Alert archive / Mississippi / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2011

Severe Thunderstorm Warning 182, NWS Jackson, MS

April 15, 2011Hinds County, Madison County, Mississippi

NWS Jackson, MS issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Apr 15, 2011, 10:12 AM CDT for Hinds County, Madison County, Mississippi. It was in force for 63 min. 13 reports came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Apr 15, 2011, 10:12 AM CDT (15:12 UTC)
Expired
Apr 15, 2011, 11:15 AM CDT
In force
63 min
Issued by
NWS Jackson, MS
Area
Storm-based polygon

Counties Hinds County, MS, Madison County, MS

The radar

The Jackson/Brandon,MS radar (KDGX), 36 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 15:16 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Apr 15, 10:40 AM CDTTSTM WND DMGBolton, MSTREE DOWNED ACROSS CHAMPION HILL RD NEAR BOLTON
Apr 15, 10:50 AM CDTHAIL 0.75Clinton, MSREPORTED ALONG US HIGHWAY 80
Apr 15, 10:51 AM CDTTORNADO 34 Sw Clinton, MS*** 10 INJ *** EF3 DAMAGE SURVEYED WITH MAXIMUM WINDS OF 140 MPH ESTIMATED...PATH LENGTH 17 MILES AND A MAX WIDTH OF .3 MILES. TORNADO BEGAN ALONG AIRPORT ROAD SE OF CLINTON AND MOVED NE ACROSS I-20...HIGHWAY 80...I-220 AND I-55. EXTENSIVE TORNADO DAMAGE...NUM
Apr 15, 10:55 AM CDTTORNADO3 Sw Jackson, MSREPORTS OF TORNADO ON THE GROUND JUST SOUTH OF INTERSTATE 20 AT REYNOLDS AND MCRAVEN ROAD. TREES AND POWER LINES DOWN AND POSSIBLE HOUSE DAMAGE.
Apr 15, 10:55 AM CDTTORNADOClinton, MSCORRECTED LOCATION...REPORTS OF TORNADO ON THE GROUND JUST SOUTH OF INTERSTATE 20 AT REYNOLDS AND MCRAVEN ROAD. TREES AND POWER LINES DOWN AND POSSIBLE HOUSE DAMAGE.
Apr 15, 10:57 AM CDTTORNADO 3Clinton, MS*** 10 INJ *** UPDATE...LOW END EF3 DAMAGE SURVEYED WITH MAXIMUM WINDS OF 140 MPH ESTIMATED. EXTENSIVE TORNADO DAMAGE... NUMEROUS BUSINESSES AND HOMES WITH SIGNIFICANT DAMAGE... CARS FLIPPED...TREES AND POWERLINES DOWN...EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AND MEDIA REPORTS
Apr 15, 10:57 AM CDTTORNADO2 Ne Ridgeland, MSRESERVOIR TOWER REPORTS TORNADO PASSING ACROSS THE RESERVOIR TO THEIR NORTH
Apr 15, 10:57 AM CDTTORNADO3 Nnw Jackson, MSTREES AND POWERLINES DOWN
Apr 15, 10:57 AM CDTTORNADOClinton, MSROOF BLOWN OFF A BANK IN CLINTON
Apr 15, 11:05 AM CDTTORNADO1 Nnw Jackson, MSJACKSON TOWER REPORTS A TORNADO WAS SEEN FROM HAWKINS FIELD
Apr 15, 11:12 AM CDTTORNADO5 Nw Flowood, MSTORNADO DAMAGE IN AREA INCLUDING CARS REPORTED FLIPPED
Apr 15, 11:20 AM CDTTORNADORidgeland, MSSEVERAL TREES REPORTED DOWN IN TOWN. PROBABLE TORNADO
Apr 15, 11:22 AM CDTTORNADO 12 E Ridgeland, MSTHIS TORNADO DEVELOPED OVER THE ROSS BARNETT RESERVOIR AND TRAVELED NORTHEAST COMING ASHORE IN RANKIN COUNTY TO THE WSW OF GOSHEN SPRINGS. TREES AND LARGE LIMBS WERE DOWN...SOME OF WHICH FELL ON TRAILERS IN A HUNTING CAMP. THERE WERE ALSO SEVERAL SOURCES OF VI

Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.

Did it verify

Verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow matched one storm report to this severe thunderstorm warning; the first came 28 minutes after it went out.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The watch it was issued in

The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.

IssuedProductOfficeLasted
Apr 15, 7:32 AM CDTTornado WatchSPC7 hr

The nearest sounding before it

Jackson, MS (KJAN), launched 12:00Z, 3.2 hours before the alert went out and 26 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Jackson, MS at 12:00Z on 2011-04-15Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 1458 joules per kilogram.LCLEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Jackson, MS at 12:00Z on 2011-04-15The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 382 square meters per square second.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1458 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
523 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
59 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
382 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
565 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
4.0
Supercell composite
14.6

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

811 
WUUS54 KJAN 151512
SVRJAN
MSC049-089-151615-
/O.NEW.KJAN.SV.W.0182.110415T1512Z-110415T1615Z/

BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE JACKSON MS
1012 AM CDT FRI APR 15 2011

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN JACKSON HAS ISSUED A

* SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR...
  HINDS COUNTY IN CENTRAL MISSISSIPPI...
  THIS INCLUDES THE CITIES OF...BYRAM...JACKSON...CLINTON...
  SOUTHWESTERN MADISON COUNTY IN CENTRAL MISSISSIPPI...
  THIS INCLUDES THE CITIES OF...RIDGELAND...MADISON...

