Alert archive / Alaska / Gale Warnings in 2009

Gale Warning 345, NWS Anchorage, AK

April 4, 2009

NWS Anchorage, AK issued this gale warning at Apr 4, 2009, 4:00 AM AKDT. It was in force for 24 hr. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The counties it named.

The facts

Issued
Apr 4, 2009, 4:00 AM AKDT (12:00 UTC)
Expired
Apr 5, 2009, 4:00 AM AKDT
In force
24 hr
Issued by
NWS Anchorage, AK

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

000 
FZAK62 PAFC 041121
OFFALU

OFFSHORE WATERS FORECAST
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE ANCHORAGE AK
400 AM AKDT SAT APR 4 2009

OFFSHORE WATERS FORECAST FOR THE BERING SEA

WIND FORECASTS REFLECT THE PREDOMINANT SPEED AND DIRECTION
EXPECTED. SEA FORECASTS REPRESENT AN AVERAGE OF THE HIGHEST
ONE-THIRD OF THE COMBINED WIND WAVE AND SWELL HEIGHT.

PKZ499-050200-
400 AM AKDT SAT APR 4 2009
.SYNOPSIS FOR CENTRAL BERING SEA...

A 979 MB LOW AT 47N 166E WILL MOVE TO NEAR 59N 179E AT 987 MB SUN
NIGHT. A FRONT ASSOCIATED WITH THIS LOW WILL MOVE ACROSS THE BERING
THROUGH SAT. 

$$

PKZ411-050200-
BERING SEA OFFSHORE WEST OF 180 AND EAST OF THE INTERNATIONAL
DATELINE
400 AM AKDT SAT APR 4 2009

...GALE WARNING TODAY...

.TODAY...E WIND 35 KT. SEAS 12 FT. SNOW AND RAIN. 
.TONIGHT...E WIND 30 KT BECOMING N 20 KT AFTER MIDNIGHT. SEAS 11 FT.
.SUN...N WIND 20 KT BECOMING NW 30 KT IN THE AFTERNOON. SEAS 11 FT. 
.SUN NIGHT...NW WIND 30 KT. SEAS 12 FT. 
.MON AND TUE...W WIND 30 KT. SEAS 11 FT. 
.WED...N WIND 25 KT. SEAS 8 FT.  

$$

PKZ412-050200-
BERING SEA OFFSHORE 171W TO 180 AND NORTH OF 56N
400 AM AKDT SAT APR 4 2009

...GALE WARNING THROUGH TONIGHT...

.TODAY...SE WIND 40 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 15 FT. SNOW AND
RAIN. 
.TONIGHT...SE WIND 35 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 13 FT. SNOW AND
RAIN SHOWERS. 
.SUN...SE WIND 25 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 10 FT. RAIN AND SNOW
SHOWERS. 
.SUN NIGHT...S WIND 15 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 7 FT. 
.MON...W WIND 30 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 10 FT. 
.TUE...SW WIND 30 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 11 FT. 
.WED...W WIND 20 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 8 FT.  

$$

PKZ413-050200-
BERING SEA OFFSHORE 171W TO 180 AND SOUTH OF 56N
400 AM AKDT SAT APR 4 2009

...GALE WARNING TODAY...

.TODAY...SE WIND 40 KT. SEAS 15 FT. SNOW AND RAIN. 
.TONIGHT...S WIND 25 KT. SEAS 14 FT. RAIN AND SNOW SHOWERS. 
.SUN...S WIND 20 KT. SEAS 9 FT. RAIN AND SNOW SHOWERS. 
.SUN NIGHT...W WIND 25 KT. SEAS 9 FT. 
.MON AND TUE...W WIND 25 KT. SEAS 8 FT. 
.WED...E WIND 25 KT. SEAS 9 FT.  

$$

PKZ414-050200-
BERING SEA OFFSHORE EAST OF 171W
400 AM AKDT SAT APR 4 2009

...GALE WARNING TODAY...

.TODAY...SE WIND 20 KT INCREASING TO 35 KT IN THE AFTERNOON. SEAS IN
ICE FREE WATERS 9 FT. 
.TONIGHT...SE WIND 30 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 10 FT. SNOW AND
RAIN. 
.SUN...SE WIND 25 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 8 FT. SNOW AND RAIN
SHOWERS. 
.SUN NIGHT...S WIND 20 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 7 FT.
.MON...SW WIND 25 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 9 FT. 
.TUE...SW WIND 20 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 7 FT. 
.WED...S WIND 20 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 6 FT.  

$$
3 follow-up statements
000 
FZAK62 PAFC 050001
OFFALU

OFFSHORE WATERS FORECAST
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE ANCHORAGE AK
400 PM AKDT SAT APR 4 2009

OFFSHORE WATERS FORECAST FOR THE BERING SEA

WIND FORECASTS REFLECT THE PREDOMINANT SPEED AND DIRECTION
EXPECTED. SEA FORECASTS REPRESENT AN AVERAGE OF THE HIGHEST
ONE-THIRD OF THE COMBINED WIND WAVE AND SWELL HEIGHT.

