Alert archive / Kansas / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2006
Severe Thunderstorm Warning 96, NWS Dodge City, KS
NWS Dodge City, KS issued this severe thunderstorm warning at May 30, 2006, 2:34 AM CDT for Clark County, Kansas. It was in force for 41 min. 3 reports came from inside the area while it was in force.
The area
The outline as issued, with what was reported inside it.
The facts
- Issued
- May 30, 2006, 2:34 AM CDT (07:34 UTC)
- Expired
- May 30, 2006, 3:15 AM CDT
- In force
- 41 min
- Issued by
- NWS Dodge City, KS
- Area
- Counties, with a storm outline in the text
County Clark County, KS
The radar
The Dodge City radar (KDDC), 62 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 07:34 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.
Open the radar archive at this moment
The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.
What was reported inside it
| Time | Report | Where | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
| May 30, 3:00 AM CDT | HAIL 0.75 | 1 Nw Acres, KS | |
| May 30, 3:00 AM CDT | HAIL 0.75 | 7 S Minneola, KS | |
| May 30, 3:15 AM CDT | HAIL 0.75 | 7 S Minneola, KS |
Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.
Did it verify
Not verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow found no qualifying storm report inside this severe thunderstorm warning while it was in force. That is not proof nothing happened: reports are thin where few people live.
Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.
The nearest sounding before it
Dodge City, (KDDC), launched 00:00Z, 7.6 hours before the alert went out and 63 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 74 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -124 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 2315 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 48 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 30 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 255 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 0.0
The text
As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.
000 WUUS53 KDDC 300734 SVRDDC KSC025-300815- /O.NEW.KDDC.SV.W.0096.060530T0734Z-060530T0815Z/ BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DODGE CITY KS 234 AM CDT TUE MAY 30 2006 THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN DODGE CITY HAS ISSUED A * SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR... CENTRAL CLARK COUNTY IN SOUTHWEST KANSAS. * UNTIL 315 AM CDT * AT 230 AM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM CAPABLE OF PRODUCING QUARTER SIZE HAIL. THIS STORM WAS LOCATED OVER CENTRAL CLARK COUNTY...OR ABOUT NEAR ACRES...AND MOVING NORTH AT 10 MPH. * LOCATIONS IMPACTED INCLUDE... RURAL RESIDENCES OF CENTRAL CLARK COUNTY... THIS INCLUDES HIGHWAY 283 BETWEEN MILE MARKERS 9 AND 24. IN ADDITION TO LARGE HAIL...CONTINUOUS CLOUD TO GROUND LIGHTNING IS OCCURRING WITH THIS STORM. MOVE INDOORS IMMEDIATELY LIGHTNING IS ONE OF NATURES NUMBER ONE KILLERS. REMEMBER...IF YOU CAN HEAR THUNDER... YOU ARE CLOSE ENOUGH TO BE STRUCK BY LIGHTNING. LAT...LON 3713 10009 3709 9980 3732 9976 3735 10009 $$ LACY
1 follow-up statement
000 WWUS53 KDDC 300751 SVSDDC SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DODGE CITY KS 252 AM CDT TUE MAY 30 2006 KSC025-300815- /O.CON.KDDC.SV.W.0096.000000T0000Z-060530T0815Z/ CLARK KS- 252 AM CDT TUE MAY 30 2006 ...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 315 AM CDT FOR CENTRAL CLARK COUNTY... AT 247 AM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR CONTINUED TO INDICATE A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM CAPABLE OF PRODUCING QUARTER SIZE HAIL. THIS STORM WAS LOCATED OVER CENTRAL CLARK COUNTY...OR ABOUT 7 MILES NORTH OF ACRES...MOVING NORTH AT 15 MPH. THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WILL OTHERWISE REMAIN OVER MAINLY RURAL AREAS OF THE INDICATED COUNTY. THIS INCLUDES HIGHWAY 283 BETWEEN MILE MARKERS 9 AND 24. LAT...LON 3713 10009 3709 9980 3732 9976 3735 10009 $$ LACY
What forecasters said that day
The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.
NWS Dodge City, KS wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at May 29, 1:44 PM CDT, 12 hours 50 minutes earlier.