* UNTIL 1115 AM CDT

* AT 1012 AM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE METEOROLOGISTS DETECTED A
  SEVERE THUNDERSTORM CAPABLE OF PRODUCING GOLF BALL SIZE HAIL...AND
  DESTRUCTIVE WINDS IN EXCESS OF 70 MPH.  THIS STORM WAS LOCATED 10
  MILES SOUTHWEST OF EDWARDS MOVING EAST AT 45 MPH.

* OTHER LOCATIONS IN THE WARNING INCLUDE BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO DRY
  GROVE...BOLTON...RAYMOND...BROWNSVILLE...FLORA...POCAHONTAS...
  ANNANDALE AND GLUCKSTADT

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

WINDS OF 70 MPH CAN SERIOUSLY DAMAGE MOBILE HOMES AND OUTBUILDINGS...
AND CAUSE ROOF DAMAGE TO WELL BUILT HOMES AND STRUCTURES. NUMEROUS
DOWNED TREES MAY OCCUR...POSSIBLY RESULTING IN SERIOUS INJURY AND
PROPERTY DAMAGE.

THE HAIL BEING PRODUCED BY THIS SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WILL LIKELY
DAMAGE CARS AND ROOFS. PEOPLE WHO ARE OUT OF DOORS SHOULD MOVE INSIDE
A STRUCTURE IMMEDIATELY.

A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 300 PM CDT FRIDAY AFTERNOON
FOR NORTHEAST LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI.

&&

LAT...LON 3240 9062 3245 9059 3248 9060 3250 9058
      3263 9010 3241 9006 3231 9015 3230 9018
      3226 9020 3220 9018 3218 9023 3216 9024
      3209 9064
TIME...MOT...LOC 1512Z 255DEG 40KT 3228 9069

$$

BYB

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Jackson, MS wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at Apr 15, 7:50 AM CDT, 2 hours 22 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Apr 15, 7:50 AM CDT, 2 hours 22 minutes before
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION...UPDATE
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE JACKSON MS
750 AM CDT FRI APR 15 2011

...SEVERE WEATHER OUTBREAK EXPECTED TODAY...

.UPDATE...PRODUCTS UPDATED TO REFLECT TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 140
ISSUED FOR THE SOUTHEASTERN HALF TO TWO-THIRD OF THE ARKLAMISS
THROUGH 2 PM. TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 139 STILL REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR
THE REST OF THE NORTHWESTERN SECTION OF THE FORECAST AREA.
CONSIDERING TRENDS AND FORECAST EXPECTATIONS IT IS DEFINITELY
POSSIBLE THE SEVERE WEATHER RISK WILL EXTEND BEYOND 2 PM IN PORTIONS
OF EASTERN MISSISSIPPI. /BB/

&&

.DISCUSSION... SHORT TERM (FRIDAY THROUGH SUNDAY)...FOCUS WILL
CENTER ON INCREASING CONCERN FOR A DANGEROUS SEVERE WEATHER OUTBREAK
TO UNFOLD TODAY. THE POTENTIAL EXISTS FOR CYCLIC AND STRONG
TORNADOES...HAIL TO THE SIZE OF BASEBALLS...AND DAMAGING STRAIGHT
LINE WINDS UP TO 80 MPH. A TORNADO WATCH IS CURRENTLY IN EFFECT UNTIL
10AM ACROSS WESTERN AND NORTHERN AREAS OF THE CWA. CERTAINLY
ANTICIPATE AN ADDITIONAL WATCH FOR MUCH OF THE AREA LATER THIS
MORNING THROUGH THE AFTERNOON AND EARLY EVENING.

AS OF 330AM...A SEVERE LINE OF THUNDERSTORMS WAS LOCATED ACROSS
EASTERN ARKANSAS AND STRETCHING SW INTO NW LOUISIANA AND TRAILING
BACK INTO SE TEXAS. NUMEROUS REPORTS OF DAMAGING WINDS AND TORNADOES
HAVE AND WILL CONTINUE TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH THIS LINE AS IT
PROGRESSES TOWARDS THE ARKLAMISS DELTA REGION BY 5 AM. LATEST SURFACE
ANALYSIS DEPICTS NEARLY 1000 J/KG SBCAPE AHEAD OF LINE WITH 50 TO 60
KT EFFECTIVE SHEAR SUPPORTING LARGE BOWING SEGMENTS AND TORNADOES
ALONG THE LINE. A WEDGE OF MID TO UPPER 60 DEWPOINTS CURRENTLY
LOCATED ACROSS CENTRAL AND WESTERN MISSISSIPPI AND ALL OF LOUISIANA
WILL CONTINUE TO SURGE NORTHWARD ON AN ACCELERATING LLJ OF 50 TO 60
KT. WITH SFC WINDS BACKED TO SSE...SOUTHERLY 50KT H85 WINDS...AND
CYCLONICALLY CURVED 70 KT H5 WINDS FROM THE SW... EFFECTIVE SHEAR
VALUES OF 50 TO 60 WILL BE IN PLACE TO SUPPORT VIGOROUS CONVECTION
AND STRONG ROTATING UPDRAFTS THIS MORNING AND ESPECIALLY THIS
AFTERNOON ACROSS MUCH OF THE ARKLAMISS.

