Alert archive / Tennessee / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2011

Severe Thunderstorm Warning 97, NWS Morristown, TN

April 25, 2011Grainger County, Knox County, Union County, Tennessee

NWS Morristown, TN issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Apr 25, 2011, 6:34 PM EDT for Grainger County, Knox County, Union County, Tennessee. It was in force for 41 min. 2 reports came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued: Apr 25, 2011, 6:34 PM EDT (22:34 UTC)
Expired: Apr 25, 2011, 7:15 PM EDT
In force: 41 min
Issued by: NWS Morristown, TN
Area: Storm-based polygon

Counties Grainger County, TN, Knox County, TN, Union County, TN

The radar

The Knoxville radar (KMRX), 41 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 22:38 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

Time	Report	Where	Remark
Apr 25, 6:45 PM EDT	TSTM WND DMG	Knoxville, TN	SEVERAL TREES DOWN COUNTYWIDE. REPORTED BY MATT HINKEN.
Apr 25, 7:10 PM EDT	TSTM WND DMG	Maynardville, TN	NUMEROUS TREES AND POWERLINES DOWN COUNTYWIDE. REPORTED BY DISPATCH.

Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.

Did it verify

Verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow matched 2 storm reports to this severe thunderstorm warning; the first came 11 minutes after it went out.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The nearest sounding before it

Nashville Metro, TN (KBNA), launched 12:00Z, 10.6 hours before the alert went out and 247 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-p

Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.

Hodograph

The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.

Mixed-layer CAPE: 73 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN: -150 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL: 1101 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear: 37 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity: 171 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity: 201 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter: 0.0
Supercell composite: 0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

194 
WUUS54 KMRX 252234
SVRMRX
TNC057-093-173-252315-
/O.NEW.KMRX.SV.W.0097.110425T2234Z-110425T2315Z/

BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MORRISTOWN TN
634 PM EDT MON APR 25 2011

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN MORRISTOWN HAS ISSUED A

* SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR...
  GRAINGER COUNTY IN EAST TENNESSEE...
  KNOX COUNTY IN EAST TENNESSEE...
  UNION COUNTY IN EAST TENNESSEE...

* UNTIL 715 PM EDT

* AT 629 PM EDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A
  SEVERE THUNDERSTORM CAPABLE OF PRODUCING QUARTER SIZE HAIL...AND
  DAMAGING WINDS IN EXCESS OF 60 MPH.  THIS STORM WAS LOCATED NEAR
  KNOXVILLE...AND MOVING NORTHEAST AT 40 MPH.

* LOCATIONS IN THE WARNING INCLUDE...
  MAYNARDVILLE...HALLS...MALONEYVILLE...MASCOT...PAULETTE...BLAINE...
  NORRIS LAKE...LUTTRELL...ROSE HILL...JOPPA...SHARPS CHAPEL AND
  BUFFALO SPRINGS.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

THIS IS A DANGEROUS STORM. IF YOU ARE IN ITS PATH...PREPARE
IMMEDIATELY FOR DAMAGING WINDS...DESTRUCTIVE HAIL...AND DEADLY CLOUD
TO GROUND LIGHTNING. PEOPLE OUTSIDE SHOULD MOVE TO A SHELTER...
PREFERABLY INSIDE A STRONG BUILDING BUT AWAY FROM WINDOWS.

IN ADDITION TO LARGE HAIL AND DAMAGING WINDS...CONTINUOUS CLOUD TO
GROUND LIGHTNING IS OCCURRING WITH THIS STORM. MOVE INDOORS
IMMEDIATELY! LIGHTNING IS ONE OF NATURES NUMBER ONE KILLERS.
REMEMBER...IF YOU CAN HEAR THUNDER...YOU ARE CLOSE ENOUGH TO BE
STRUCK BY LIGHTNING.