PKZ499-051400-
400 PM AKDT SAT APR 4 2009
.SYNOPSIS FOR CENTRAL BERING SEA...
A 984 MB LOW NEAR 50N 170E WILL MOVE TO NEAR 62N 178W AT 987 MB MON
AFTERNOON. THE ASSOCIATED FRONT WILL MOVE THROUGH THE EASTERN
ALEUTIANS TONIGHT AND WEAKEN OVER THE ALASKA PENINSULA SUNDAY.

$$

PKZ411-051400-
BERING SEA OFFSHORE WEST OF 180 AND EAST OF THE INTERNATIONAL
DATELINE
400 PM AKDT SAT APR 4 2009

.TONIGHT...SE WIND 25 KT. SEAS 17 FT. SNOW AND RAIN. 
.SUN...N WIND 30 KT. SEAS 15 FT. SNOW AND RAIN SHOWERS. 
.SUN NIGHT...NW WIND 30 KT. SEAS 13 FT. 
.MON...W WIND 30 KT. SEAS 12 FT. 
.MON NIGHT AND TUE...W WIND 35 KT. SEAS 15 FT. 
.WED...N WIND 25 KT. SEAS 10 FT. 
.THU...NW WIND 20 KT. SEAS 8 FT.  

$$

PKZ412-051400-
BERING SEA OFFSHORE 171W TO 180 AND NORTH OF 56N
400 PM AKDT SAT APR 4 2009

...GALE WARNING TONIGHT...

.TONIGHT...SE WIND 35 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 16 FT. SNOW AND
RAIN. 
.SUN...SE WIND 25 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 14 FT. RAIN AND SNOW. 
.SUN NIGHT...S WIND 15 KT BECOMING SW 25 KT AFTER MIDNIGHT. SEAS IN
ICE FREE WATERS 11 FT. RAIN AND SNOW. 
.MON...W WIND 30 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 12 FT. 
.MON NIGHT...SW WIND 35 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 15 FT. 
.TUE...W WIND 30 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 16 FT. 
.WED...NW WIND 20 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 12 FT. 
.THU...N WIND 20 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 6 FT.  

$$

PKZ413-051400-
BERING SEA OFFSHORE 171W TO 180 AND SOUTH OF 56N
400 PM AKDT SAT APR 4 2009

.TONIGHT...SE WIND 35 KT DIMINISHING TO S 25 KT THIS EVENING. 
SEAS 14 FT. RAIN. 
.SUN...S WIND 25 KT. SEAS 12 FT. RAIN SHOWERS. 
.SUN NIGHT...W WIND 25 KT. SEAS 11 FT. 
.MON...SW WIND 25 KT. SEAS 12 FT. 
.WED...SE WIND 30 KT. SEAS 12 FT. 
.THU...N WIND 30 KT. SEAS 10 FT.  

$$

PKZ414-051400-
BERING SEA OFFSHORE EAST OF 171W
400 PM AKDT SAT APR 4 2009

...GALE WARNING TONIGHT...

.TONIGHT...SE WIND 35 KT DIMINISHING TO 25 KT AFTER MIDNIGHT. SEAS IN
ICE FREE WATERS 11 FT. SNOW AND RAIN. 
.SUN...SE WIND 25 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 9 FT. SNOW AND RAIN.
.SUN NIGHT...S WIND 20 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 9 FT. RAIN AND
SNOW SHOWERS. 
.MON...SW WIND 25 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 9 FT. 
.MON NIGHT AND TUE...W WIND 20 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 9 FT. 
.WED...S WIND 20 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 10 FT. 
.THU...NE WIND 25 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 7 FT. 

$$
000 
FZAK62 PAFC 050715 AAA
OFFALU

OFFSHORE WATERS FORECAST...UPDATED
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE ANCHORAGE AK
1115 PM AKDT SAT APR 4 2009
 
UPDATED ZONES 411, 413.

OFFSHORE WATERS FORECAST FOR THE BERING SEA

WIND FORECASTS REFLECT THE PREDOMINANT SPEED AND DIRECTION
EXPECTED. SEA FORECASTS REPRESENT AN AVERAGE OF THE HIGHEST
ONE-THIRD OF THE COMBINED WIND WAVE AND SWELL HEIGHT.

