Alert archive / Nebraska / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2011

Severe Thunderstorm Warning 169, NWS North Platte, NE

June 26, 2011Wheeler County, Nebraska

NWS North Platte, NE issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Jun 26, 2011, 5:45 PM CDT for Wheeler County, Nebraska. It was in force for 15 min. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued: Jun 26, 2011, 5:45 PM CDT (22:45 UTC)
Expired: Jun 26, 2011, 6:00 PM CDT
In force: 15 min
Issued by: NWS North Platte, NE
Area: Storm-based polygon
Hail: 0.75 in
Wind: 70.0 mph

County Wheeler County, NE

The radar

The Grand Island radar (KUEX), 178 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 22:46 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

Did it verify

Not verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow found no qualifying storm report inside this severe thunderstorm warning while it was in force. That is not proof nothing happened: reports are thin where few people live.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The watch it was issued in

The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.

Issued	Product	Office	Lasted
Jun 26, 1:03 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Watch	SPC	7 hr

The nearest sounding before it

Omaha, NE (KOAX), launched 12:00Z, 10.8 hours before the alert went out and 178 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-p

Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.

Hodograph

The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.

Mixed-layer CAPE: 0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN: No buoyant parcel
Mixed-layer LCL: 859 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear: 47 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity: 26 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity: 38 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter: 0.0
Supercell composite: 0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

495 
WUUS53 KLBF 262245
SVRLBF
NEC183-262300-
/O.NEW.KLBF.SV.W.0169.110626T2245Z-110626T2300Z/

BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORTH PLATTE NE
545 PM CDT SUN JUN 26 2011

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN NORTH PLATTE HAS ISSUED A

* SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR...
  EASTERN WHEELER COUNTY IN NORTH CENTRAL NEBRASKA...

* UNTIL 600 PM CDT

* AT 543 PM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A
  LINE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS CAPABLE OF PRODUCING DESTRUCTIVE WINDS
  IN EXCESS OF 70 MPH.  THESE STORMS WERE LOCATED ALONG A LINE
  EXTENDING FROM 10 MILES EAST OF BARTLETT TO 5 MILES NORTH OF
  SPALDING...AND MOVING EAST AT 40 MPH.

* SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WILL AFFECT MAINLY RURAL AREAS OF EASTERN
  WHEELER COUNTY.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS PRODUCE DAMAGING WIND IN EXCESS OF 60 MILES PER
HOUR...DESTRUCTIVE HAIL...DEADLY LIGHTNING...AND VERY HEAVY RAIN. FOR
YOUR PROTECTION MOVE TO AN INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR OF YOUR
HOME OR BUSINESS. HEAVY RAINS FLOOD ROADS QUICKLY SO DO NOT DRIVE
INTO AREAS WHERE WATER COVERS THE ROAD.

&&

LAT...LON 4202 9830 4175 9830 4175 9843 4204 9846
TIME...MOT...LOC 2245Z 290DEG 35KT 4192 9833 4176 9832
WIND...HAIL 70MPH <.75IN

$$

HIRSCH

1 follow-up statement

503 
WWUS53 KLBF 262256
SVSLBF

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORTH PLATTE NE
556 PM CDT SUN JUN 26 2011

NEC183-262305-
/O.EXP.KLBF.SV.W.0169.000000T0000Z-110626T2300Z/
WHEELER NE-
556 PM CDT SUN JUN 26 2011

...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR EASTERN WHEELER COUNTY WILL
EXPIRE AT 600 PM CDT/500 PM MDT/...

THE LINE OF STORMS WHICH PROMPTED THE WARNING HAS MOVED OUT OF THE
WARNED AREA.  HOWEVER GUSTY WINDS ARE STILL POSSIBLE WITH THESE
THUNDERSTORMS.