&&

LAT...LON 3627 8352 3612 8365 3612 8368 3609 8368
      3609 8371 3607 8370 3586 8389 3597 8412
      3601 8410 3603 8406 3605 8408 3610 8405
      3619 8395 3624 8399 3641 8390
TIME...MOT...LOC 2234Z 214DEG 36KT 3602 8393

$$

1 follow-up statement

613 
WWUS54 KMRX 252250
SVSMRX

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MORRISTOWN TN
650 PM EDT MON APR 25 2011

TNC057-093-173-252315-
/O.CON.KMRX.SV.W.0097.000000T0000Z-110425T2315Z/
UNION TN-GRAINGER TN-KNOX TN-
650 PM EDT MON APR 25 2011

...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 715 PM EDT
FOR KNOX...GRAINGER AND UNION COUNTIES...

AT 647 PM EDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR CONTINUED TO
INDICATE A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM CAPABLE OF PRODUCING QUARTER SIZE
HAIL...AND DESTRUCTIVE WINDS IN EXCESS OF 70 MPH.  THIS STORM WAS
LOCATED NEAR PAULETTE...OR 9 MILES SOUTHWEST OF MAYNARDVILLE...MOVING
NORTHEAST AT 40 MPH.

LOCATIONS IN THE WARNING INCLUDE...
  MAYNARDVILLE...PAULETTE...BLAINE...LUTTRELL...NORRIS LAKE...
  JOPPA...BUFFALO SPRINGS...ROSE HILL AND SHARPS CHAPEL.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

THIS IS A DANGEROUS STORM. IF YOU ARE IN ITS PATH...PREPARE
IMMEDIATELY FOR DAMAGING WINDS...DESTRUCTIVE HAIL...AND DEADLY CLOUD
TO GROUND LIGHTNING. PEOPLE OUTSIDE SHOULD MOVE TO A SHELTER...
PREFERABLY INSIDE A STRONG BUILDING BUT AWAY FROM WINDOWS.

&&

LAT...LON 3627 8352 3612 8365 3612 8368 3609 8368
      3609 8371 3607 8370 3598 8379 3608 8405
      3619 8395 3624 8399 3641 8390
TIME...MOT...LOC 2250Z 206DEG 35KT 3616 8386

$$

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Morristown, TN wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at Apr 25, 3:06 PM EDT, 3 hours 28 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Apr 25, 3:06 PM EDT, 3 hours 28 minutes before

AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MORRISTOWN TN
306 PM EDT MON APR 25 2011

.SHORT TERM (TONIGHT THROUGH WEDNESDAY)...SHOULD BE AN ACTIVE PERIOD
AS TWO MAIN SHORT WAVE FEATURES MOVE NORTHEAST OUT OF THE LOWER AND
MID MISSISSIPPI VALLEY ACROSS THE MID SOUTH. KEPT A SLIGHT CHANCE
FOR CONVECTION GOING EARLY THIS EVENING AS WEAK TO MODERATE
INSTABILITY AND A NICE SOUTHERLY FLOW COULD ACTIVATE AN ISOLATED
STORM IN SPOTS. TRIED TO ADJUST POPS A LITTLE HIGHER TOWARD DAYBREAK
AS THERE WILL BE A CHANCE FOR OUTFLOW BOUNDARY DRIVEN SHOWERS AND
THUNDERSTORMS FROM CURRENT SEVERE CONVECTION ON THE EASTERN EDGE OF
THE SOUTHERN PLAINS TO MAKE IT INTO WESTERN SECTIONS OF THE FORECAST
AREA TUESDAY MORNING. APPLIED LIKELY POPS ACROSS THE WESTERN THIRD
WITH MEDIUM CHANCE POPS REMAINDER OF THE VIEWING AREA FOR THE
AFTERNOON HOURS AS STRENGTHENING SOUTHERLY FLOW WITH SUFFICIENT
INSTABILITY WILL BE IN PLACE AHEAD OF THE MAIN EVENT EXPECTED ON
WEDNESDAY. BY WEDNESDAY POWERFUL 90-100 KT UPPER LEVEL JET WILL BE
ADVANCING ACROSS THE EASTERN U.S. WHILE DEEP SURFACE LOW SWINGS
NORTHEAST FROM THE MID MISSISSIPPI VALLEY ACROSS THE OHIO VALLEY.
THE LOW WILL PULL A STRONG COLD FRONT TOWARD THE FORECAST AREA BY
LATE AFTERNOON. THE STORM PREDICTION CENTER HAS PLACED MUCH OF THE
MRX CWFA IN A MODERATE RISK FOR SEVERE CONVECTION ON WEDNESDAY AS A
50-60KT LOW LEVEL JET MOVES INTO THE REGION. 0-1KM HELICITY VALUES
WILL BE MORE THAN SUFFICIENT (250-350 M2/S2) FOR ROTATING STORMS
WITH ADEQUATE INSTABILITY. ADJUSTED HIGH PROBABILITIES FOR SHOWERS
AND THUNDERSTORMS SLIGHTLY AHEAD IN TIME AS SEVERE CONVECTION MAY
ARRIVE A LITTLE EARLIER THAN PREVIOUSLY EXPECTED. STILL LOOKS LIKE
SEVERE CONVECTION WILL BE ONGOING INTO THE EVENING HOURS WEDNESDAY
AS COLD FRONT SHOULD NOT ADVANCE TO THE APPALACHIAN SPINE UNTIL LATE
EVENING.