AS FAR AS EVENT EVOLUTION IS CONCERNED...A DANGEROUS SEVERE LINE OF
THUNDERSTORMS WILL IMPACT THAT ARKLAMISS DELTA REGION OVER THE NEXT
COUPLE OF HOURS. THIS LINE WILL CONTINUE ACROSS PORTIONS OF THE
HIGHWAY 82 CORRIDOR THROUGH THE EARLY MORNING HOURS AS IT TRANSLATES
EASTWARD. THE LINE COULD BECOME MORE BROKEN IN NATURE AND SLOW WHILE
TRAILING BACK TO THE SW INTO SOUTH-CENTRAL LOUISIANA AS SUPPORTIVE
VORTICITY LOBE MOVES NE AWAY FROM CONVECTIVE COMPLEX. DAMAGING
WINDS...TORNADOES...AND HAIL WILL ALL BE POSSIBLE WITH THIS
CONVECTION ACROSS THE ARKLAMISS DELTA AND ALONG HIGHWAY 82 CORRIDOR.
BY THE MID MORNING HOURS...SBCAPE WILL SUBSTANTIALLY INCREASE TO
1500-2000 J/KG AND 0-1 KM SRH OF 200-300 M2/S2 WILL SETUP ALONG AND
SOUTH OF LOCATIONS NOT AFFECTED BY EARLIER CONVECTION. LOCATIONS
ALONG AND SOUTH OF NATCHEZ TRACE...AND SOUTH OF A POSSIBLE COLD POOL
BOUNDARY WITH HAVE A SIGNIFICANT RISK OF DISCRETE AND POTENTIALLY
LONG-LIVED SUPERCELL DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINMENT IN AN UNSTABLE AND
HIGHLY UPPER-LVL DIVERGENT ENVIRONMENT AS ANOTHER VORT LOBE AND
UPPER JET STREAK ROTATE THROUGH THE BASE OF THE H5 TROUGH. PER LOCAL
HI-RES WRF AND HRRR OUTPUT AND OVERALL ENVIRONMENT...SEVERAL
ROUNDS OF SUPERCELLS AND BOWING SEGMENTS APPEAR POSSIBLE ACROSS THE
REGION. SEVERE WEATHER RISKS WITH THESE SUPERCELLS INCLUDE
TORNADOES...SOME POSSIBLY STRONG AND CYCLIC...LARGE HAIL TO THE SIZE
OF BASEBALLS...AND DAMAGING WINDS UP TO 80 MPH.

SEVERE WEATHER RISK WILL END WITH THE PASSAGE OF THE DRYLINE FROM
WEST TO EAST. PLEASE SEE GRAPHICASTS FOR ESTIMATED SEVERE WEATHER
TIMING AND ENDING. THE ENTIRE REGION WILL BE CLEAR OF SEVERE WEATHER
RISK BY 10 PM THIS EVENING. PLEASE STAY ALERT TO RAPIDLY CHANGING
CONDITIONS THROUGH THIS AFTERNOON AND EVENING. WINDS WILL BE GUSTY
ON THE BACK SIDE OF THE DRYLINE AS CLEARING WILL TAKE PLACE. WIND
GUSTS UP TO 30 MPH FROM THE WEST WILL BE POSSIBLE...ESPECIALLY FOR
THE ARKLAMISS DELTA REGION AND AREA LAKES.

MUCH QUIETER AND PLEASANT CONDITIONS ARE EXPECTED FOR SATURDAY AND
SUNDAY. MORNING LOWS FOR THE WEEKEND WILL BE IN THE MID TO UPPER 40S
WITH HIGHS TOPPING OUT NEAR 70 ON SATURDAY WITH SOME STRATOCUMULUS
CLOUDS PIVOTING ACROSS HIGHWAY 82 CORRIDOR AND INTO THE UPPER 70S ON
SUNDAY UNDER SUNNY SKIES ACROSS THE ENTIRE REGION.

CONCERNING OTHER FORECAST MATTERS...TEMPERATURES AND DEWPOINTS WERE
MASSAGED UPWARDS IN THE SHORT TERM GIVEN CURRENT OBSERVATIONS AND
TRENDS. MAX HIGH TEMPERATURE WAS INCREASED SLIGHTLY AS MUCH OF THE
REGION IS HOVERING AROUND THE 70 DEGREE MARK WITH ANTICIPATION OF
PARTIAL EROSION OF STRATUS DECK AND DESPITE OVERSPREADING OF ANVIL
CIRRUS. INCREASED HIGH TEMPS A COUPLE OF DEGREES ON SUNDAY GIVEN
SOLID WARM AIR ADVECTION AND CLEAR SKIES. POPS WERE INCREASED FOR
THIS MORNING ACROSS THE ARKLAMISS DELTA AND UPPED FOR MUCH OF THE
REGION...EXCLUDING THE EXTREME SOUTHWEST...FOR THIS
AFTERNOON/EVENING PERIOD. POPS WERE REDUCED ALONG AND WEST OF I-55
AFTER 0Z TONIGHT BEHIND TO DRYLINE/FRONT./ALLEN/

&&

LONGER TERM (SUNDAY THROUGH SATURDAY)...A FLATTER ZONAL FLOW PATTERN
ACROSS THE CONUS SHOULD KEEP STORM SYSTEM MOVING RIGHT ALONG FOR MUCH
OF NEXT WEEK. SURFACE HIGH(1020MB) OVER AL EARLY SUNDAY WILL MOVE OFF
SRN GA COAST BY MONDAY ALLOWING ANOTHER QUICK RETURN FLOW PATTERN TO
SET UP STARTING SUNDAY NIGHT FOR THE LOWER MS VALLEY. NEAR NORMAL
TEMPERATURES ON SUNDAY WILL REVERT TO ABOVE NORMAL FOR MOST OF THE
WEEK PER ENSEMBLE AND MEX GUIDANCE.

