Alert archive / Pennsylvania / Flash Flood Warnings in 2011

Flash Flood Warning 53, NWS Binghamton, NY

June 23, 2011Pike County, Wayne County, Pennsylvania; Sullivan County, New York

NWS Binghamton, NY issued this flash flood warning at Jun 23, 2011, 11:45 AM EDT for Pike County, Wayne County, Pennsylvania; Sullivan County, New York. It was in force for 97 min. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued: Jun 23, 2011, 11:45 AM EDT (15:45 UTC)
Expired: Jun 23, 2011, 1:22 PM EDT
In force: 97 min
Issued by: NWS Binghamton, NY
Area: Storm-based polygon
Flood severity: None

Counties Sullivan County, NY, Pike County, PA, Wayne County, PA

The radar

The Albany radar (KENX), 124 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 15:44 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

Did it verify

Not verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow found no qualifying storm report inside this flash flood warning while it was in force. That is not proof nothing happened: reports are thin where few people live.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The nearest sounding before it

Albany, NY (KALY), launched 12:00Z, 3.8 hours before the alert went out and 142 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-p

Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.

Hodograph

The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.

Mixed-layer CAPE: 202 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN: -131 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL: 486 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear: 35 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity: 40 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity: 76 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter: 0.0
Supercell composite: 0.1

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

820 
WGUS51 KBGM 231545
FFWBGM
NYC105-PAC103-127-231845-
/O.NEW.KBGM.FF.W.0053.110623T1545Z-110623T1845Z/
/00000.0.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/

BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
FLASH FLOOD WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BINGHAMTON NY
1145 AM EDT THU JUN 23 2011

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN BINGHAMTON HAS ISSUED A

* FLASH FLOOD WARNING FOR...
  SULLIVAN COUNTY IN CENTRAL NEW YORK...
  NORTHERN PIKE COUNTY IN NORTHEAST PENNSYLVANIA...
  SOUTHERN WAYNE COUNTY IN NORTHEAST PENNSYLVANIA...

* UNTIL 245 PM EDT

* AT 1141 AM EDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED
  AN AREA OF EXCESSIVE RAINFALL OVER THE WARNED AREA.

* LOCATIONS IN THE WARNING INCLUDE BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO BLOOMING
  GROVE...HAWLEY...HONESDALE...LACKAWAXEN...BETHEL...BLOOMINGBURG...
  GRAHAMSVILLE...LIBERTY...LOCH SHELDRAKE...MONTICELLO AND WURTSBORO.

A SERIES OF STRONG THUNDERSTORMS WILL PRODUCE HEAVY RAIN ACROSS THE 
WARNING AREA FROM NEAR HAWLEY PENNSYLVANIA TO MONTICELLO NEW YORK. 
THE RAIN WILL END FROM WEST TO EAST ACROSS THE WARNING THROUGH EARLY 
AFTERNOON. RAINFALL TOTALS FROM THIS MORNING INTO EARLY AFTERNOON OF 
2 TO 4 INCHES WILL BE ENOUGH TO CAUSE FLOODING OF STREAMS... CREEKS 
AND POOR DRAINAGE AREAS. 

WHEN YOU CAN DO SO SAFELY...PLEASE REPORT FLOODING TO THE NATIONAL 
WEATHER SERVICE BY CALLING TOLL FREE AT 1-877-633-6772...OR BY EMAIL 
AT BGM.STORMREPORT@NOAA.GOV.

DO NOT DRIVE YOUR VEHICLE INTO AREAS WHERE THE WATER COVERS THE
ROADWAY. THE WATER DEPTH MAY BE TOO GREAT TO ALLOW YOUR CAR TO CROSS
SAFELY. MOVE TO HIGHER GROUND.

LAT...LON 4156 7443 4150 7448 4149 7475 4144 7476
      4143 7473 4142 7473 4124 7542 4157 7537
      4190 7449 4188 7445 4175 7456 4165 7439
      4159 7436

$$

MSE

1 follow-up statement

541 
WGUS71 KBGM 231722
FFSBGM

FLASH FLOOD STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BINGHAMTON NY
122 PM EDT THU JUN 23 2011

NYC105-PAC103-127-231732-
/O.CAN.KBGM.FF.W.0053.000000T0000Z-110623T1845Z/
/00000.0.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/
SULLIVAN NY-PIKE PA-WAYNE PA-
122 PM EDT THU JUN 23 2011

...THE FLASH FLOOD WARNING HAS BEEN CANCELLED FOR SOUTHERN WAYNE...
NORTHERN PIKE AND SULLIVAN COUNTIES...

