Alert archive / Illinois / Tornado Warnings in 2010

Tornado Warning 28, NWS Lincoln, IL

July 21, 2010Champaign County, Piatt County, Illinois

NWS Lincoln, IL issued this tornado warning at Jul 21, 2010, 1:46 PM CDT for Champaign County, Piatt County, Illinois. It was in force for 44 min. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued: Jul 21, 2010, 1:46 PM CDT (18:46 UTC)
Expired: Jul 21, 2010, 2:30 PM CDT
In force: 44 min
Issued by: NWS Lincoln, IL
Area: Storm-based polygon

Counties Champaign County, IL, Piatt County, IL

The radar

The Lincoln radar (KILX), 73 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 18:46 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

Did it verify

Not verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow found no qualifying storm report inside this tornado warning while it was in force. That is not proof nothing happened: reports are thin where few people live.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The nearest sounding before it

Lincoln, IL (KILX), launched 12:00Z, 6.8 hours before the alert went out and 26 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-p

Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.

Hodograph

The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.

Mixed-layer CAPE: 1868 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN: -17 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL: 559 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear: 28 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity: 10 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity: 45 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter: 0.4
Supercell composite: 2.7

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

858 
WFUS53 KILX 211846
TORILX
ILC019-147-211930-
/O.NEW.KILX.TO.W.0028.100721T1846Z-100721T1930Z/

BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
TORNADO WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LINCOLN IL
146 PM CDT WED JUL 21 2010

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN LINCOLN HAS ISSUED A

* TORNADO WARNING FOR...
  SOUTHWESTERN CHAMPAIGN COUNTY IN EAST CENTRAL ILLINOIS...
  CENTRAL PIATT COUNTY IN CENTRAL ILLINOIS...

* UNTIL 230 PM CDT.

* AT 141 PM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE METEOROLOGISTS DETECTED A
  SEVERE THUNDERSTORM CAPABLE OF PRODUCING A TORNADO. THIS DANGEROUS
  STORM WAS LOCATED 5 MILES NORTHWEST OF BEMENT...OR 7 MILES
  SOUTHWEST OF MONTICELLO...AND MOVING EAST AT 15 MPH.

* LOCATIONS IMPACTED INCLUDE...
  BEMENT...MILMINE AND IVESDALE.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

TAKE COVER NOW. MOVE TO AN INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR OF A
STURDY BUILDING. AVOID WINDOWS. IF IN A MOBILE HOME...A VEHICLE OR
OUTDOORS...MOVE TO THE CLOSEST SUBSTANTIAL SHELTER AND PROTECT
YOURSELF FROM FLYING DEBRIS.

&&

LAT...LON 3988 8847 3983 8847 3994 8875 4003 8875
      4000 8843 3988 8843
TIME...MOT...LOC 1846Z 289DEG 14KT 3995 8864

$$

SHIMON

3 follow-up statements

632 
WWUS53 KILX 211858
SVSILX

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LINCOLN IL
158 PM CDT WED JUL 21 2010

ILC019-147-211930-
/O.CON.KILX.TO.W.0028.000000T0000Z-100721T1930Z/
PIATT IL-CHAMPAIGN IL-
158 PM CDT WED JUL 21 2010

...A TORNADO WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR SOUTHWESTERN CHAMPAIGN AND
CENTRAL PIATT COUNTIES UNTIL 230 PM CDT...

AT 155 PM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE METEOROLOGISTS DETECTED A
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM CAPABLE OF PRODUCING A TORNADO.  THIS DANGEROUS
STORM WAS LOCATED NEAR BEMENT...OR 6 MILES SOUTH OF MONTICELLO...
MOVING EAST AT 15 MPH.

LOCATIONS IMPACTED INCLUDE...
  BEMENT AND IVESDALE.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

TAKE COVER NOW. MOVE TO AN INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR OF A
STURDY BUILDING. AVOID WINDOWS. IF IN A MOBILE HOME...A VEHICLE OR
OUTDOORS...MOVE TO THE CLOSEST SUBSTANTIAL SHELTER AND PROTECT
YOURSELF FROM FLYING DEBRIS.

