Alert archive / Georgia / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2008

Severe Thunderstorm Warning 225, NWS Atlanta, GA

May 11, 2008Crisp County, Wilcox County, Georgia

NWS Atlanta, GA issued this severe thunderstorm warning at May 11, 2008, 6:36 AM EDT for Crisp County, Wilcox County, Georgia. It was in force for 39 min. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued: May 11, 2008, 6:36 AM EDT (10:36 UTC)
Expired: May 11, 2008, 7:15 AM EDT
In force: 39 min
Issued by: NWS Atlanta, GA
Area: Storm-based polygon

Counties Crisp County, GA, Wilcox County, GA

The radar

The Robins AFB radar (KJGX), 86 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 10:38 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

Did it verify

Not verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow found no qualifying storm report inside this severe thunderstorm warning while it was in force. That is not proof nothing happened: reports are thin where few people live.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The watch it was issued in

The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.

Issued	Product	Office	Lasted
May 11, 2:37 AM EDT	Tornado Watch	SPC	7 hr

The nearest sounding before it

Peachtre/Fal Fld, GA (KFFC), launched 00:00Z, 10.6 hours before the alert went out and 181 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-p

Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.

Hodograph

The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.

Mixed-layer CAPE: 1834 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN: -10 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL: 852 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear: 51 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity: 138 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity: 226 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter: 2.1
Supercell composite: 11.1

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

000 
WUUS52 KFFC 111036
SVRFFC
GAC081-315-111115-
/O.NEW.KFFC.SV.W.0225.080511T1036Z-080511T1115Z/

BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE PEACHTREE CITY GA
636 AM EDT SUN MAY 11 2008

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN PEACHTREE CITY HAS ISSUED A

* SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR...
  CRISP COUNTY IN CENTRAL GEORGIA
  WILCOX COUNTY IN CENTRAL GEORGIA

* UNTIL 715 AM EDT

* AT 634 AM EDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A
  LINE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS CAPABLE OF PRODUCING DAMAGING WINDS UP
  TO 60 MPH.  THESE STORMS WERE LOCATED ALONG A LINE EXTENDING FROM
  18 MILES NORTHEAST OF PINEVIEW TO 11 MILES NORTHWEST OF PINEVIEW TO
  10 MILES NORTH OF GEORGIA VETERANS STATE PARK...MOVING SOUTHEAST AT
  55 MPH.

* OTHER LOCATIONS IN THE WARNING INCLUDE BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO
  RAINES...CORDELE...WENONA...HATLEY...ROCHELLE...ABBEVILLE AND
  BROWNING.

A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1000 AM EDT SUNDAY MORNING 
FOR GEORGIA.

IF YOU SEE WIND DAMAGE...LARGE HAIL OR SIGNIFICANT FLOODING...WAIT
UNTIL THE STORM HAS PASSED...AND THEN CALL THE NATIONAL WEATHER
SERVICE TOLL FREE AT 1 8 6 6 7 6 3 4 4 6 6.

LAT...LON 3185 8394 3194 8392 3202 8396 3202 8361
      3210 8360 3213 8337 3208 8330 3197 8328
      3192 8321 3185 8318 3183 8360 3181 8361
      3180 8366 3180 8380
TIME...MOT...LOC 1036Z 313DEG 48KT 3230 8332 3220 8362
          3209 8395

$$

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Atlanta, GA wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at May 11, 5:40 AM EDT, 56 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, May 11, 5:40 AM EDT, 56 minutes before

AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE PEACHTREE CITY GA
540 AM EDT SUN MAY 11 2008