SEVERAL MID LEVEL SHORTWAVES WILL BE RACING THROUGH THE FLOW IN THE
CENTRAL AND ERN CONUS. IN RESPONSE...DEEP MOISTURE WILL INCREASE
OVER OUR CWFA PROBABLY IN ABOUT 2 TO 3 DAY INTERVALS...THE FIRST
BEING ON TUESDAY...THEN THURSDAY AND FINALLY SATURDAY. THE POSITION
OF A QUASI-STATIONARY FRONTAL SYSTEM OVER THE MID SOUTH OR GULF
STATES WILL BE KEY TO FOCUSING RAINFALL DURING THE WEEK.  MODEL
CONSENSUS MOVES A PLAINS LOW ACROSS THE OZARKS HEADING NEWD TUESDAY
DRAGGING A COLD FRONT TOWARD OUR CWA TUESDAY NIGHT INTO WEDNESDAY AS
IT STALLS OUT. THE STALLING FRONT GETS STUCK UNDER PREVAILING SWLY
FLOW ALOFT SO UNCERTAINTY IN THESE FEATURES WILL BE ABOVE NORMAL.
ANY QPF SHOULD INITIALLY BE UNDER ONE INCH BEFORE MID WEEK HOWEVER
PATTERN SUGGESTS A HEAVY RAINFALL EPISODE COULD BE SETTING UP FOR
THE TN VALLEY/MID SOUTH OR GULF STATES BY THE END OF NEXT WEEK. /40

&&

.AVIATION...VFR TO MVFR CONDITIONS ARE CURRENTLY ONGOING BUT THAT
WILL QUICKLY CHANGE FOR KGLH AND KGWO THROUGH THE NEXT HALF HOUR AND
OVER THE NEXT COUPLE OF HOURS AS A SEVERE LINE OF THUNDERSTORMS WILL
SWEEP ACROSS THE HIGHWAY 82 CORRIDOR. +TSRA WITH VISIBILITIES DOWN
BELOW ONE MILE...1-2 KFT CEILINGS ACCOMPANIED BY POTENTIALLY DAMAGING
WINDS OF 60 TO 70 MPH WILL BE POSSIBLE THROUGH 6AM FOR THESE TWO TAF
SITES. FARTHER SOUTH...BKN 2 KFT STRATUS CEILINGS WILL AFFECT SITES
THROUGH THE EARLY MORNING HOURS BEFORE MIXING OUT TO SCT TO FEW AND
BECOMING VFR FOR PORTIONS OF THE LATE MORNING AND AFTERNOON. SEVERE
THUNDERSTORMS ARE EXPECTED ACROSS THE AREA TODAY INCLUDING THE
POTENTIAL FOR TORNADOES...HAIL...AND STRONG WINDS. IFR TO LIFR
CONDITIONS WILL CERTAINLY BE POSSIBLE INVOF AND IN THUNDERSTORMS.
SHOWER AND THUNDERSTORM ACTIVITY WILL SHIFT OUT OF THE REGION BY THIS
EVENING./ALLEN/

&&
.PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS...
JACKSON       80  47  71  45 /  81  17   8   0
MERIDIAN      82  49  71  42 /  79  50  10   0
VICKSBURG     81  48  72  42 /  52  13   8   0
HATTIESBURG   85  49  75  46 /  80  48   8   0
NATCHEZ       80  47  72  44 /  51  13   5   0
GREENVILLE    79  49  69  45 /  82  15  10   0
GREENWOOD     79  47  69  44 /  79  13  10   0

&&

.JAN WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
MS...NONE.
LA...NONE.
AR...NONE.
&&

ALLEN/40/BB
Hazardous weather outlook, Apr 15, 4:21 AM CDT, 5 hours 51 minutes before
HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE JACKSON MS
421 AM CDT FRI APR 15 2011

ARZ074-075-LAZ007>009-015-016-023>026-MSZ018-019-025>028-034>036-
040>042-047-160930-
ASHLEY-CHICOT-MOREHOUSE-WEST CARROLL-EAST CARROLL-RICHLAND-
MADISON LA-FRANKLIN LA-CATAHOULA-TENSAS-CONCORDIA-BOLIVAR-
SUNFLOWER-LEFLORE-GRENADA-CARROLL-MONTGOMERY-WASHINGTON-HUMPHREYS-
HOLMES-ISSAQUENA-SHARKEY-YAZOO-WARREN-
421 AM CDT FRI APR 15 2011

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR NORTHEAST LOUISIANA...SOUTHEAST
ARKANSAS...AND NORTHWEST MISSISSIPPI.

.DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT

A LINE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE CROSSING LOCATIONS WEST OF A
LINE FROM TALLULAH LOUISIANA TO WINONA MISSISSIPPI THIS MORNING.
INITIALLY... THE PRIMARY THREAT WITH THESE SEVERE STORMS WILL BE
DAMAGING WINDS OF 70 MPH AND HAIL TO THE SIZE OF HALF DOLLARS. THIS
LINE SHOULD GRADUALLY BREAK UP DURING THE MID MORNING HOURS WITH A
RISK OF SEVERE WEATHER CONTINUING AND INCLUDING TORNADOES...DAMAGING
WINDS OF 75 MPH...AND HAIL TO THE SIZE OF GOLFBALLS POSSIBLE. THE
MAIN RISK SHOULD SHIFT TO THE SOUTHEAST DURING THE MIDDAY HOURS AND
END COMPLETELY BEFORE MID AFTERNOON AS A COLD FRONT SWEEPS THROUGH
THE AREA.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...SATURDAY THROUGH THURSDAY

THE PROBABILITY OF WIDESPREAD HAZARDOUS WEATHER IS LOW.