LAT...LON 4202 9830 4175 9830 4175 9843 4204 9846
TIME...MOT...LOC 2255Z 290DEG 35KT 4189 9821 4173 9820

$$

HIRSCH

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS North Platte, NE wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at Jun 26, 3:18 PM CDT, 2 hours 27 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Jun 26, 3:18 PM CDT, 2 hours 27 minutes before

AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORTH PLATTE NE
318 PM CDT SUN JUN 26 2011

.SYNOPSIS...
AN MCS HAS RECENTLY DEVELOPED IN CHERRY COUNTY AND IS MOVING EAST
THROUGH BROWN COUNTY. VERY EFFICIENT INFLOW CONTINUES WITH SURFACE
DEWPOINTS IN THE UPPER 60S. SOUTHWEST NEBRASKA REMAINS CAPPED FOR
STORM DEVELOPMENT AS OF 20Z WITH A VERY WEAK CAP IN THE EASTERN
PANHANDLE...WHERE INITIATION REMAINS POSSIBLE.

&&

.SHORT TERM DISCUSSION (TONIGHT THROUGH WEDNESDAY)...

TONIGHT...THE UPPER LOW CURRENTLY LOCATED ACROSS CENTRAL
SASKATCHEWAN WILL DRAG A TROUGH ACROSS THE DAKOTAS/NEBRASKA THIS
EVENING/OVERNIGHT. A COLD FRONT WILL SWEEP SOUTHEAST THROUGH CENTRAL
NEBRASKA AFTER MIDNIGHT. ONGOING CLUSTER OF STRONG TO SEVERE STORMS
IN CHERRY COUNTY HAS RECENTLY BECOME OUTFLOW DOMINANT. THIS FORECAST
TO EVOLVE INTO AN MCS AND TRACK EAST SOUTHEAST NEAR 20 MPH. THE MOST
WIDESPREAD THREAT WILL BE VERY HEAVY RAINFALL WITH EVENING CONCERNS
FOR FLASH FLOODING AND LONGER TERM CONCERN FOR INCREASED FLOODING
ALONG THE ELKHORN RIVER BASIN. EXACT TRACK OF HEAVY RAINFALL MAY GO
JUST SOUTH OF THE BASIN. HOWEVER...IF AVERAGE RAINFALL EXCEEDS 1
INCH...THE RIVER WILL LIKELY RISES ABOVE FLOOD STAGE AT ATKINSON AND
MAY REMAIN SO THE NEXT 3-4 DAYS. FOR THIS EVENING STORMS ARE LIKELY
NEAR AND NORTH OF HWY 2. THE SOUTH AND SOUTHWEST WILL BE HINDERED
SOMEWHAT BY PESKY STRATUS STILL PERSISTING INTO THIS AFTERNOON.
THEREFORE...DEVELOPMENT/COVERAGE LOOKS TO BE SCATTERED AT BEST. MOST
OF THE ACTIVITY SHOULD DIMINISH OR END SOON AFTER MIDNIGHT WITH COLD
FRONT AND UPPER TROUGH ADVANCEMENT EASTWARD.

MONDAY/MONDAY NIGHT...MONDAY TO BE DRY AND COOLER WITH HIGHS 76 TO
81. WILL BE NORTHERLY AND BREEZY THROUGH EARLY AFTERNOON THEN WINDS
TO DIMINISH. A LOW LEVEL JET AND MODEST MOISTURE RETURN WILL BRING A
SLIGHT CHANCE FOR THUNDERSTORMS TO WEST CENTRAL AND SOUTHWEST
NEBRASKA MONDAY NIGHT AFTER MIDNIGHT.

TUESDAY/TUESDAY NIGHT... A RETURN SOUTHERLY FLOW WITH AN UPPER RIDGE
BUILDING ACROSS THE CENTRAL CONUS. A BREEZY SOUTH/SOUTHEAST WIND
WITH HIGHS NEAR 90 FAR SOUTHWEST TO THE LOWER 80S NORTHEAST. THEN
TUESDAY NIGHT...ELEVATED STORMS BE DEVELOP DUE TO INSTABILITY WITH
MUCAPES OF 1000-1500 J/KG AND A 45KT SOUTHERLY LOW LEVEL JET.