.LONG TERM (THURSDAY NIGHT THROUGH MONDAY)...UPPER TROUGH REMAINS
NORTH OF THE AREA THURSDAY. POST FRONTAL NW FLOW SHOWERS POSSIBLE
MAINLY ACROSS NORTHERN AREAS. BRIEF COOL PERIOD WHILE HIGH PRESSURE
BUILDS INTO THE REGION FROM THE WEST. SURFACE HIGH PRESSURE
DOMINATES AND LAYER HEIGHTS RISE FRI/SAT. GOOD WARM UP WITH DRY
CONDITIONS. THE NEXT STORM SYSTEM IS A LONG REACHING COLD FRONT THAT
IS PROGGED TO MOVE EAST THROUGH THE TN VLY SUN BRINGING A GOOD
CHANCE FOR CONVECTION ACROSS THE REGION. MODEL SOLUTIONS DIFFER ON
EASTERN PROGRESSION OF COLD FRONT. THERE IS A CHANCE FRONT COULD
HANG UP IN THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS WITH AN INCREASE IN POPS IN
LATER FORECAST PACKAGES.

&&

.PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS...
CHATTANOOGA AIRPORT, TN             65  81  66  80  55 /  20  70  70  90  50
KNOXVILLE MCGHEE TYSON AIRPORT, TN  64  81  64  80  56 /  20  50  60  90  60
OAK RIDGE, TN                       64  80  64  80  55 /  20  50  60  90  60
TRI CITIES AIRPORT, TN              57  81  60  82  55 /  20  40  50  70  80

&&

.MRX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
NC...NONE.
TN...NONE.
VA...NONE.

&&

Hazardous weather outlook, Apr 25, 5:00 AM EDT, 13 hours 34 minutes before

HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MORRISTOWN TN
500 AM EDT MON APR 25 2011

NCZ060-061-TNZ012>018-035>047-067>074-081>087-098>102-VAZ001-002-
005-006-008-261000-
CHEROKEE-CLAY-SCOTT TN-CAMPBELL-CLAIBORNE-HANCOCK-HAWKINS-
SULLIVAN-JOHNSON-MORGAN-ANDERSON-UNION-GRAINGER-HAMBLEN-
NORTHWEST COCKE-COCKE SMOKY MOUNTAINS-NORTHWEST GREENE-
SOUTHEAST GREENE-WASHINGTON TN-UNICOI-NORTHWEST CARTER-
SOUTHEAST CARTER-ROANE-LOUDON-KNOX-JEFFERSON-NW BLOUNT-
BLOUNT SMOKY MOUNTAINS-NORTH SEVIER-SEVIER SMOKY MOUNTAINS-
SEQUATCHIE-BLEDSOE-RHEA-MEIGS-MCMINN-NORTHWEST MONROE-
SOUTHEAST MONROE-MARION-HAMILTON-BRADLEY-WEST POLK-EAST POLK-LEE-
WISE-SCOTT-RUSSELL-WASHINGTON-
500 AM EDT (400 AM CDT) MON APR 25 2011

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR EAST TENNESSEE...SOUTHWEST
VIRGINIA AND EXTREME SOUTHWEST NORTH CAROLINA.

.DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT

ISOLATED SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS ARE EXPECTED TO DEVELOP THIS
AFTERNOON AND EVENING...WITH A FEW STORMS POSSIBLY PRODUCING
DAMAGING WINDS AND LARGE HAIL.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...TUESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY

SCATTERED SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS ARE EXPECTED TO DEVELOP OVER THE
SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN REGION ON TUESDAY...WITH SOME STORMS BECOMING
SEVERE WITH DAMAGING WINDS...LARGE HAIL AND LOCALLY HEAVY RAINFALL.
IN ADDITION...AN ISOLATED TORNADO OR TWO WILL BE POSSIBLE.

A STRONG COLD FRONT WITH A STRONG WIND FIELD WILL MOVE ACROSS THE
TENNESSEE RIVER VALLEY ON WEDNESDAY...BRINGING THE POTENTIAL FOR A
SIGNIFICANT OUTBREAK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS BY WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON
AND EVENING. THERE WILL BE THE POTENTIAL FOR WIDESPREAD DAMAGING
WINDS...VERY LARGE HAIL...HEAVY RAINFALL...AND TORNADOES. IN
ADDITION...THERE WILL BE THE POTENTIAL FOR STRONG AND LONG-TRACKED
TORNADOES.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SPOTTER ACTIVATION MAY BE NEEDED ON TUESDAY...AND WILL LIKELY BE
NEEDED ON WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON AND EVENING.

DMG

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Apr 25, 4:37 PM EDT, 1 hour 57 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MORRISTOWN TN
437 PM EDT MON APR 25 2011

NCZ060-TNZ086-087-102-252115-
CHEROKEE NC-EAST POLK TN-NORTHWEST MONROE TN-SOUTHEAST MONROE TN-
437 PM EDT MON APR 25 2011

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY FOR POLK...MONROE AND CHEROKEE
COUNTIES UNTIL 515 PM EDT...

AT 434 PM EDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR WAS TRACKING A
STRONG THUNDERSTORM 8 MILES EAST OF MCCAYSVILLE...OR 10 MILES
SOUTHEAST OF DUCKTOWN...MOVING NORTHEAST AT 25 MPH.

SMALL HAIL AND WIND GUSTS UP TO 50 MPH ARE POSSIBLE WITH THIS STORM.

LOCATIONS NEAR THE PATH OF THIS STORM INCLUDE...MURPHY...ANDREWS...
CULBERSON...HOT HOUSE...TURTLETOWN...HIAWASSE DAM...VIOLET...UNAKA...
MARBLE AND COKER CREEK.

IN ADDITION TO SMALL HAIL AND GUSTY WINDS...FREQUENT CLOUD TO GROUND
LIGHTNING IS OCCURRING WITH THIS STORM. MOVE INDOORS IMMEDIATELY!
LIGHTNING IS ONE OF NATURES PRIMARY KILLERS ASSOCIATED WITH
THUNDERSTORMS. REMEMBER...IF YOU CAN HEAR THUNDER...YOU ARE CLOSE
ENOUGH TO BE STRUCK BY LIGHTNING.

Local storm report, Apr 25, 4:49 PM EDT, 1 hour 45 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MORRISTOWN TN
449 PM EDT MON APR 25 2011

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0436 PM     HAIL             2 E LIMESTONE           36.23N 82.60W
04/25/2011  E1.00 INCH       WASHINGTON         TN   TRAINED SPOTTER

            1 INCH SIZE HAIL IN TELFORD, TENNESSEE

0445 PM     HAIL             KINGSPORT               36.53N 82.56W
04/25/2011  E1.00 INCH       SULLIVAN           TN   TRAINED SPOTTER

&&

DH

Local storm report, Apr 25, 5:21 PM EDT, 1 hour 13 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MORRISTOWN TN
521 PM EDT MON APR 25 2011

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0500 PM     TSTM WND DMG     WEBER CITY              36.62N 82.56W
04/25/2011                   SCOTT              VA   LAW ENFORCEMENT

            A TREES DOWN ACROSS WEBER CITY.

