMS COULD SUPPORT LOCALLY HIGHER RATES
/POSSIBLY UP TO 2 INCHES PER HOUR/ WITHIN 35 MILES EITHER SIDE OF A
LINE FROM STAUNTON VA TO HAGERSTOWN MD TO HARRISBURG PA. ALSO IN
THIS AREA...NAM/GFS CROSS SECTIONS OF THETA-E AND GEOSTROPHIC
MOMENTUM SUGGEST CONDITIONAL SYMMETRIC INSTABILITY DEVELOPING IN THE
MID LEVELS TOWARD 12Z...COINCIDENT WITH SLANTWISE CAPE INCREASING TO
150-200 J/KG PER EXPERIMENTAL NAM OUTPUT. THIS WILL FAVOR
WSW-ENE-ORIENTED HEAVY SNOW BANDS...AND AN ISOLATED LIGHTNING STRIKE
OR TWO CANNOT BE RULED OUT. THE HEAVY SNOW WILL LIKELY CONTINUE
THROUGH SATURDAY MORNING...WITH RATES TAPERING OFF FROM SSW TO NNE
AFTER 18Z. FOR LOCATIONS FARTHER EAST /INCLUDING AREAS FROM
BALTIMORE TO THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA/...FORECAST SOUNDINGS SUGGEST
THAT WARMER THERMODYNAMIC PROFILES WILL BE LESS CONDUCIVE FOR HEAVY
SNOW.

..COHEN.. 10/29/2011

...PLEASE SEE WWW.SPC.NOAA.GOV FOR GRAPHIC PRODUCT...

ATTN...WFO...CTP...LWX...RNK...PBZ...RLX...

LAT...LON   37757909 37457967 37508016 37838050 38848036 39697979
            40187921 40447854 40507743 40247664 39517678 38687774
            38087850 37757909

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Oct 29, 7:36 AM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAllegany, Frederick, Washington5 hr
Oct 29, 1:01 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBerks, Bradford, Carbon, Columbia, Dauphin, Juniata and 18 more5 hr

Nearby

Mesoscale Discussions in Virginia, 2011Mesoscale Discussions in West Virginia, 2011Mesoscale Discussions in Pennsylvania, 2011Every mesoscale discussion in 2011

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.