&&

LAT...LON 3988 8847 3983 8847 3994 8875 4003 8875
      4000 8843 3988 8843
TIME...MOT...LOC 1858Z 289DEG 13KT 3994 8859

$$

SHIMON

938 
WWUS53 KILX 211918
SVSILX

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LINCOLN IL
218 PM CDT WED JUL 21 2010

ILC019-147-211930-
/O.CON.KILX.TO.W.0028.000000T0000Z-100721T1930Z/
PIATT IL-CHAMPAIGN IL-
218 PM CDT WED JUL 21 2010

...A TORNADO WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR SOUTHWESTERN CHAMPAIGN AND
CENTRAL PIATT COUNTIES UNTIL 230 PM CDT...

AT 213 PM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE METEOROLOGISTS DETECTED A
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM CAPABLE OF PRODUCING A TORNADO.  THIS DANGEROUS
STORM WAS LOCATED NEAR BEMENT...OR 8 MILES SOUTH OF MONTICELLO...
MOVING SOUTHEAST AT 10 MPH.

LOCATIONS IMPACTED INCLUDE...
  IVESDALE.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

TAKE COVER NOW. MOVE TO AN INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR OF A
STURDY BUILDING. AVOID WINDOWS. IF IN A MOBILE HOME...A VEHICLE OR
OUTDOORS...MOVE TO THE CLOSEST SUBSTANTIAL SHELTER AND PROTECT
YOURSELF FROM FLYING DEBRIS.

&&

LAT...LON 3988 8847 3983 8847 3994 8875 4003 8875
      4000 8843 3988 8843
TIME...MOT...LOC 1918Z 295DEG 11KT 3990 8853

$$

SHIMON

787 
WWUS53 KILX 211928
SVSILX

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LINCOLN IL
228 PM CDT WED JUL 21 2010

ILC019-147-211938-
/O.EXP.KILX.TO.W.0028.000000T0000Z-100721T1930Z/
PIATT IL-CHAMPAIGN IL-
228 PM CDT WED JUL 21 2010

...THE TORNADO WARNING FOR SOUTHWESTERN CHAMPAIGN AND CENTRAL PIATT
COUNTIES WILL EXPIRE AT 230 PM CDT...

THE STORM WHICH PROMPTED THE WARNING HAS WEAKENED BELOW SEVERE
LIMITS...AND NO LONGER POSES AN IMMEDIATE THREAT TO LIFE OR PROPERTY.

LAT...LON 3988 8847 3983 8847 3994 8875 4003 8875
      4000 8843 3988 8843
TIME...MOT...LOC 1928Z 295DEG 11KT 3989 8849

$$

SHIMON

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Lincoln, IL wrote its last area forecast discussion before this tornado warning went out at Jul 21, 12:21 PM CDT, 1 hour 25 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Jul 21, 12:21 PM CDT, 1 hour 25 minutes before

AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LINCOLN IL
1221 PM CDT WED JUL 21 2010

.DISCUSSION...
ISSUED 1015 AM CDT WED JUL 21 2010

SYNOPTIC BOUNDARY APPEARS TO BE IN THE GENERAL VICINITY OF I-80 IN
NORTHERN ILLINOIS LATE THIS MORNING...EXTENDING SOUTHWEST ACROSS
FAR SOUTHERN IOWA. HAD A FEW SHOWERS/STORMS EARLIER TRACKING
ACROSS NORTHERN PORTIONS OF THE CWA...AND CURRENTLY LINGERING
AROUND CHAMPAIGN AND DANVILLE. ALSO HAVE SOME SCATTERED STORMS
FROM CENTRAL MISSOURI INTO SOUTHEAST ILLINOIS JUST SOUTH OF OUR
CWA...APPARENTLY ALONG AN OLD OUTFLOW BOUNDARY THAT ARCS ACROSS
THIS REGION.