.SHORT TERM /TODAY THROUGH TUESDAY/...
STRONG LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM PROGD TO LIFT ACROSS THE OHIO VALLEY
REGION TODAY...PULLING A COLD FRONT ACROSS THE SOUTHEAST U.S.
FRONT PROGD TO PUSH INTO EXTREME NORTHWEST GEORGIA BY 12Z THIS MORNING
...NEARING AN ATL TO AHN LINE BY NOON...THEN MOVING OUT OF THE
COUNTY WARNING AREA BY DAYS END. WITH WIDESPREAD SHOWERS/TSTORMS
(SOME STORMS SEVERE) ALONG AND AHEAD OF THE FRONT...WILL GO WITH
LIKELY TO CATEGORICAL POPS MOST AREAS THIS MORNING...THEN
TAPERING POPS OFF FROM THE NORTHWEST DURING THE AFTERNOON WITH
THE HIGHEST POPS ACROSS SOUTHEAST SECTIONS. WINDS LOOK TO PICK UP
QUITE A BIT BEHIND THE FRONT THIS AFTERNOON AND WILL ISSUE WIND
ADVISORY FOR AFTERNOON INTO THIS EVENING FOR MUCH OF THE AREA.
FRONT CONTINUES TO PUSH ACROSS SOUTH GEORGIA TONIGHT BUT MODELS
MAINTAIN SOME DEEPER MOISTURE ACROSS THE EXTREME NORTH IN WRAP-
AROUND. WILL CARRY SLIGHT CHANCE POPS MAINLY IN THE MOUNTAINS TO
COVER ANY LINGERING SHOWERS. LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM CONTINUES TO MOVE
UP ACROSS THE NEW ENGLAND STATES MONDAY AS HIGH PRESSURE BUILDS
EAST FROM TEXAS. COOLER AIRMASS SETTLE IN OVER THE STATE MONDAY
WITH HIGHS RUNNING SOME 5 TO 10 DEGREES BELOW NORMAL. DRY FORECAST
CONTINUES TUESDAY AS SURFACE HIGH MOVES ACROSS THE STATE WITH
TEMPERATURES RETURNING BACK TO MORE NORMAL LEVELS.

.LONG TERM /TUESDAY NIGHT THROUGH SATURDAY/...
EXTENDED PROGS SIMILAR WITH HIGH PRESSURE BEGINNING TO SHIFT OFF
THE SOUTHEAST COAST TUESDAY NIGHT AS THE NEXT STORM SYSTEM PUSHES
ACROSS THE CENTRAL U.S. LATEST GFS RUN SHOW DEEPER MOISTURE
SPREADING INTO NORTH GEORGIA WEDNESDAY AS A WEAK IMPULSE SKIRTS
ACROSS THE TENNESSEE VALLEY. FRONT PUSHES INTO NORTH GEORGIA
WEDNESDAY NIGHT THEN APPEAR TO BECOME STATIONARY ACROSS THE AREA
INTO FRIDAY AS SERIES OF WEAK IMPULSES MOVE ACROSS THE SOUTHEAST.
UNSETTLED WEATHER LOOK TO CONTINUE UNTIL FRONT PUSHES SOUTH OF THE
COUNTY WARNING AREA SATURDAY.

&&

.AVIATION...
PRIMARY CONCERN IS STRONG STORMS MOVING EAST AWAY FROM ATL METRO
AIRPORTS ALSO STRONG STORMS FROM NEAR CSG TO OPN TO MCN. WIDESPREAD
STORMS AND PRECIPITATION SHOULD COME TO AN END BY 12Z IN ATL METRO
AREA AND BY 18Z IN AREAS SOUTH AND EAST OF MCN. CIGS SHOULD IMPROVE
RAPIDLY AROUND SAME TIME. WEST WINDS EXPECTED TO GUST TO 25-30KTS
BEHIND STORMS AND COLD FRONT THIS AFTERNOON...SUBSIDING TO 12-15KTS
SUSTAINED AFTER 00Z.