.SPOTTER CALL TO ACTION STATEMENT...
THE ACTIVATION OF STORM SPOTTERS...HAM RADIO OPERATORS...AND
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL IN SUPPORT OF SEVERE WEATHER
OPERATIONS...WILL CONTINUE THROUGH MOST OF THE MORNING HOURS BUT
SHOULD NOT BE NEEDED AFTER ABOUT 3 PM.

MSZ029>033-037>039-043>046-048>066-072>074-160930-
WEBSTER-CLAY-LOWNDES-CHOCTAW-OKTIBBEHA-ATTALA-WINSTON-NOXUBEE-
MADISON MS-LEAKE-NESHOBA-KEMPER-HINDS-RANKIN-SCOTT-NEWTON-
LAUDERDALE-CLAIBORNE-COPIAH-SIMPSON-SMITH-JASPER-CLARKE-JEFFERSON-
ADAMS-FRANKLIN MS-LINCOLN-LAWRENCE-JEFFERSON DAVIS-COVINGTON-
JONES-MARION-LAMAR-FORREST-
421 AM CDT FRI APR 15 2011

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR CENTRAL AND EAST MISSISSIPPI.

.DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT

AN OUTBREAK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IS EXPECTED ACROSS THE REGION
TODAY. A LINE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS MOVING IN FROM THE WEST THIS
MORNING SHOULD BEGIN BREAKING UP ROUGHLY ALONG THE NATCHEZ TRACE
PARKWAY CORRIDOR BEFORE NOONTIME. THEN...SCATTERED SEVERE SUPERCELLS
ARE EXPECTED TO FORM DURING THE MIDDAY AND EARLY AFTERNOON HOURS
ESPECIALLY IMPACTING EAST CENTRAL AND SOUTH MISSISSIPPI. AT THIS
POINT...THERE WILL BE AN ENHANCED RISK OF TORNADOES...WHICH COULD BE
STRONG...DAMAGING WINDS TO 80 MPH... AND HAIL UP TO THE SIZE OF
BASEBALLS. THE MOST LIKELY TIME FOR THESE STORMS WILL BE FROM NOON TO
800 PM.

THE THREAT OF SEVERE WEATHER WILL END FROM NORTHWEST TO SOUTHEAST
LATE THIS AFTERNOON AND EARLY EVENING AS A COLD FRONT SWEEPS EAST OF
THE AREA.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...SATURDAY THROUGH THURSDAY

THE PROBABILITY OF WIDESPREAD HAZARDOUS WEATHER IS LOW.

.SPOTTER CALL TO ACTION STATEMENT...
THE ACTIVATION OF STORM SPOTTERS...HAM RADIO OPERATORS...AND
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL IN SUPPORT OF SEVERE WEATHER
OPERATIONS...WILL BE NEEDED THROUGH EARLY TONIGHT.

FOR MORE INFORMATION PLEASE VISIT OUR WEBSITE AT
WWW.SRH.NOAA.GOV/JAN. THIS INCLUDES THE GRAPHICAL HAZARDOUS
WEATHER OUTLOOK.

40

In the hours before

Local storm report, Apr 15, 8:27 AM CDT, 1 hour 45 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE JACKSON MS
827 AM CDT FRI APR 15 2011

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0802 AM     TSTM WND GST     TRANSYLVANIA            32.68N 91.18W
04/15/2011  E55.00 MPH       EAST CARROLL       LA   PUBLIC

            PENNY SIZE HAIL WAS ALSO REPORTED

&&

DL
Local storm report, Apr 15, 8:48 AM CDT, 1 hour 24 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT...SUMMARY
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE JACKSON MS
848 AM CDT FRI APR 15 2011

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0515 AM     TSTM WND DMG     LAMONT                  33.54N 91.08W
04/15/2011                   WASHINGTON         MS   PUBLIC

            MINOR DAMAGE TO THE ROOF OF A SHOP NEAR THE
            WASHINGTON/BOLIVAR COUNTY BORDER

0515 AM     TSTM WND DMG     PARKDALE                33.12N 91.55W
04/15/2011                   ASHLEY             AR   LAW ENFORCEMENT

            TREES WERE DOWNED ALONG AR HIGHWAY 8 IN PARKDALE

0540 AM     TSTM WND DMG     4 NNE BASTROP           32.83N 91.88W
04/15/2011                   MOREHOUSE          LA   LAW ENFORCEMENT

            TREES WERE DOWNED IN THE LOG CABIN AREA

0600 AM     TSTM WND DMG     4 W OAK GROVE           32.86N 91.47W
04/15/2011                   WEST CARROLL       LA   LAW ENFORCEMENT

            TREES WERE DOWNED WEST OF OAK GROVE

0610 AM     TSTM WND GST     ESTILL                  33.22N 90.87W
04/15/2011  E60.00 MPH       WASHINGTON         MS   TRAINED SPOTTER

            ESTIMATED 50 TO 60 MPH WINDS ALONG US HIGHWAY 61 BETWEN
            HOLLANDALE AND ARCOLA

0610 AM     TSTM WND DMG     OAK GROVE               32.86N 91.39W
04/15/2011                   WEST CARROLL       LA   LAW ENFORCEMENT

            SEVERAL TREES DOWN IN THE OAK GROVE AREA...SOME BLOCKING
            ROADWAYS

0613 AM     TSTM WND DMG     MINTER CITY             33.75N 90.29W
04/15/2011                   LEFLORE            MS   EMERGENCY MNGR

            UPDATE...ONE TRAILER WAS DESTROYED AND ANOTHER LOST THE
            ROOF AND SKIRTING. MULTIPLE TREES AND POWER LINES
            DOWNED...AND FENCES WERE DOWNED IN THE AREA.