MAIN QUESTION TODAY INVOLVES RENEWED SHOWER/STORM DEVELOPMENT.
CONFIDENCE IN THE MODELS IS STILL RELATIVELY LOW...IN TERMS OF THE
EXACT PLACEMENT OF ANY CONVECTIVE INITIATION. 12Z RUC/NAM MODELS
SUGGEST A SOUTHWARD DRIFT IN THE SYNOPTIC BOUNDARY CLOSER TO THE
NORTHERN CWA...WITH DECENT INSTABILITY SOUTH OF THE FRONT AND A
WEAKENING CAP. THE RESIDUAL BOUNDARIES AND AN MCV MOVING EAST OUT
OF THE CENTRAL PLAINS MAY HELP TO TRIGGER A FEW MORE STORMS THIS
AFTERNOON.

ZONES/GRID UPDATE FROM ABOUT 15 MINUTES AGO WAS MAINLY TO TWEAK
THE HOURLY GRID ELEMENTS.

GEELHART

&&

.AVIATION...
ISSUED 1220 PM CDT WED JUL 21 2010

CONVECTION BEGINNING TO FIRE AGAIN GENERALLY IN BETWEEN THE TAF
SITES. AM EXPECTING A LITTLE BETTER COVERAGE AROUND KPIA/KSPI
AROUND 20Z OR SO AS STORMS CURRENTLY NEAR THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER
MOVE EAST...SO WILL INCLUDE TEMPO PERIODS AT THESE TWO SITES AND
ONLY VCTS ELSEWHERE. LONGER RANGE...A FRONTAL BOUNDARY SHOULD
SERVE AS THE FOCUS FOR SOME MORE THUNDERSTORM DEVELOPMENT IN THE
05-10Z TIME FRAME...BEFORE THE FRONT BEGINS TO LIFT NORTHWARD.
BESIDES THE CONVECTIVE CHANCES...THE PERSISTENT LIGHT AND VARIABLE
WIND PATTERN SHOULD BECOME MORE OF A STEADY SOUTH WIND AFTER
SUNRISE...ONCE THE FRONT IS NORTH OF THE AREA.

GEELHART

&&

.ILX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
NONE.
&&

Hazardous weather outlook, Jul 21, 11:27 AM CDT, 2 hours 19 minutes before

HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LINCOLN IL
1127 AM CDT WED JUL 21 2010

ILZ027>031-037-038-221100-
KNOX-MARSHALL-MCLEAN-PEORIA-STARK-TAZEWELL-WOODFORD-
1127 AM CDT WED JUL 21 2010

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF CENTRAL
ILLINOIS.

.DAY ONE...THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT

SCATTERED THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE POSSIBLE ACROSS THE AREA THIS
AFTERNOON AND EVENING...DUE TO A STATIONARY FRONT IN NORTHERN
ILLINOIS...AND A RESIDUAL OUTFLOW BOUNDARY ACROSS MISSOURI. THERE
IS A SLIGHT RISK THAT THESE STORMS WILL BECOME SEVERE...WITH
DAMAGING WIND GUSTS THE PRIMARY CONCERN. LOCALLY HEAVY RAINFALL IS
ALSO POSSIBLE WITH SOME OF THE STRONGER STORMS.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...THURSDAY THROUGH TUESDAY

THUNDERSTORMS ARE EXPECTED ON THURSDAY..AS THE FRONTAL BOUNDARY
GRADUALLY SHIFTS NORTHWARD ACROSS THE AREA. ANY STORMS THAT OCCUR
WILL BE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING LOCALLY HEAVY RAINFALL AND POSSIBLY
SOME DAMAGING WINDS. AFTER A SHORT BREAK...THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE
POSSIBLE AGAIN LATE FRIDAY AND SATURDAY AS A COLD FRONT SLOWLY
APPROACHES THE AREA FROM THE NORTHWEST.

HEAT INDEX VALUES ARE EXPECTED TO BE AROUND 100 DEGREES FRIDAY.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SPOTTER ACTIVATION MAY BE REQUIRED THIS AFTERNOON AND
EVENING...PRIMARILY THROUGH SUNSET.

ILZ036-040-041-047-049-050-221100-
CASS-FULTON-MASON-MORGAN-SCHUYLER-SCOTT-
1127 AM CDT WED JUL 21 2010

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF WEST CENTRAL
ILLINOIS.