SNELSON

&&

.PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS...
ATHENS          77  50  74  47  77 /  80   5   0   5   5
ATLANTA         77  51  71  51  79 /  70   5   0   5   5
BLAIRSVILLE     68  46  67  41  75 /  80  20  10   5   5
CARTERSVILLE    74  47  72  44  78 /  60  10   5   5   5
COLUMBUS        83  57  78  51  85 /  70   0   0   5   5
GAINESVILLE     77  51  71  49  76 /  80  20  10   5   5
MACON           84  49  79  47  82 /  70   0   0   5   5
ROME            74  49  78  46  82 /  50  10   5   5   5
PEACHTREE CITY  77  47  73  43  81 /  70   0   0   5   5
VIDALIA         84  53  79  50  81 /  80   0   0   5   5

&&

.FFC WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
WIND ADVISORY FROM NOON TODAY TO MIDNIGHT EDT TONIGHT FOR MUCH
OF NORTH AND CENTRAL GEORGIA.

&&

49

Hazardous weather outlook, May 11, 5:00 AM EDT, 1 hour 36 minutes before

HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE PEACHTREE CITY GA
500 AM EDT SUN MAY 11 2008

GAZ001>009-011>016-019>025-027-030>039-041>062-066>076-078>086-
089>098-102>113-121000-
BALDWIN-BANKS-BARROW-BARTOW-BIBB-BLECKLEY-BUTTS-CARROLL-CATOOSA-
CHATTAHOOCHEE-CHATTOOGA-CHEROKEE-CLARKE-CLAYTON-COBB-COWETA-
CRAWFORD-CRISP-DADE-DAWSON-DEKALB-DODGE-DOOLY-DOUGLAS-EMANUEL-
FANNIN-FAYETTE-FLOYD-FORSYTH-GILMER-GLASCOCK-GORDON-GREENE-
GWINNETT-HALL-HANCOCK-HARALSON-HARRIS-HEARD-HENRY-HOUSTON-JACKSON-
JASPER-JEFFERSON-JOHNSON-JONES-LAMAR-LAURENS-LUMPKIN-MACON-
MADISON-MARION-MERIWETHER-MONROE-MONTGOMERY-MORGAN-MURRAY-
MUSCOGEE-NEWTON-NORTH FULTON-OCONEE-OGLETHORPE-PAULDING-PEACH-
PICKENS-PIKE-POLK-PULASKI-PUTNAM-ROCKDALE-SCHLEY-SOUTH FULTON-
SPALDING-STEWART-SUMTER-TALBOT-TALIAFERRO-TAYLOR-TELFAIR-TOOMBS-
TOWNS-TREUTLEN-TROUP-TWIGGS-UNION-UPSON-WALKER-WALTON-WARREN-
WASHINGTON-WEBSTER-WHEELER-WHITE-WHITFIELD-WILCOX-WILKES-
WILKINSON-
500 AM EDT SUN MAY 11 2008

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR NORTH AND CENTRAL GEORGIA.

.DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT
SCATTERED SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ARE EXPECTED THROUGH 10 AM ACROSS
NORTH GEORGIA. SCATTERED SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ARE EXPECTED THROUGH
4 PM ACROSS CENTRAL GEORGIA.

.SYNOPSIS...
A STRONG WARM FRONT WAS LOCATED THIS MORNING FROM NEAR CEDARTOWN TO
ATLANTA TO NEAR ATHENS AND WAS MOVING SLOWLY NORTH.  A COLD FRONT
LOCATED IN WESTERN ALABAMA WILL MOVE EAST INTO GEORGIA LATER TODAY.

.PRIMARY HAZARDS...
THE PRIMARY HAZARDS WILL BE LARGE HAIL AND DAMAGING WINDS. ISOLATED
TORNADOES ARE ALSO POSSIBLE.