PKZ499-051400-
400 PM AKDT SAT APR 4 2009
.SYNOPSIS FOR CENTRAL BERING SEA...
A 984 MB LOW NEAR 50N 170E WILL MOVE TO NEAR 62N 178W AT 987 MB MON
AFTERNOON. THE ASSOCIATED FRONT WILL MOVE THROUGH THE EASTERN
ALEUTIANS TONIGHT AND WEAKEN OVER THE ALASKA PENINSULA SUNDAY.

$$

PKZ411-051400-
BERING SEA OFFSHORE WEST OF 180 AND EAST OF THE INTERNATIONAL
DATELINE
1115 PM AKDT SAT APR 4 2009

.TONIGHT...NE WIND 25 KT. SEAS 17 FT. SNOW AND RAIN. 
.SUN...N WIND 30 KT. SEAS 15 FT. SNOW AND RAIN SHOWERS. 
.SUN NIGHT...NW WIND 30 KT. SEAS 13 FT. 
.MON...W WIND 30 KT. SEAS 12 FT. 
.MON NIGHT AND TUE...W WIND 35 KT. SEAS 15 FT. 
.WED...N WIND 25 KT. SEAS 10 FT. 
.THU...NW WIND 20 KT. SEAS 8 FT.  

$$

PKZ412-051400-
BERING SEA OFFSHORE 171W TO 180 AND NORTH OF 56N
400 PM AKDT SAT APR 4 2009

...GALE WARNING TONIGHT...

.TONIGHT...SE WIND 35 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 16 FT. SNOW AND
RAIN. 
.SUN...SE WIND 25 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 14 FT. RAIN AND SNOW. 
.SUN NIGHT...S WIND 15 KT BECOMING SW 25 KT AFTER MIDNIGHT. SEAS IN
ICE FREE WATERS 11 FT. RAIN AND SNOW. 
.MON...W WIND 30 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 12 FT. 
.MON NIGHT...SW WIND 35 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 15 FT. 
.TUE...W WIND 30 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 16 FT. 
.WED...NW WIND 20 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 12 FT. 
.THU...N WIND 20 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 6 FT.  

$$

PKZ413-051400-
BERING SEA OFFSHORE 171W TO 180 AND SOUTH OF 56N
1115 PM AKDT SAT APR 4 2009

.TONIGHT...S WIND 25 KT. SEAS 14 FT. RAIN. 
.SUN...S WIND 25 KT. SEAS 12 FT. RAIN SHOWERS. 
.SUN NIGHT...W WIND 25 KT. SEAS 11 FT. 
.MON...SW WIND 25 KT. SEAS 12 FT. 
.WED...SE WIND 30 KT. SEAS 12 FT. 
.THU...N WIND 30 KT. SEAS 10 FT.  

$$

PKZ414-051400-
BERING SEA OFFSHORE EAST OF 171W
400 PM AKDT SAT APR 4 2009

...GALE WARNING TONIGHT...

.TONIGHT...SE WIND 35 KT DIMINISHING TO 25 KT AFTER MIDNIGHT. SEAS IN
ICE FREE WATERS 11 FT. SNOW AND RAIN. 
.SUN...SE WIND 25 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 9 FT. SNOW AND RAIN.
.SUN NIGHT...S WIND 20 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 9 FT. RAIN AND
SNOW SHOWERS. 
.MON...SW WIND 25 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 9 FT. 
.MON NIGHT AND TUE...W WIND 20 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 9 FT. 
.WED...S WIND 20 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 10 FT. 
.THU...NE WIND 25 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 7 FT. 

$$
000 
FZAK62 PAFC 051136
OFFALU

OFFSHORE WATERS FORECAST
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE ANCHORAGE AK
400 AM AKDT SUN APR 5 2009

OFFSHORE WATERS FORECAST FOR THE BERING SEA

WIND FORECASTS REFLECT THE PREDOMINANT SPEED AND DIRECTION
EXPECTED. SEA FORECASTS REPRESENT AN AVERAGE OF THE HIGHEST
ONE-THIRD OF THE COMBINED WIND WAVE AND SWELL HEIGHT.

PKZ499-060200-
400 AM AKDT SUN APR 5 2009
.SYNOPSIS FOR CENTRAL BERING SEA...