.DAY ONE...THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT

SCATTERED THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE POSSIBLE THIS AFTERNOON AND
EVENING...DUE TO A RESIDUAL OUTFLOW BOUNDARY ACROSS MISSOURI AND
SOUTHERN ILLINOIS. THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK THAT THESE STORMS WILL
BECOME SEVERE...WITH DAMAGING WINDS THE PRIMARY THREAT. A FEW OF
THE STRONGER STORMS WILL ALSO BE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING AND HEAVY
RAINFALL. AS A WARM FRONT APPROACHES TONIGHT...BETTER COVERAGE OF
THUNDERSTORMS IS EXPECTED. THE PRIMARY THREAT TONIGHT FROM THE
THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE FROM HEAVY RAINFALL AND GUSTY WINDS.

MINOR FLOODING IS EXPECTED ALONG PORTIONS OF THE ILLINOIS
RIVER...PERSISTING INTO THE WEEKEND.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...THURSDAY THROUGH TUESDAY

ADDITIONAL THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE POSSIBLE THURSDAY...AS THE WARM
FRONT SHIFTS NORTH OF THE AREA. ANY STORMS THAT OCCUR WILL BE
CAPABLE OF PRODUCING LOCALLY HEAVY RAINFALL AND POSSIBLY SOME
DAMAGING WINDS. RUN OFF FROM THIS RAINFALL WILL LEAD TO
SIGNIFICANT RISES ON MANY AREA CREEKS AND STREAMS. AFTER A PERIOD
OF QUIET WEATHER...THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE POSSIBLE AGAIN ON
SATURDAY AS A COLD FRONT APPROACHES FROM THE NORTHWEST.

HEAT INDEX VALUES ARE EXPECTED TO BE AROUND 100 DEGREES THURSDAY...
AND FROM 100 TO 105 DEGREES FRIDAY.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SPOTTER ACTIVATION MAY BE REQUIRED THIS AFTERNOON AND
EVENING...PRIMARILY THROUGH SUNSET.

ILZ042>046-048-051>057-061>063-221100-
CHAMPAIGN-CHRISTIAN-CLARK-COLES-CUMBERLAND-DE WITT-DOUGLAS-EDGAR-
LOGAN-MACON-MENARD-MOULTRIE-PIATT-SANGAMON-SHELBY-VERMILION-
1127 AM CDT WED JUL 21 2010

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF CENTRAL
ILLINOIS AND EAST CENTRAL ILLINOIS.

.DAY ONE...THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT

SCATTERED THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE POSSIBLE THIS AFTERNOON AND
EVENING...DUE TO A RESIDUAL OUTFLOW BOUNDARY ACROSS MISSOURI AND
SOUTHERN ILLINOIS. THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK THAT THESE STORMS WILL
BECOME SEVERE...WITH DAMAGING WINDS THE PRIMARY THREAT. A FEW OF
THE STRONGER STORMS WILL ALSO BE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING AND HEAVY
RAINFALL. AS A WARM FRONT APPROACHES TONIGHT...BETTER COVERAGE OF
THUNDERSTORMS IS EXPECTED. THE PRIMARY THREAT TONIGHT FROM THE
THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE FROM HEAVY RAINFALL AND GUSTY WINDS.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...THURSDAY THROUGH TUESDAY

ADDITIONAL THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE POSSIBLE THURSDAY...AS THE WARM
FRONT SHIFTS NORTH OF THE AREA. ANY STORMS THAT OCCUR WILL BE
CAPABLE OF PRODUCING LOCALLY HEAVY RAINFALL AND POSSIBLY SOME
DAMAGING WINDS. RUN OFF FROM THIS RAINFALL WILL LEAD TO
SIGNIFICANT RISES ON MANY AREA CREEKS AND STREAMS. AFTER A PERIOD
OF QUIET WEATHER...THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE POSSIBLE AGAIN ON
SATURDAY AS A COLD FRONT APPROACHES FROM THE NORTHWEST.

HEAT INDEX VALUES ARE EXPECTED TO RANGE FROM 95 TO 100 DEGREES
THURSDAY...AND FROM 100 TO 105 DEGREES FRIDAY.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SPOTTER ACTIVATION MAY BE REQUIRED THIS AFTERNOON AND
EVENING...PRIMARILY BETWEEN 2 PM AND 8 PM.