0625 AM     TSTM WND DMG     4 S GLEN ALLAN          32.96N 91.03W
04/15/2011                   ISSAQUENA          MS   LAW ENFORCEMENT

            A ROOF WAS BLOWN OFF A MOBILE HOME

0630 AM     TSTM WND DMG     GREENWOOD               33.52N 90.19W
04/15/2011                   LEFLORE            MS   EMERGENCY MNGR

            SEVERAL TREES DOWNED ACROSS LEFLORE COUNTY

0655 AM     TSTM WND DMG     GRENADA                 33.78N 89.81W
04/15/2011                   GRENADA            MS   EMERGENCY MNGR

            5 TREES DOWN IN THE CITY OF GRENADA...REPORTS ALSO
            STARTING TO COME IN FROM THE COUNTY

0700 AM     TSTM WND DMG     GRENADA                 33.78N 89.81W
04/15/2011                   GRENADA            MS   LAW ENFORCEMENT

            A TREE WAS DOWNED ALONG JACKSON AVE...AND A LIGHT POLE
            WAS PARTIALLY LEANING

0700 AM     TSTM WND DMG     3 SSE GRENADA           33.73N 89.79W
04/15/2011                   GRENADA            MS   LAW ENFORCEMENT

            A TREE WAS DOWNED ALONG KOPPERS DR

0802 AM     TSTM WND GST     TRANSYLVANIA            32.68N 91.18W
04/15/2011  E55.00 MPH       EAST CARROLL       LA   PUBLIC

            PENNY SIZE HAIL WAS ALSO REPORTED

&&

DL
Local storm report, Apr 15, 9:03 AM CDT, 1 hour 9 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE JACKSON MS
903 AM CDT FRI APR 15 2011

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0853 AM     HAIL             2 E WEST                33.20N 89.75W
04/15/2011  E1.25 INCH       ATTALA             MS   EMERGENCY MNGR

&&
Special weather statement, Apr 15, 9:38 AM CDT, 34 minutes before
SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE JACKSON MS
938 AM CDT FRI APR 15 2011

ARZ074-075-LAZ007>009-015-016-023>026-MSZ018-019-025>066-072>074-
152145-
ASHLEY-CHICOT-MOREHOUSE-WEST CARROLL-EAST CARROLL-RICHLAND-
MADISON LA-FRANKLIN LA-CATAHOULA-TENSAS-CONCORDIA-BOLIVAR-
SUNFLOWER-LEFLORE-GRENADA-CARROLL-MONTGOMERY-WEBSTER-CLAY-LOWNDES-
CHOCTAW-OKTIBBEHA-WASHINGTON-HUMPHREYS-HOLMES-ATTALA-WINSTON-
NOXUBEE-ISSAQUENA-SHARKEY-YAZOO-MADISON MS-LEAKE-NESHOBA-KEMPER-
WARREN-HINDS-RANKIN-SCOTT-NEWTON-LAUDERDALE-CLAIBORNE-COPIAH-
SIMPSON-SMITH-JASPER-CLARKE-JEFFERSON-ADAMS-FRANKLIN MS-LINCOLN-
LAWRENCE-JEFFERSON DAVIS-COVINGTON-JONES-MARION-LAMAR-FORREST-
INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...CROSSETT...NORTH CROSSETT...HAMBURG...
WEST CROSSETT...DERMOTT...LAKE VILLAGE...EUDORA...BASTROP...
OAK GROVE...EPPS...LAKE PROVIDENCE...RAYVILLE...DELHI...
TALLULAH...WINNSBORO...JONESVILLE...HARRISONBURG...NEWELLTON...
ST. JOSEPH...WATERPROOF...VIDALIA...FERRIDAY...WEST FERRIDAY...
CLEVELAND...INDIANOLA...RULEVILLE...GREENWOOD...GRENADA...
VAIDEN...NORTH CARROLLTON...CARROLLTON...WINONA...EUPORA...
MABEN...MATHISTON...WEST POINT...COLUMBUS...ACKERMAN...WEIR...
STARKVILLE...GREENVILLE...BELZONI...ISOLA...DURANT...TCHULA...
LEXINGTON...PICKENS...GOODMAN...KOSCIUSKO...LOUISVILLE...MACON...
BROOKSVILLE...MAYERSVILLE...ROLLING FORK...ANGUILLA...
YAZOO CITY...RIDGELAND...MADISON...CANTON...CARTHAGE...
PHILADELPHIA...PEARL RIVER...DE KALB...SCOOBA...VICKSBURG...
JACKSON...PEARL...BRANDON...RICHLAND...FOREST...MORTON...NEWTON...
UNION...DECATUR...CONEHATTA...MERIDIAN...PORT GIBSON...
CRYSTAL SPRINGS...HAZLEHURST...WESSON...MAGEE...MENDENHALL...
TAYLORSVILLE...RALEIGH...BAY SPRINGS...HEIDELBERG...QUITMAN...
STONEWALL...SHUBUTA...FAYETTE...NATCHEZ...BUDE...ROXIE...
MEADVILLE...BROOKHAVEN...MONTICELLO...NEW HEBRON...PRENTISS...
BASSFIELD...COLLINS...MOUNT OLIVE...LAUREL...COLUMBIA...
WEST HATTIESBURG...LUMBERTON...PURVIS...HATTIESBURG
938 AM CDT FRI APR 15 2011

...SEVERE WEATHER OUTBREAK ONGOING OVER NORTH MISSISSIPPI AND
NORTHEAST LOUISIANA...WILL EXPAND INTO CENTRAL AND EASTERN
MISSISSIPPI TODAY...