WEDNESDAY...A HOT DAY FORECAST WITH THERMAL RIDGE ESTABLISHED ACROSS
THE WESTERN HIGH PLAINS. AREAS IN THE WEST SHOULD TOP OUT IN THE
UPPER 90S...POSSIBLY 100. THE EAST WILL RANGE FROM 90 TO 95. UPPER
RIDGE WEDNESDAY WILL REACH ITS PEAK ACROSS CENTRAL CONUS AS UPPER
TROUGH ADVANCES INTO THE WESTERN GREAT BASIN.

EXTENDED DISCUSSION (THURSDAY THROUGH SUNDAY)

UPPER RIDGE BREAKDOWN WITH WARM AIR ADVECTION AND SOUTHWEST FLOW
ALOFT TO BRING A HOT DAY TO ALL OF WESTERN AND NORTH CENTRAL
NEBRASKA. HIGHS FROM 95 TO 101 FORECAST. GFS AND ECMWF INDICATING A
COLD FRONT TO PASS THURSDAY NIGHT. WILL MAINTAIN A SLIGHT CHANCE FOR
STORMS WITH DRY AND COOLER FRIDAY WITH HIGHS 85 TO 90.

WARMER SATURDAY AND SUNDAY WITH UPPER BUILD TO BUILD BACK IN.
FORECAST TO BE DRY..ALTHOUGH A FEW STORMS POSSIBLE WITH WEAK
BOUNDARY AND RIDGE RUNNER TYPE STORM DEVELOPMENT POSSIBLE. HIGHS
UPPER 80S TO MID 90S.

&&

.AVIATION...
UNSTABLE AIRMASS WILL LEAD TO WIDESPREAD THUNDERSTORMS...SOME
SEVERE...THIS EVENING OVER MUCH OF THE AREA...ESPECIALLY ACROSS
NORTHERN NEBRASKA. HAVE INCLUDED THUNDERSTORMS AT BOTH KVTN AND KLBF
TERMINAL FORECASTS...HOWEVER EXPECT AMENDMENTS TO ACCOUNT FOR TIMING
ADJUSTMENTS AS THUNDERSTORMS DEVELOP AND TIMING BECOMES MORE CLEAR.
OVERNIGHT THE CONVECTION WILL PUSH EAST...WITH A POSSIBLE BRIEF
PERIOD OF MVFR STRATUS. BY MID MORNING ANY STRATUS THAT DOES DEVELOP
ACROSS THE AREA WILL LIFT WITH VFR CONDITIONS THROUGH THE DAY ON
MONDAY.

&&

.HYDROLOGY...
FLOODING CONTINUES ALONG THE ELKHORN RIVER IN CENTRAL HOLT
COUNTY...WITH THE GAGE AT ATKINSON READING JUST ABOVE THE FLOOD
STAGE OF 7.5 FEET. REPORTS FROM ONEILL STILL REPORT WATER IN CARNEY
PARK...THUS HAVE EXTENDED THE WARNING TILL MONDAY MORNING. HEAVY
RAINFALL IS POSSIBLE THIS EVENING AND MAY CAUSE THE RIVER TO RISE
AND REMAIN ABOVE FLOOD STAGE BEYOND MONDAY MORNING. MEANWHILE
LITTLE CHANGE TO THE THE NORTH PLATTE AND PLATTE RIVER
FLOODING...HOWEVER CHANCE FOR HEAVY RAINFALL THIS EVENING/OVERNIGHT
AS A FRONT PUSHES ACROSS THE AREA. THIS MAY CAUSE A SLIGHT RISE
EARLY IN THE WEEK.

HEAVY RAINFALL IS POSSIBLE WITH STRONG TO SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS
EVENING. MOVEMENT SHOULD BE FAST ENOUGH TO PREVENT WIDESPREAD FLASH
FLOODING...HOWEVER SOME THUNDERSTORMS MAY TRACK OVER THE SAME
LOCATION. THUS WILL NEED TO MONITOR 3 AND 6 HOUR RAINFALL TOTALS.
LOWEST FF GUIDANCE NUMBERS ARE OVER SOUTHWEST NEB AND NORTH CENTRAL
NEB WITH 1.5 TO 2 INCHES.