THE HEAVY RAIN HAS ENDED ACROSS THE WARNING AREA AND THE WARNING HAS 
BEEN CANCELLED. 

LAT...LON 4156 7443 4150 7448 4149 7475 4144 7476
      4143 7473 4142 7473 4124 7542 4157 7537
      4190 7449 4188 7445 4175 7456 4165 7439
      4159 7436

$$

MSE

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this flash flood warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Binghamton, NY wrote its last area forecast discussion before this flash flood warning went out at Jun 23, 6:27 AM EDT, 5 hours 18 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Jun 23, 6:27 AM EDT, 5 hours 18 minutes before

AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BINGHAMTON NY
627 AM EDT THU JUN 23 2011

.SYNOPSIS...
A LARGE LOW PRESSURE AREA OVER THE GREAT LAKES WILL KEEP A
SOUTHERLY FLOW OF MOIST AN UNSTABLE AIR IN THE AREA THROUGH FRIDAY.
THIS FLOW OF AIR WILL TRIGGER SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS AT TIMES
ACROSS THE AREA THROUGH THE END OF THE WEEK.

&&

.NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 PM THIS EVENING/...
UPDATED AT 1014Z...MESOSCALE ANALYSIS IS COMING IN WITH SOMEWHAT
HIGH BULK SHEAR NUMBERS AND CAPES AROUND 500 JOULES ALREADY THIS
MORNING. THE LINE OF STORMS IN NEW YORK AND AN AREA OF SOTRMS IN
PA, HAS SHOWN SIGNS OF TRYING TO STRENGTHEN. HAVE UPDATED FORECAST
FOR THE POPS OVER THE NEXT FEW HOURS. ALSO, WITH THE STORMS TRYING
TO BUILD A LITTLE MORE THAN MODELS HAD SHOWN THEY WOULD, THE
CONFIDENCE LEVEL IN SOME SEVERE CONVECTION TODAY HAS GONE UP. THE
MAIN THREATS ARE STILL HAIL AND WINDS.

PREVIOUS DISCUSSION...RADAR SHOWING A LINE OF STORMS MOVING INTO
THE WESTERN ZONES THIS MORNING. THIS LINE IS ASSOCIATED WITH A
TROUGH THAT IS ROTATING AROUND THE LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM SITTING
OVER THE WESTERN GREAT LAKES. THIS LINE WILL CONTINUE ACROSS THE
CWA THROUGH THE MORNING AND POSSIBLY AFTERNOON HOURS.

BEHIND THIS LINE, THERE WILL BE SOME INSTABILITY. THE QUESTION IS
HOW MUCH. CAPE VALUES IN THE AFTERNOON LOOK TO BE ONLY AROUND 500
JOULES. ALSO, THE NCAPE IS LESS THAN .1 TODAY. BUFKIT SOUNDINGS
SHOW SOME INVERSION AT SEVERAL LEVELS TODAY AS WELL. HOWEVER, THE
0-6KM BULK SHEAR LOOKS TO BE AROUND 45 KTS. SO, NOT EXPECTING WIDE
SPREAD STORMS THIS AFTERNOON, BUT IF A FEW DO GO, THEY DO HAVE THE
POTENTIAL TO BECOME SEVERE.

&&

.SHORT TERM /6 PM THIS EVENING THROUGH SATURDAY NIGHT/...
THIS EVENING WILL SEE AN INCREASE IN THE CHANCE FOR SHOWERS AND
THUNDERSTORMS. CAPE VALUES GO TO OVER 1000 JOULES AND POSSIBLY
NEAR 1500 JOULES. THE NCAPE STILL IS AROUND .1, SO A TALL SKINNY
CAPE. LAPSE RATES ARE NOT IMPRESSIVE AT ALL. 950-500 ARE ONLY
AROUND 6. SO AGAIN, CONFIDENCE IS LOW FOR SEVERE WEATHER THIS
EVENING. LOOKING AT THE MBE VELOCITY, THEY DO DROP OVER NIGHT
TONIGHT TO BELOW 10KTS. PWATS WILL BE OVER AN INCH AND THREE
QUARTERS AS WELL. SO THINKING STRONG STORMS MAY DEVELOP IN EARLY
EVENING AND THAN TRANSITION OVER TO HEAVY RAINERS IN THE LATE
EVENING. THE SOUNDINGS DO SHOW THE PWATS DROPPING SIGNIFICANTLY
AFTER MIDNIGHT FROM WEST TO EAST.