A LINE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS PRODUCING DAMAGING WINDS...LARGE
HAIL...AND A COUPLE OF LIKELY TORNADOES...HAS BEEN AFFECTING AREAS
OF THE ARKLAMISS...MAINLY NORTHWEST OF THE NATCHEZ TRACE
PARKWAY...THIS MORNING. A NUMBER OF REPORTS OF WIND DAMAGE AND SOME
LARGE HAIL HAVE BEEN RECEIVED.

AS DAYTIME HEATING MAKES THE ATMOSPHERE ACROSS CENTRAL AND EASTERN
MISSISSIPPI MORE UNSTABLE...AND A STRONG DISTURBANCE IN THE UPPER
LEVELS OF THE ATMOSPHERE APPROACHES FROM THE WEST...SEVERE
THUNDERSTORMS ARE EXPECTED TO INCREASE IN COVERAGE AND INTENSITY
ACROSS THE REGION INTO THE AFTERNOON HOURS. THE PRIMARY AREA TO BE
AFFECTED BY SIGNIFICANT SEVERE WEATHER IS EXPECTED TO BE ALONG AND
SOUTHEAST OF THE CURRENT SEVERE STORM BAND...GENERALLY ALONG AND
SOUTH OF A LINE FROM COLUMBUS TO DELHI LOUISIANA. HOWEVER...ISOLATED
SEVERE STORMS COULD REDEVELOP NORTHWEST OF THIS LINE LATE THIS
AFTERNOON AS A COLD FRONT MOVES INTO THE AREA.

DUE TO THE SCATTERED NATURE OF THE EXPECTED STORMS...NOT ALL AREAS
WILL EXPERIENCE SEVERE WEATHER. THOSE AREAS THAT DO...THOUGH...WILL
HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO HAVE DANGEROUS SEVERE STORMS. STRONG
TORNADOES...HAIL LARGER THAN GOLF BALLS...AND DAMAGING WIND GUSTS TO
80 MPH COULD OCCUR WITH THE MOST INTENSE STORMS TODAY.

PEOPLE ACROSS THE REGION SHOULD PAY CLOSE ATTENTION TO THE WEATHER
TODAY. MOVE TO SHELTER IF A WARNING IS ISSUED FOR YOUR AREA OR
THREATENING WEATHER IS OBSERVED.

AEG
Local storm report, Apr 15, 9:48 AM CDT, 24 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE JACKSON MS
948 AM CDT FRI APR 15 2011

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0930 AM     TSTM WND DMG     NEWELLTON               32.07N 91.24W
04/15/2011                   TENSAS             LA   EMERGENCY MNGR

            TREES AND POWERLINES DOWN

&&
Local storm report, Apr 15, 10:12 AM CDT, 0 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE JACKSON MS
1012 AM CDT FRI APR 15 2011

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

1005 AM     TSTM WND GST     1 S VICKSBURG           32.31N 90.87W
04/15/2011  E65 MPH          WARREN             MS   EMERGENCY MNGR