&&

.LBF WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...NONE.

&&

SYNOPSIS/SHORT/LONG DISCUSSION...ROBERG
AVIATION/HYDROLOGY...MASEK

Hazardous weather outlook, Jun 26, 3:43 PM CDT, 2 hours 2 minutes before

HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORTH PLATTE NE
343 PM CDT SUN JUN 26 2011

NEZ004>010-022>029-035>038-056>059-069>071-094-272045-
SHERIDAN-EASTERN CHERRY-KEYA PAHA-BOYD-BROWN-ROCK-HOLT-GARDEN-
GRANT-HOOKER-THOMAS-BLAINE-LOUP-GARFIELD-WHEELER-ARTHUR-MCPHERSON-
LOGAN-CUSTER-DEUEL-KEITH-PERKINS-LINCOLN-CHASE-HAYES-FRONTIER-
WESTERN CHERRY-
343 PM CDT SUN JUN 26 2011 /243 PM MDT SUN JUN 26 2011/

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF WESTERN AND
NORTH CENTRAL NEBRASKA.

.DAY ONE...TONIGHT.

THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS EVENING
ACROSS MOST OF WESTERN AND NORTH CENTRAL NEBRASKA. THE MAIN AREA
OF CONCERN WILL BE ALONG AND NORTH OF INTERSTATE 80. LARGE HAIL
AND DAMAGING WINDS WILL BE THE PRIMARY THREAT...HOWEVER AN
ISOLATED TORNADO MAY BE POSSIBLE THIS EVENING. THERE IS ALSO A
RISK OF LOCALIZED VERY HEAVY RAIN.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...MONDAY THROUGH SATURDAY.

GENERAL SUMMER TIME THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE POSSIBLE AT TIMES
THROUGHOUT THE WEEK. AT THIS TIME THE FORECAST IS FOR A SLIGHT
CHANCE FOR THUNDERSTORMS MONDAY NIGHT...TUESDAY NIGHT...AND
FRIDAY NIGHT. A RIDGE OF HIGH PRESSURE RESULTING IN HOT
CONDITIONS WILL DEVELOP FOR WEDNESDAY AND THURSDAY. WIDESPREAD
HIGHS IN THE 9OS AND POSSIBLY TRIPLE DIGITS IN SOUTHWEST NEBRASKA
ARE EXPECTED.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SPOTTER ACTIVATION WILL PROBABLY BE NEEDED THIS EVENING.

&&

THIS PRODUCT IS NOW AVAILABLE...ALONG WITH OTHER WEATHER...
HYDROLOGICAL AND CLIMATOLOGICAL INFORMATION...AT
HTTP://WWW.WEATHER.GOV/NORTHPLATTE

MASEK

In the hours before

Local storm report, Jun 26, 3:23 PM CDT, 2 hours 22 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORTH PLATTE NE
323 PM CDT SUN JUN 26 2011

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0322 PM     HAIL             5 W AINSWORTH           42.55N 99.96W
06/26/2011  E0.50 INCH       BROWN              NE   PUBLIC

            50 MPH WIND GUSTS WERE ALSO REPORTED.

&&

JSWEET

Local storm report, Jun 26, 3:39 PM CDT, 2 hours 6 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORTH PLATTE NE
339 PM CDT SUN JUN 26 2011

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0322 PM     HEAVY RAIN       29 S VALENTINE          42.45N 100.55W
06/26/2011  M1.53 INCH       CHERRY             NE   PUBLIC

&&

JSWEET

Local storm report, Jun 26, 4:29 PM CDT, 1 hour 16 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORTH PLATTE NE
429 PM CDT SUN JUN 26 2011