.DISCUSSION...
INSTABILITY WILL INCREASE TODAY AS THE WARM FRONT LIFTS NORTH.
MIXED LAYER CAPE VALUES RANGE FROM 1000 TO 2000 ALONG AND SOUTH OF
THE WARM FRONT. VERTICAL WIND SHEAR WILL STILL REMAIN MODERATELY
STRONG WITH HELICITY VALUES OF AROUND 75 TO 150. ELEVATED STRONG
STORMS NORTH OF THE WARM FRONT IN FAR NORTH GEORGIA MAY PRODUCE
LARGE HAIL. OTHERWISE...ACROSS THE REST OF NORTH AND CENTRAL GEORGIA
LARGE HAIL...DAMAGING WINDS AND TORNADOES WILL BE POSSIBLE THROUGH
THE EARLY AFTERNOON.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...MONDAY THROUGH SATURDAY
THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE POSSIBLE ON WEDNESDAY...THURSDAY AND EARLY
FRIDAY. OTHERWISE NO OTHER HAZARDOUS WEATHER IS EXPECTED AT THIS
TIME.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...
SPOTTERS SHOULD ALREADY BE ACTIVATED THIS THIS MORNING ACROSS NORTH
AND CENTRAL GEORGIA AND REMAIN ALERT THROUGH THIS AFTERNOON MAINLY
ACROSS CENTRAL GEORGIA AS THE STORMS MOVE EAST.

In the hours before

Local storm report, May 11, 5:12 AM EDT, 1 hour 24 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE PEACHTREE CITY GA
512 AM EDT SUN MAY 11 2008

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0419 AM     TSTM WND DMG     1 E CARROLLTON          33.58N 85.06W
05/11/2008                   CARROLL            GA   PUBLIC

            POSSIBLE TORNADO HAS CAUSED SIGNIFICANT TREE AND
            STRUCTURE DAMAGE ON THE EAST SIDE OF CARROLLTON NEAR LAKE
            CARROLL.

&&

MGRIESIN

Local storm report, May 11, 5:15 AM EDT, 1 hour 21 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE PEACHTREE CITY GA
515 AM EDT SUN MAY 11 2008

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0453 AM     TORNADO          4 N FAIRBURN            33.62N 84.58W
05/11/2008                   FULTON             GA   EMERGENCY MNGR

            POSSIBLE TORNADO HEAVILY DAMAGED HOME AT 4800 BLOCK OF
            TRIGGER LANE.

&&

SNELSON

Local storm report, May 11, 5:51 AM EDT, 45 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE PEACHTREE CITY GA
551 AM EDT SUN MAY 11 2008

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0520 AM     TSTM WND DMG     2 E THOMASTON           32.89N 84.29W
05/11/2008                   UPSON              GA   COUNTY OFFICIAL

            TREES ARE DOWN ON THE EAST SIDE OF THOMASTON AND ALONG
            HIGHWAY 74 TOWARDS YATESVILLE

&&

MGRIESIN

Local storm report, May 11, 6:19 AM EDT, 17 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE PEACHTREE CITY GA
619 AM EDT SUN MAY 11 2008

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0555 AM     TSTM WND DMG     BYRON                   32.65N 83.76W
05/11/2008                   PEACH              GA   COUNTY OFFICIAL

            SEVERAL TREES ARE DOWN IN THE NORTHERN PART OF THE
            COUNTY.

&&

MGRIESIN

Local storm report, May 11, 6:26 AM EDT, 10 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE PEACHTREE CITY GA
626 AM EDT SUN MAY 11 2008

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0410 AM     TORNADO          8 ENE LA GRANGE         33.09N 84.91W
05/11/2008                   TROUP              GA   EMERGENCY MNGR

            POSSIBLE TORNADO TOOK ROOF OFF HOME AT PERKINS AND KEITH
            ROAD.

&&

SNELSON

Local storm report, May 11, 6:34 AM EDT, 2 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE PEACHTREE CITY GA
634 AM EDT SUN MAY 11 2008

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0600 AM     TSTM WND DMG     3 WSW MACON             32.82N 83.70W
05/11/2008                   BIBB               GA   PUBLIC

            NUMEROUS TREES AND POWER LINES DOWN NEAR 4300 BLOCK OF
            PERSHING AVE IN WEST MACON.

&&

SNELSON

The office that day

Everything else NWS Atlanta, GA issued on the same UTC day.