ILZ066>068-071>073-221100-
CLAY-CRAWFORD-EFFINGHAM-JASPER-LAWRENCE-RICHLAND-
1127 AM CDT WED JUL 21 2010

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF SOUTHEAST
ILLINOIS.

.DAY ONE...THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT

SCATTERED THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE POSSIBLE THIS AFTERNOON AND
EVENING...DUE TO A RESIDUAL OUTFLOW BOUNDARY ACROSS MISSOURI AND
SOUTHERN ILLINOIS. THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK THAT THESE STORMS WILL
BECOME SEVERE...WITH DAMAGING WINDS THE PRIMARY THREAT. A FEW OF
THE STRONGER STORMS WILL ALSO BE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING AND HEAVY
RAINFALL. AS A WARM FRONT APPROACHES TONIGHT...BETTER COVERAGE OF
THUNDERSTORMS IS EXPECTED. THE PRIMARY THREAT TONIGHT FROM THE
THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE FROM HEAVY RAINFALL AND GUSTY WINDS.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...THURSDAY THROUGH TUESDAY

ADDITIONAL THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE POSSIBLE THURSDAY AS THE WARM
FRONT SHIFTS NORTH OF THE AREA. ANY STORMS THAT OCCUR WILL ONCE
AGAIN BE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING LOCALLY HEAVY RAINFALL. RUN OFF
FROM THIS RAINFALL WILL LEAD TO ADDITIONAL RISES ON MANY AREA
CREEKS AND STREAMS. AFTER A PERIOD OF QUIET WEATHER...THUNDERSTORMS
WILL BE POSSIBLE AGAIN LATER ON SATURDAY AS A COLD FRONT
APPROACHES FROM THE NORTHWEST.

HEAT INDEX VALUES ARE EXPECTED TO BE NEAR 100 DEGREES TODAY AND
THURSDAY...AND APPROACHING 105 DEGREES ON FRIDAY.

THE LITTLE WABASH RIVER WILL REMAIN ABOVE FLOOD STAGE MUCH OF THE
WEEK. LOWER PORTIONS OF THE EMBARRAS RIVER MAY RISE ABOVE FLOOD
STAGE BY THIS EVENING.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SPOTTER ACTIVATION MAY BE REQUIRED THIS AFTERNOON AND
EVENING...PRIMARILY BETWEEN 3 PM AND 9 PM.

GEELHART

In the hours before

Local storm report, Jul 21, 1:27 PM CDT, 19 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LINCOLN IL
127 PM CDT WED JUL 21 2010

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0124 PM     TORNADO          1 N SIDELL              39.92N 87.82W
07/21/2010                   VERMILION          IL   TRAINED SPOTTER

            RELAYED BY VERMILION COUNTY EMA

&&

GEELHART

Local storm report, Jul 21, 1:35 PM CDT, 11 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LINCOLN IL
135 PM CDT WED JUL 21 2010

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0134 PM     FUNNEL CLOUD     JAMAICA                 39.98N 87.80W
07/21/2010                   VERMILION          IL   TRAINED SPOTTER

            RELAYED BY VERMILION COUNTY EMA

&&

GEELHART

The office that day

Everything else NWS Lincoln, IL issued on the same UTC day.

Issued	Product	Office	Counties	Lasted
Jul 20, 8:46 PM CDT	River Flood Warning	ILX	Lawrence	3 days
Jul 21, 1:52 AM CDT	Special Weather Statement	ILX	Clay, Crawford, Jasper, Lawrence, Richland	53 min
Jul 21, 1:25 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	ILX	Vermilion	35 min
Jul 21, 1:38 PM CDT	Areal Flood Advisory	ILX	DeWitt, Macon, Piatt	3 hr
Jul 21, 2:03 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	ILX	Vermilion	28 min
Jul 21, 3:08 PM CDT	Heat Advisory	ILX	Cass, Champaign, Christian, Clark, Clay, Coles and 29 more	60 hr
Jul 21, 4:30 PM CDT	Areal Flood Advisory	ILX	McLean	3 hr

Nearby

Tornado Warnings in Illinois, 2010 Every tornado warning in 2010 Tornadoes in 2010

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.