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0428 PM     HAIL             8 WSW AMELIA            42.19N 99.10W
06/26/2011  E2.75 INCH       HOLT               NE   CO-OP OBSERVER

&&

JSWEET

Local storm report, Jun 26, 4:32 PM CDT, 1 hour 13 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORTH PLATTE NE
432 PM CDT SUN JUN 26 2011

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0423 PM     TSTM WND GST     6 S ATKINSON            42.44N 98.98W
06/26/2011  E70 MPH          HOLT               NE   TRAINED SPOTTER

            SPOTTER ESTIMATED 60 TO 70 MPH WINDS 6 MILES SOUTH OF
            ATKINSON.

&&

CARMEL

Local storm report, Jun 26, 5:17 PM CDT, 28 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORTH PLATTE NE
517 PM CDT SUN JUN 26 2011

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0515 PM     HEAVY RAIN       8 WSW AMELIA            42.19N 99.10W
06/26/2011  M1.51 INCH       HOLT               NE   CO-OP OBSERVER

            1.51 INCHES OF RAINFALL SO FAR AS REPORTED BY COOP
            OBSERVER. HEAVY RAINFALL CONTINUED AT TIME OF THIS
            REPORT.

&&

CARMEL

Local storm report, Jun 26, 5:34 PM CDT, 11 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORTH PLATTE NE
534 PM CDT SUN JUN 26 2011

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0528 PM     FUNNEL CLOUD     BARTLETT                41.88N 98.55W
06/26/2011                   WHEELER            NE   EMERGENCY MNGR

            PUBLIC REPORT OF A FUNNEL CLOUD 5 MILES SOUTH OF
            BARTLETT. REPORT RELAYED BY EMERGENCY MANAGER.

&&

CARMEL

The office that day

Everything else NWS North Platte, NE issued on the same UTC day.

Issued	Product	Office	Counties	Lasted
Jun 25, 8:32 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	LBF	Cherry	43 min
Jun 25, 9:40 PM CDT	Areal Flood Advisory	LBF	Cherry	3 hr
Jun 25, 10:08 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	LBF	Deuel	52 min
Jun 26, 12:20 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	LBF	Garden	25 min
Jun 26, 12:44 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	LBF	Arthur, Garden, Grant	31 min
Jun 26, 1:15 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	LBF	Arthur, Grant	30 min
Jun 26, 1:25 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	LBF	Blaine, Brown, Loup, Rock	65 min
Jun 26, 1:44 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	LBF	Grant	29 min
Jun 26, 2:42 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	LBF	Cherry, Sheridan	63 min
Jun 26, 7:17 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	LBF	Cherry	58 min
Jun 26, 12:07 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	LBF	Cherry, Sheridan	38 min
Jun 26, 12:42 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	LBF	Cherry	48 min
Jun 26, 1:29 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	LBF	Cherry	46 min
Jun 26, 1:37 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	LBF	Cherry	38 min
Jun 26, 2:02 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	LBF	Cherry	43 min
Jun 26, 2:14 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	LBF	Cherry	46 min
Jun 26, 2:58 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	LBF	Brown, Cherry	47 min
Jun 26, 3:18 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	LBF	Brown, Rock	42 min
Jun 26, 4:25 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	LBF	Garfield, Holt, Wheeler	50 min
Jun 26, 4:32 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	LBF	Garfield, Wheeler	28 min
Jun 26, 4:36 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	LBF	Boyd, Holt	39 min
Jun 26, 4:52 PM CDT	Areal Flood Advisory	LBF	Garfield, Holt, Wheeler	6 hr
Jun 26, 4:58 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	LBF	Garfield, Wheeler	32 min
Jun 26, 5:07 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	LBF	Boyd, Holt	38 min
Jun 26, 5:13 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	LBF	Garfield, Holt, Wheeler	32 min
Jun 26, 5:59 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	LBF	Sheridan	61 min
Jun 26, 6:38 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	LBF	Sheridan	52 min

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Nebraska, 2011 Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2011

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.