FOR FRIDAY, JUST ANOTHER ROUND OF SHOWERS AND STORMS WILL DEVELOP
ON THE AFTERNOON. THIS WILL BE AHEAD OF A COLD FRONT ASSOCIATED
WITH THE LOW, WHICH WILL BE CENTERED JUST NORTH EAST OF MICHIGAN
THURSDAY NIGHT. THIS FRONT COULD TRIGGER SOME STRONG THUNDERSTORMS
AS WELL AS SOME SEVERE.

BY SATURDAY, THE FRONT WILL HAVE MOVED THROUGH, BUT THE LOW IS
SLOW MOVING AND THERE WILL BE SOME LINGERING MOISTURE AND WEAK
INSTABILITY. THIS WILL PROBABLY RESULT IN A CHANCE OF SHOWERS ON
SATURDAY. THESE WILL BEGIN TO DIMINISH SATURDAY NIGHT.

&&

.LONG TERM /SUNDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY/...
UPDATED AT 215 PM...
FOLLOWED HPC GUIDANCE CLOSELY DURING THIS PERIOD. UPPER LEVEL
LONG WAVE TROF SLOWLY EXITING OFF THE EAST COAST SUNDAY WITH A WEAK
COLD FRONT MOVING SOUTHEAST ACROSS NEW ENGLAND AND NY. HIGH PRESSURE
BUILDS IN MONDAY WITH AN UPPER LEVEL RIDGE TO THE WEST. SHORTWAVE
TUESDAY MAY HELP TRIGGER AN AFTERNOON SHOWER OR THUNDERSTORM. LOW
PRESSURE MOVES UP THE OHIO VALLE INTO WESTERN PA AND NY ON
WEDNESDAY MAY BRING SCATTERED SHOWERS.

&&

.AVIATION /10Z THURSDAY THROUGH MONDAY/...
UPDATED AS OF 155 AM THU... OCCASIONAL MVFR RESTRICTIONS OVERNIGHT
IN BR/HZ AT KITH/KBGM/KAVP. FOR KELM...BRIEF PERIODS OF IFR BR
POSSIBLE. AT KRME/KSYR...LOWER CLOUDS...WITH OCNL IFR CIG
BASES...WILL PERSIST UNTIL ARND 12Z THU.

A BIG WILD CARD EARLY THIS MRNG WILL BE POTENTIAL SHRA/TSRA
ACTIVITY. CONVECTIVE ACTIVITY IN WRN NY AND WRN/CNTRL PA AS OF 06Z...IS
EXPECTED TO WEAKEN WITH EWD EXTENT. THUS...FOR NOW...HAVE LEFT ANY
MENTION OF SHRA/TSRA OUT OF THE TERMINALS IN THE NEAR TERM...BUT
IT MAY NEED TO BE INSERTED...ON A SITE BY SITE BASIS...DEPENDING
ON RADAR TRENDS.

A BETTER CHANCE OF SHRA/TSRA IS EXPECTED THIS AFTN...GENERALLY
AFTER 18Z. AS A RESULT...WE'LL CONTINUE TO CARRY CB GROUPS AREA-
WIDE AT THIS PT. LATER FORECASTS WILL LIKELY NEED TO ADD A MORE
STRICT MENTION OF SHRA/TSRA.

AFTER 00Z FRI...MVFR RESTRICTIONS IN BR/HZ AGAIN ANTICIPATED.

OUTLOOK...

FRIDAY THROUGH SATURDAY...PERIODS OF MVFR...IN SCATTERED TO
WIDESPREAD SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS.

SUNDAY AND MONDAY...VFR.

&&

.BGM WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
PA...NONE.
NY...NONE.

&&

SYNOPSIS...SLI
NEAR TERM...SLI
SHORT TERM...SLI
LONG TERM...BMW
AVIATION...HEDEN/MLJ

Hazardous weather outlook, Jun 23, 4:10 AM EDT, 7 hours 35 minutes before

HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BINGHAMTON NY
410 AM EDT THU JUN 23 2011

NYZ009-015>018-022>025-036-037-044>046-055>057-062-PAZ038>040-043-
044-047-048-072-240815-
NORTHERN ONEIDA-YATES-SENECA-SOUTHERN CAYUGA-ONONDAGA-STEUBEN-
SCHUYLER-CHEMUNG-TOMPKINS-MADISON-SOUTHERN ONEIDA-CORTLAND-CHENANGO-
OTSEGO-TIOGA-BROOME-DELAWARE-SULLIVAN-BRADFORD-SUSQUEHANNA-
NORTHERN WAYNE-WYOMING-LACKAWANNA-LUZERNE-PIKE-SOUTHERN WAYNE-
410 AM EDT THU JUN 23 2011

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR CENTRAL NEW
YORK...SOUTHEASTERN NEW YORK AND NORTHEAST PENNSYLVANIA.

.DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT.

ABUNDANT MOISTURE AND INSTABILITY IS OVER THE AREA TODAY. THERE
IS A SLIGHT CHANCE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON AND
EVENING. THE MAIN THREATS ARE DAMAGING CONVECTIVE WIND GUSTS AND
LARGE HAIL.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...FRIDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY.

THUNDERSTORMS WILL CONTINUE TO BE A THREAT INTO FRIDAY...WITH THE
SLIGHT CHANCE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WITH DAMAGING WINDS AND
LARGE HAIL.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

WEATHER SPOTTERS ARE ENCOURAGED TO REPORT SIGNIFICANT WEATHER
CONDITIONS ACCORDING TO STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Jun 23, 6:25 AM EDT, 5 hours 20 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BINGHAMTON NY
625 AM EDT THU JUN 23 2011

NYZ017-018-025-036-044-045-231115-
CAYUGA NY-CHENANGO NY-CORTLAND NY-MADISON NY-ONONDAGA NY-TOMPKINS NY-
625 AM EDT THU JUN 23 2011

...LINE OF STRONG THUNDERSTORMS WILL AFFECT CORTLAND...MADISON...
NORTHERN CHENANGO...SOUTHEASTERN CAYUGA...SOUTHERN ONONDAGA AND
TOMPKINS COUNTIES...

* AT 622 AM EDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A
  LINE OF STRONG THUNDERSTORMS CAPABLE OF PRODUCING SMALL HAIL...
  STRONG GUSTY WINDS OF 40 TO 50 MPH...AND VERY HEAVY RAIN.  THESE
  STORMS WERE LOCATED ALONG A LINE EXTENDING FROM NILES TO
  KELLOGGSVILLE TO GROTON TO FREEVILLE TO ITHACA...AND MOVING
  EAST AT 45 MPH.

* STRONG THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE NEAR...
  WEST SLATERVILLE AND SOUTH CORTLAND AT 630 AM EDT...
  CEDARVALE AND ONONDAGA AT 635 AM EDT...
  NEDROW AND TULLY AT 640 AM EDT...
  JAMESVILLE AND TRUXTON AT 645 AM EDT...
  WATERVALE AND MANLIUS AT 650 AM EDT...
  ORAN AND UNION VALLEY AT 655 AM EDT...
  TEXAS VALLEY AND SOUTH OTSELIC AT 700 AM EDT...
  PERRYVILLE AND WILLET AT 705 AM EDT...

THESE STORMS HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO BECOME SEVERE AND PRODUCE LARGE
HAIL AND/OR DAMAGING WINDS.

FREQUENT CLOUD TO GROUND LIGHTNING IS OCCURRING WITH THIS STORM. MOVE
INDOORS IMMEDIATELY!

LAT...LON 4304 7559 4303 7555 4293 7554 4293 7545
      4286 7544 4287 7529 4275 7529 4268 7533
      4263 7532 4246 7550 4241 7597 4241 7626
      4240 7630 4237 7626 4233 7665 4250 7648
      4261 7644 4297 7651 4307 7562

/MLJ

Special weather statement, Jun 23, 7:06 AM EDT, 4 hours 39 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BINGHAMTON NY
706 AM EDT THU JUN 23 2011

NYZ009-018-036-037-044-045-231145-
CHENANGO NY-CORTLAND NY-MADISON NY-ONEIDA NY-ONONDAGA NY-
706 AM EDT THU JUN 23 2011

...LINE OF STRONG THUNDERSTORMS WILL AFFECT EASTERN CORTLAND...
EASTERN ONONDAGA...MADISON...NORTHERN CHENANGO AND ONEIDA COUNTIES...

* AT 702 AM EDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A
  LINE OF STRONG THUNDERSTORMS CAPABLE OF PRODUCING SMALL HAIL...
  STRONG GUSTY WINDS...AND VERY HEAVY RAIN.  THESE STORMS WERE
  LOCATED ALONG A LINE EXTENDING FROM BRIDGEPORT TO SULLIVAN TO
  NELSON TO CUYLER TO SOLON...AND MOVING EAST AT 30 MPH.