Issued	Product	Office	Counties	Lasted
May 10, 8:13 PM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Jefferson	31 min
May 10, 9:31 PM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Crisp, Wilcox	44 min
May 10, 9:59 PM EDT	Tornado Warning	FFC	Dodge, Telfair, Wilcox	31 min
May 10, 10:24 PM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Dodge, Telfair	51 min
May 10, 10:47 PM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Dodge, Laurens, Montgomery, Telfair, Wheeler	43 min
May 11, 2:08 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Douglas, Fulton	41 min
May 11, 2:22 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Clayton, DeKalb, Fulton	38 min
May 11, 2:33 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Newton, Rockdale	42 min
May 11, 2:50 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	White	25 min
May 11, 3:06 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Morgan, Oconee, Walton	39 min
May 11, 3:07 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Harris, Troup	53 min
May 11, 3:32 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Clarke, Oglethorpe, Wilkes	43 min
May 11, 3:33 AM EDT	Tornado Warning	FFC	Troup	42 min
May 11, 4:01 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Talbot, Upson	44 min
May 11, 4:09 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Carroll	36 min
May 11, 4:14 AM EDT	Tornado Warning	FFC	Meriwether, Troup	46 min
May 11, 4:21 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Carroll, Douglas, Fulton	54 min
May 11, 4:25 AM EDT	Tornado Warning	FFC	Carroll, Douglas, Fulton	50 min
May 11, 4:31 AM EDT	Wind Advisory	FFC	Baldwin, Banks, Barrow, Bartow, Bibb, Bleckley and 90 more	35 hr
May 11, 4:44 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Clayton, DeKalb, Henry, Rockdale	46 min
May 11, 4:52 AM EDT	Tornado Warning	FFC	Clayton, DeKalb, Fulton, Henry	53 min
May 11, 5:03 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Meriwether, Pike, Upson	42 min
May 11, 5:12 AM EDT	Tornado Warning	FFC	Lamar, Pike, Upson	33 min
May 11, 5:22 AM EDT	Tornado Warning	FFC	Newton, Rockdale	38 min
May 11, 5:28 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Chattahoochee, Marion	37 min
May 11, 5:37 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Crawford, Monroe, Upson	23 min
May 11, 5:37 AM EDT	Tornado Warning	FFC	Bibb, Crawford, Monroe	38 min
May 11, 5:50 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Baldwin, Jones	55 min
May 11, 5:52 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Macon, Schley	38 min
May 11, 5:54 AM EDT	Tornado Warning	FFC	Bibb, Twiggs	36 min
May 11, 5:58 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Jasper, Morgan, Putnam	62 min
May 11, 6:10 AM EDT	Tornado Warning	FFC	Twiggs, Wilkinson	35 min
May 11, 6:12 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Bleckley, Dooly, Houston, Macon, Peach, Pulaski and 1 more	48 min
May 11, 6:26 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Bleckley, Dodge, Laurens, Treutlen	49 min
May 11, 6:32 AM EDT	Tornado Warning	FFC	Johnson, Laurens, Washington, Wilkinson	43 min
May 11, 6:39 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Glascock, Jefferson, Washington	51 min
May 11, 6:43 AM EDT	Tornado Warning	FFC	Jefferson, Washington	47 min
May 11, 6:48 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Montgomery, Telfair, Toombs, Wheeler	57 min
May 11, 6:52 AM EDT	Tornado Warning	FFC	Emanuel	38 min
May 11, 6:56 AM EDT	Tornado Warning	FFC	Laurens, Montgomery, Toombs, Treutlen, Wheeler	47 min
May 11, 7:10 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Crisp, Wilcox	50 min
May 11, 7:18 AM EDT	Tornado Warning	FFC	Crisp, Sumter	57 min
May 11, 7:54 AM EDT	Tornado Warning	FFC	Crisp, Wilcox	36 min
May 11, 8:23 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FFC	Telfair	23 min

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Georgia, 2008 Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2008

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.