            ESTIMATED WIND GUST WITH 1 TREE DOWN IN THE VICINITY

&&

The office that day

Everything else NWS Jackson, MS issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Apr 15, 3:31 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementJANBolivar, Washington69 min
Apr 15, 4:14 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANBolivar, Washington61 min
Apr 15, 4:43 AM CDTTornado WarningJANBolivar, Washington47 min
Apr 15, 5:18 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANBolivar, Humphreys, Leflore, Sunflower, Washington42 min
Apr 15, 5:29 AM CDTTornado WarningJANBolivar, Sunflower61 min
Apr 15, 5:30 AM CDTTornado WarningJANWashington30 min
Apr 15, 5:57 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANCarroll, Grenada, Holmes, Humphreys, Leflore, Sharkey and 2 more48 min
Apr 15, 6:11 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANIssaquena, Sharkey, Washington34 min
Apr 15, 6:20 AM CDTTornado WarningJANIssaquena, Sharkey, Washington25 min
Apr 15, 6:41 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANCarroll, Grenada, Holmes, Humphreys, Montgomery, Webster and 1 more49 min
Apr 15, 6:46 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANIssaquena, Sharkey59 min
Apr 15, 6:56 AM CDTTornado WarningJANHolmes, Humphreys, Yazoo64 min
Apr 15, 7:31 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANChoctaw, Clay, Lowndes, Montgomery, Oktibbeha, Webster44 min
Apr 15, 7:42 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANHumphreys, Issaquena, Sharkey, Warren, Yazoo63 min
Apr 15, 7:50 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANAttala, Choctaw, Winston40 min
Apr 15, 8:00 AM CDTFlash Flood WarningJANHolmes, Humphreys, Sharkey, Yazoo5 hr
Apr 15, 8:09 AM CDTTornado WarningJANAttala, Carroll, Holmes, Yazoo66 min
Apr 15, 8:15 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANChoctaw, Clay, Lowndes, Montgomery, Oktibbeha, Webster60 min
Apr 15, 8:18 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANHolmes, Yazoo27 min
Apr 15, 8:33 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANAttala, Carroll, Choctaw57 min
Apr 15, 8:36 AM CDTTornado WarningJANAttala, Holmes54 min
Apr 15, 8:50 AM CDTTornado WarningJANAttala, Carroll, Holmes40 min
Apr 15, 8:54 AM CDTFlash Flood WarningJANAttala, Carroll, Choctaw, Clay, Montgomery, Oktibbeha and 1 more3 hr
Apr 15, 9:18 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANChoctaw, Lowndes, Noxubee, Oktibbeha, Winston42 min
Apr 15, 9:24 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANHolmes, Humphreys, Yazoo66 min
Apr 15, 9:34 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANClaiborne, Hinds, Warren56 min
Apr 15, 9:45 AM CDTTornado WarningJANAttala, Holmes60 min
Apr 15, 10:01 AM CDTFlash Flood WarningJANChoctaw, Clay, Lowndes, Noxubee, Oktibbeha, Winston5 hr
Apr 15, 10:03 AM CDTTornado WarningJANHolmes, Humphreys, Yazoo57 min
Apr 15, 10:21 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANAdams, Franklin, Jefferson15 min
Apr 15, 10:26 AM CDTTornado Warning EmergencyJANClaiborne, Hinds, Madison64 min
Apr 15, 10:28 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANClarke47 min
Apr 15, 10:33 AM CDTTornado WarningJANClarke57 min
Apr 15, 10:41 AM CDTTornado WarningJANAttala, Choctaw, Montgomery64 min
Apr 15, 10:42 AM CDTFlash Flood WarningJANHinds, Madison, Rankin2 hr
Apr 15, 10:50 AM CDTTornado WarningJANCarroll, Choctaw, Montgomery31 min
Apr 15, 10:52 AM CDTRiver Flood WarningJANAttala, Holmes14 days
Apr 15, 11:14 AM CDTTornado WarningJANClarke18 min
Apr 15, 11:18 AM CDTTornado WarningJANNoxubee, Oktibbeha, Winston41 min
Apr 15, 11:20 AM CDTTornado Warning EmergencyJANMadison, Rankin39 min
Apr 15, 11:28 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANAttala, Choctaw47 min
Apr 15, 11:42 AM CDTTornado WarningJANClay, Lowndes47 min
Apr 15, 11:46 AM CDTTornado WarningJANAttala, Choctaw33 min
Apr 15, 11:49 AM CDTTornado WarningJANLeake, Scott43 min
Apr 15, 11:55 AM CDTFlash Flood WarningJANAttala, Carroll, Choctaw, Clay, Holmes, Lowndes and 4 more3 hr
Apr 15, 12:09 PM CDTTornado WarningJANOktibbeha51 min
Apr 15, 12:14 PM CDTTornado WarningJANLeake, Neshoba61 min
Apr 15, 12:27 PM CDTTornado WarningJANClaiborne, Copiah, Hinds, Rankin, Simpson63 min
Apr 15, 12:49 PM CDTTornado WarningJANKemper56 min
Apr 15, 12:56 PM CDTTornado WarningJANClay, Lowndes, Oktibbeha43 min
Apr 15, 1:06 PM CDTTornado WarningJANCopiah, Lincoln54 min
Apr 15, 1:12 PM CDTTornado WarningJANRankin, Simpson48 min
Apr 15, 1:26 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANAdams, Franklin, Jefferson64 min
Apr 15, 1:42 PM CDTTornado WarningJANScott, Smith48 min
Apr 15, 1:46 PM CDTTornado WarningJANKemper, Neshoba59 min
Apr 15, 1:46 PM CDTTornado WarningJANCopiah, Simpson59 min
Apr 15, 1:48 PM CDTTornado WarningJANAttala, Holmes57 min
Apr 15, 2:12 PM CDTTornado WarningJANJasper, Newton63 min
Apr 15, 2:17 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANAdams, Franklin, Jefferson58 min
Apr 15, 2:23 PM CDTTornado WarningJANJasper, Smith67 min
Apr 15, 2:41 PM CDTTornado Warning EmergencyJANAttala, Choctaw49 min
Apr 15, 2:42 PM CDTTornado WarningJANKemper18 min
Apr 15, 2:48 PM CDTTornado WarningJANLauderdale57 min
Apr 15, 3:05 PM CDTTornado WarningJANClarke, Jasper55 min
Apr 15, 3:11 PM CDTTornado WarningJANOktibbeha64 min
Apr 15, 3:14 PM CDTTornado WarningJANAttala, Choctaw, Winston61 min
Apr 15, 3:15 PM CDTTornado WarningJANClaiborne, Copiah, Jefferson60 min
Apr 15, 3:24 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANFranklin, Lincoln66 min
Apr 15, 3:35 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANHinds40 min
Apr 15, 3:46 PM CDTTornado WarningJANClay, Lowndes59 min
Apr 15, 3:54 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningJANClay68 hr
Apr 15, 3:54 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningJANLowndes3 days
Apr 15, 3:54 PM CDTTornado WarningJANLowndes, Noxubee, Oktibbeha, Winston66 min
Apr 15, 3:55 PM CDTTornado WarningJANSimpson50 min
Apr 15, 3:56 PM CDTTornado WarningJANClarke34 min
Apr 15, 4:11 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANHinds, Leake, Madison, Rankin, Scott32 min
Apr 15, 4:12 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANJefferson Davis, Lawrence, Marion63 min
Apr 15, 4:24 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANJasper, Newton, Smith51 min
Apr 15, 4:30 PM CDTTornado WarningJANLamar, Marion60 min
Apr 15, 4:35 PM CDTTornado WarningJANJasper, Simpson, Smith55 min

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Mississippi, 2011Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2011

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.