* STRONG THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE NEAR...
  PITCHER AND PETERBORO AT 715 AM EDT...
  WILLET AND WAMPSVILLE AT 720 AM EDT...
  JEWELL AND WEST EATON AT 725 AM EDT...
  VERONA BEACH AND SYLVAN BEACH AT 730 AM EDT...
  SYLVAN BEACH AND VIENNA AT 735 AM EDT...
  BLOSSVALE AND TABERG AT 740 AM EDT...
  NEW LONDON AND STOCKWELL AT 745 AM EDT...

THESE STORMS HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO BECOME SEVERE AND PRODUCE LARGE
HAIL AND/OR DAMAGING WINDS.

FREQUENT CLOUD TO GROUND LIGHTNING IS OCCURRING WITH THIS STORM. MOVE
INDOORS IMMEDIATELY!

LAT...LON 4343 7532 4306 7520 4289 7520 4287 7521
      4287 7525 4284 7524 4279 7530 4260 7535
      4244 7549 4245 7619 4260 7605 4279 7600
      4293 7585 4305 7590 4320 7606 4316 7589
      4333 7588

/MLJ

Local storm report, Jun 23, 10:56 AM EDT, 49 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BINGHAMTON NY
1056 AM EDT THU JUN 23 2011

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

1052 AM     HEAVY RAIN       1 SE BEACH LAKE         41.59N  75.14W
06/23/2011  M6.30 INCH       WAYNE              PA   PUBLIC

            6.30 INCHES SINCE 7 AM WEDNESDAY...2.00 INCHES SINCE 5
            AM TODAY

&&

MORFORD

The office that day

Everything else NWS Binghamton, NY issued on the same UTC day.

Issued	Product	Office	Counties	Lasted
Jun 23, 5:20 AM EDT	Special Weather Statement	BGM	Lackawanna, Wyoming	55 min
Jun 23, 6:25 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BGM	Lackawanna, Luzerne, Pike, Wayne	65 min
Jun 23, 6:54 AM EDT	Areal Flood Advisory	BGM	Lackawanna, Luzerne, Pike, Wayne, Wyoming	3 hr
Jun 23, 7:35 AM EDT	Areal Flood Advisory	BGM	Wayne	3 hr
Jun 23, 8:45 AM EDT	Flash Flood Warning	BGM	Lackawanna, Luzerne, Pike, Wayne	3 hr
Jun 23, 5:59 PM EDT	Areal Flood Advisory	BGM	Lackawanna	3 hr
Jun 22, 8:38 PM EDT	Special Weather Statement	BGM	Tompkins	37 min
Jun 22, 8:48 PM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BGM	Seneca, Yates	57 min
Jun 22, 9:34 PM EDT	Special Weather Statement	BGM	Seneca	56 min
Jun 22, 10:27 PM EDT	Special Weather Statement	BGM	Cortland	63 min
Jun 22, 11:28 PM EDT	Special Weather Statement	BGM	Chenango, Cortland	62 min
Jun 23, 4:51 AM EDT	Special Weather Statement	BGM	Schuyler, Steuben	54 min
Jun 23, 5:34 AM EDT	Special Weather Statement	BGM	Schuyler, Tompkins, Yates	56 min
Jun 23, 6:25 AM EDT	Special Weather Statement	BGM	Chenango, Cortland, Madison, Tompkins	50 min
Jun 23, 7:06 AM EDT	Special Weather Statement	BGM	Chenango, Madison, Oneida	39 min
Jun 23, 2:54 PM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	BGM	Oneida	66 min
Jun 23, 3:48 PM EDT	Areal Flood Advisory	BGM	Madison, Oneida	3 hr
Jun 23, 5:10 PM EDT	Areal Flood Advisory	BGM	Broome, Chenango, Tioga	4 hr
Jun 23, 5:27 PM EDT	Flash Flood Warning	BGM	Broome, Chenango	4 hr
Jun 23, 5:53 PM EDT	Flash Flood Warning	BGM	Broome, Chenango	4 hr
Jun 23, 7:54 PM EDT	Special Weather Statement	BGM	Chenango	51 min

Nearby

Flash Flood Warnings in Pennsylvania, 2011 Flash Flood Warnings in New York, 2011 Every flash flood warning in 2011

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.