A 987 MB LOW NEAR 56N 178E WILL MOVE TO NEAR 61N 176W AT 986 MB MON
NIGHT. 

$$

PKZ411-060200-
BERING SEA OFFSHORE WEST OF 180 AND EAST OF THE INTERNATIONAL
DATELINE
400 AM AKDT SUN APR 5 2009

...GALE WARNING MONDAY...

.TODAY...NW WIND 30 KT. SEAS 13 FT. SNOW SHOWERS. 
.TONIGHT...NW WIND 30 KT. SEAS 12 FT. 
.MON...W WIND 40 KT. SEAS 17 FT. 
.MON NIGHT...W WIND 35 KT. SEAS 15 FT. 
.TUE...W WIND 30 KT. SEAS 11 FT. 
.WED...NE WIND 30 KT. SEAS 10 FT. 
.THU...NW WIND 25 KT. SEAS 8 FT.  

$$

PKZ412-060200-
BERING SEA OFFSHORE 171W TO 180 AND NORTH OF 56N
400 AM AKDT SUN APR 5 2009

...GALE WARNING MONDAY...

.TODAY...S WIND 25 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 12 FT. RAIN AND SNOW
SHOWERS. 
.TONIGHT...S WIND 20 KT BECOMING NW 30 KT AFTER MIDNIGHT. SEAS IN 
ICE FREE WATERS 10 FT. RAIN AND SNOW SHOWERS. 
.MON...W WIND 40 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 17 FT. 
.MON NIGHT...W WIND 45 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 20 FT. 
.TUE...W WIND 40 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 18 FT. 
.WED...N WIND 20 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 11 FT. 
.THU...N WIND 25 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 8 FT.  

$$

PKZ413-060200-
BERING SEA OFFSHORE 171W TO 180 AND SOUTH OF 56N
400 AM AKDT SUN APR 5 2009

.TODAY...SW WIND 25 KT. SEAS 9 FT. RAIN AND SNOW SHOWERS. 
.TONIGHT...SW WIND 20 KT BECOMING NW 30 KT AFTER MIDNIGHT. 
SEAS 10 FT. 
.MON THROUGH TUE...W WIND 30 KT. SEAS 11 FT. 
.WED...E WIND 35 KT. SEAS 12 FT. 
.THU...N WIND 35 KT. SEAS 13 FT.  

$$

PKZ414-060200-
BERING SEA OFFSHORE EAST OF 171W
400 AM AKDT SUN APR 5 2009

.TODAY...S WIND 25 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 10 FT. RAIN AND SNOW
SHOWERS. 
.TONIGHT...S WIND 25 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 8 FT. RAIN AND 
SNOW SHOWERS. 
.MON...W WIND 25 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 8 FT. RAIN AND SNOW
SHOWERS. 
.MON NIGHT AND TUE...SW WIND 30 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 11 FT. 
.WED...SW WIND 25 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 9 FT. 
.THU...NE WIND 25 KT. SEAS IN ICE FREE WATERS 8 FT.  

$$

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this gale warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Anchorage, AK wrote its last area forecast discussion before this gale warning went out at Apr 4, 4:00 AM AKDT, 0 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Apr 4, 4:00 AM AKDT, 0 minutes before
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
SOUTHCENTRAL AND SOUTHWEST ALASKA
400 AM AKDT SAT APR 4 2009

.ANALYSIS AND UPPER LEVELS...
A 996 MB LOW IS EVIDENT ON SATELLITE IMAGERY OVER THE NORTHERN GULF
OF ALASKA. A ROBUST 979 MB NORTH PACIFIC LOW IS CURRENTLY WELL
SOUTHWEST OF SHEMYA. WATER VAPOR IMAGERY SHOWS DEEP MOISTURE
TRANSPORT FROM THE SUBTROPICS AHEAD OF THIS SYSTEM. A FRONT
ASSOCIATED WITH THIS LOW IS MOVING ACROSS THE CENTRAL BERING SEA AND
ALEUTIANS. IN THE UPPER LEVELS...A DEEP TROUGH IS CENTERED OVER THE
MAINLAND AND GULF OF ALASKA. ANOTHER TROUGH IS DEEPENING OVER THE
WESTERN ALEUTIANS AND BERING SEA. TRANSITORY RIDGING OVER THE EASTERN
BERING AND ALEUTIANS IS LOCATED BETWEEN THESE TROUGHS.

.MODEL DISCUSSION...
MODEL CONSENSUS IS GOOD THROUGH MONDAY. DIFFERENCES BEGIN TO INCREASE
BETWEEN MODEL SOLUTIONS AFTER THIS TIME. OVERALL HANDLING OF THE
NORTH PACIFIC LOW MOVING INTO THE BERING SEEMS TO BE GOOD
THOUGH...AND IS THE MAIN FORECAST CHALLENGE THROUGH THE NEXT SEVERAL
DAYS. THE GFS CONTINUES TO BE THE MODEL OF CHOICE DUE TO GOOD
INITIALIZATION AND CONSISTENCY.