0510 PM     TSTM WND DMG     JOHNSON CITY            36.33N 82.37W
04/25/2011                   WASHINGTON         TN   LAW ENFORCEMENT

            A FEW TREES AND POWER LINES DOWN NEAR JOHNSON CITY.

&&

DH

Special weather statement, Apr 25, 5:57 PM EDT, 37 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MORRISTOWN TN
557 PM EDT MON APR 25 2011

TNZ017-018-046-VAZ006-008-252245-
JOHNSON TN-NORTHWEST CARTER TN-RUSSELL VA-SULLIVAN TN-WASHINGTON VA-
557 PM EDT MON APR 25 2011

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY FOR EXTREME NORTHERN CARTER...CITY OF
BRISTOL...WASHINGTON...RUSSELL...JOHNSON AND SULLIVAN COUNTIES UNTIL
645 PM EDT...

AT 552 PM EDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR WAS TRACKING A
STRONG THUNDERSTORM NEAR BRISTOL VA...MOVING NORTHEAST AT 25 MPH.

SMALL HAIL AND WIND GUSTS UP TO 50 MPH ARE EXPECTED WITH THIS STORM.

LOCATIONS NEAR THE PATH OF THIS STORM INCLUDE...ABINGDON...LEBANON...
SHADY VALLEY...HARR...LAUREL BLOOMERY...HILANDER PARK...HOLSTON...
HANSONVILLE...DAMASCUS...LINDELL...EMORY-MEADOW VIEW...ROSEDALE AND
GLADE SPRING.

IN ADDITION TO SMALL HAIL AND GUSTY WINDS...FREQUENT CLOUD TO GROUND
LIGHTNING IS OCCURRING WITH THIS STORM. MOVE INDOORS IMMEDIATELY!
LIGHTNING IS ONE OF NATURES PRIMARY KILLERS ASSOCIATED WITH
THUNDERSTORMS. REMEMBER...IF YOU CAN HEAR THUNDER...YOU ARE CLOSE
ENOUGH TO BE STRUCK BY LIGHTNING.

!

Local storm report, Apr 25, 6:13 PM EDT, 21 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MORRISTOWN TN
613 PM EDT MON APR 25 2011

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0545 PM     HAIL             MADISONVILLE            35.52N 84.36W
04/25/2011  E0.50 INCH       MONROE             TN   PUBLIC

            DIME SIZED HAIL IN MADISONVILLE.

&&

FERRELL

Local storm report, Apr 25, 6:28 PM EDT, 6 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MORRISTOWN TN
628 PM EDT MON APR 25 2011

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0615 PM     TSTM WND GST     2 NW ALCOA              35.81N 84.00W
04/25/2011  M58 MPH          BLOUNT             TN   ASOS

&&

FERRELL

The office that day

Everything else NWS Morristown, TN issued on the same UTC day.

Issued	Product	Office	Counties	Lasted
Apr 25, 4:12 PM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MRX	Hawkins, Sullivan	48 min
Apr 25, 4:29 PM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MRX	Greene, Washington	31 min
Apr 25, 4:54 PM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MRX	Greene, Hawkins, Sullivan, Washington	51 min
Apr 25, 4:56 PM EDT	Areal Flood Advisory	MRX	Hawkins, Sullivan	2 hr
Apr 25, 4:56 PM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MRX	Carter, Sullivan, Washington	33 min
Apr 25, 5:36 PM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MRX	Blount, Loudon, Monroe	39 min
Apr 25, 5:38 PM EDT	Flash Flood Warning	MRX	Hawkins, Sullivan	3 hr
Apr 25, 6:04 PM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MRX	Anderson, Blount, Knox, Loudon, Roane	41 min
Apr 25, 7:05 PM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MRX	Claiborne, Union	55 min
Apr 25, 7:31 PM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MRX	Claiborne, Grainger, Hancock	44 min
Apr 25, 7:58 PM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MRX	Hawkins, Sullivan	47 min

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Tennessee, 2011 Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2011

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.