.SHORT TERM FORECAST...
.SOUTHCENTRAL...
AS THE GULF LOW MOVES NORTHEAST AND DISSIPATES THROUGH THE
WEEKEND...PROGRESSIVE HIGH PRESSURE WILL MOVE ACROSS SOUTHCENTRAL.
PESKY SNOW SHOWERS WILL BE SLOW TO CLEAR OUT OF PRINCE WILLIAM SOUND
AND THE COPPER RIVER BASIN TODAY. SUNDAY WILL BRING DRY CONDITIONS
OVER ALMOST ALL OF SOUTHCENTRAL...WITH MOISTURE PUSHING BACK INTO THE
AREA ON MONDAY.

.SOUTHWEST...
MAINLY QUIET CONDITIONS OVER THE WEEKEND AS HIGH PRESSURE MOVES EAST
OF THE AREA. THE AKPEN WILL SEE INCREASED MOISTURE TONIGHT INTO
SUNDAY AS THE FRONT ASSOCIATED WITH THE NORTH PACIFIC LOW MOVES EAST.
EXPECT A RAIN SNOW MIX DUE TO STRONG WARM ADVECTION AHEAD OF THE
FRONT. SCATTERED SNOW SHOWERS WILL BE MOVING INTO WESTERN PORTIONS OF
THE KUSKOKWIM DELTA AND BRISTOL BAY LATE SUNDAY AS THE FRONT MOVES
INTO THAT AREA AS WELL.

.BERING SEA AND ALEUTIANS...
PRECIPITATION ASSOCIATED WITH THE AFOREMENTIONED FRONT WILL BE MOVING
ACROSS THE CENTRAL AND EASTERN ALEUTIANS TODAY INTO TONIGHT. WARM AIR
WILL MEAN MOST LOCATIONS WILL SEE PLAIN RAIN. THE PRIBILOFS WILL
START AS SNOW TONIGHT BEFORE TRANSITIONING TO A RAIN SNOW MIX
TOMORROW. AS THE LOW MOVES INTO THE BERING LATE TODAY...RAIN AND SNOW
SHOWERS WILL PERSIST ACROSS THE AREA INTO THE BEGINNING OF NEXT WEEK.

.LONG TERM FORECAST...
THE UPPER TROUGH WILL BE ESTABLISHING ITSELF OVER THE BERING SEA
THROUGH NEXT WEEK...WITH VARIOUS SURFACE LOWS MOVING FROM THE NORTH
PACIFIC ALONG THE ALEUTIANS. ALBEIT LESS PROGRESSIVE THAN
RECENTLY...CONDITIONS WILL STILL REMAIN ACTIVE ACROSS SOUTHWEST AND
SOUTHCENTRAL ALASKA THROUGH THE END OF THE WEEK.

.AER/ALU...WATCH/WARNING SUMMARY
PUBLIC...NONE
MARINE...GALE...120 130 132 150 155 170 172 185
         HEAVY FREEZING SPRAY...121 129 165
FIRE WEATHER...NONE

NRH APR 09

The office that day

Everything else NWS Anchorage, AK issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Apr 3, 4:00 PM AKDTGale WarningAFC24 hr
Apr 3, 4:00 PM AKDTSmall Craft AdvisoryAFC36 hr
Apr 3, 4:00 PM AKDTSmall Craft AdvisoryAFC36 hr
Apr 3, 4:20 PM AKDTStorm WarningAFC12 hr
Apr 3, 4:50 PM AKDTGale WarningAFC11 hr
Apr 3, 4:50 PM AKDTSmall Craft AdvisoryAFC11 hr
Apr 4, 4:00 AM AKDTGale WarningAFC24 hr
Apr 4, 4:00 AM AKDTSmall Craft AdvisoryAFC12 hr
Apr 4, 4:00 AM AKDTSmall Craft AdvisoryAFC60 hr
Apr 4, 4:00 AM AKDTHeavy Freezing Spray WarningAFC12 hr
Apr 4, 6:13 AM AKDTFlash Flood WarningAFC6 hr
Apr 4, 6:28 AM AKDTAshfall AdvisoryAFC5 hr
Apr 4, 1:11 PM AKDTWinter Weather AdvisoryAFC3 hr

Nearby

Gale Warnings in Alaska, 2009Every gale warning in 2009

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text.