Area forecast discussion, May 29, 1:44 PM CDT, 12 hours 50 minutes before
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DODGE CITY KS 144 PM CDT MON MAY 29 2006 .DISCUSSION... DAYS 1-2... COLD FRONT STRUGGLING TO MOVE SOUTHEAST WARD ACROSS PRATT AND BARBER COUNTIES THIS AFTERNOON. 925-85H FGEN AND THTE ADV STILL LINGERING OVER PORTIONS OF OUR SE CWA THIS AFTERNOON. THIS LOOKS TO BE THE MAIN AREA OF INTEREST THIS EVENING IF SOMETHING CAN GET GOING. PROGGED CAPES ALREADY IN EXCESS OF 2000J/KG JUST EAST OF THIS BOUNDARY SO UNABLE TO RULE OUT SOME HAIL WITH A FEW OF THESE TSRA LATE THIS AFTERNOON AND EARLY THIS EVENING. EXPECTING THIS WILL SHIFT EAST OF THE AREA AROUND SUNSET AND TOWARDS MIDNIGHT SOME WAA DEVELOPS NORTH OF THIS BOUNDARY. HAVE THEREFORE STARTING INCREASING POPS AFTER MIDNIGHT ACROSS THE ENTIRE CWA. GFS/NAM/SPC SREF ALL SUPPORTING CONVECTION ALSO DEVELOPING OVER ERN COLORADO LATE TONIGHT THEN MOVING EAST ALONG MID LVL BAROCLINIC ZONE ACROSS SW KS TOWARDS MORNING WHERE WE STILL ARE PROGGED TO HAVE SOME WAA/THTE ADV. GRANTED THAT THE GFS APPEARS TO BE SUFFERING FROM CONVECTIVE FEEDBACK STILL HARD TO IGNORE THIS FROM THE SREF AND NAM. FIRST GUESS IS TO KEEP HIGH CHC TO LIKELY POPS DURING THE DAY AS THIS AREA OF CONVECTION MOVES FROM WEST TO EAST ACROSS SW KS. GIVEN THE RAIN AND CLOUD COVER TEMPERATURES WILL STRUGGLE TO GET OUT OF 60S OR LOWER 70S. THE BETTER OPPORTUNITY FOR THIS TO OCCUR WILL BE NEAR THE OK BORDER AND PER COORD WITH OUN RAISE TEMPS HERE TO NEAR 80. ALL THIS CONVECTION ON TUESDAY FORCES THE BAROCLINIC ZONE FURTHER SOUTH SO ANYTHING DEVELOPING TUESDAY NIGHT LIKELY TO BE FURTHER SOUTH AS WELL. MUCH LIKE THE NAM SUGGESTS. WENT WITH HIGHEST POPS IN THE SOUTHERN CWA TUESDAY NIGHT/EARLY WED. DAYS 3-7... OVERALL...LITTLE TO CHANGE OR MODIFY IN THE EXISTING GRIDS FOR DAYS 3-7. DID LOWER POPS ON WEDNESDAY NIGHT TO SLIGHT CHANCE...AS BOTH THE NAM80 AND THE ECMWF SUGGEST THE SURFACE BOUNDARY WILL GET PUSHED SOUTH OF DDCS CWA IF ANY CONVECTION FIRES WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON. THE UPPER RIDGE BEGINS TO RE-ESTABLISH ITSELF OVER THE ROCKIES LATE THURSDAY. THIS SHOULD SEND US BACK INTO A WARM UP WITH HIGHS IN THE MID TO UPPER 90S. THE MEX GUIDANCE HAS 100F FOR DDC ON NEXT MONDAY...WHICH MAY NOT BE OUT OF LINE. THE PERSISTENT UPPER RIDGE TO OUR WEST HAS LARGELY BEEN RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ABOVE NORMAL TEMPERATURE PATTERN SINCE JANUARY. ANOTHER STRONG UPPER TROUGH WILL HAVE TO COME ALONG TO KNOCK THIS HIGH PRESSURE RIDGE OUT OF THE BLOCKING PATTERN IT ESTABLISHES...BEFORE SOUTHWEST KANSAS WILL GET ANY MEASURABLE PRECIPITATION. THIS COULD HAPPEN IN THE 8-10 DAY TIME FRAME BASED ON THE ECMWF AND HINTED BY THE GFS MODEL. THUS...TWEAKED THE 8-10 DAY OUTLOOK TO NEAR NORMAL PRECIP. && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... DDC 60 73 59 82 / 30 60 40 30 GCK 60 70 58 82 / 30 60 50 30 EHA 58 75 57 80 / 20 50 50 30 LBL 60 80 58 81 / 20 50 60 30 HYS 60 72 59 84 / 30 40 30 20 P28 66 82 62 82 / 30 50 40 40 && .DDC WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... NONE. && FN18/12
Hazardous weather outlook, May 29, 4:38 AM CDT, 21 hours 56 minutes before
HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DODGE CITY KS 438 AM CDT MON MAY 29 2006 KSZ030-031-043>046-061>064-074>078-084>088-300945- TREGO-ELLIS-SCOTT-LANE-NESS-RUSH-HAMILTON-KEARNY-FINNEY-HODGEMAN- STANTON-GRANT-HASKELL-GRAY-FORD-MORTON-STEVENS-SEWARD-MEADE-CLARK- 438 AM CDT MON MAY 29 2006 /338 AM MDT MON MAY 29 2006/ THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF CENTRAL KANSAS...SOUTHWEST KANSAS AND WEST CENTRAL KANSAS. .DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT THERE IS A CHANCE FOR SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS TONIGHT ACROSS SOUTHWEST KANSAS. THESE STORMS ARE NOT EXPECTED TO BE SEVERE...BUT THE STRONGEST STORMS MAY BE ABLE TO PRODUCE SOME DIME SIZE HAIL AND WIND GUSTS TO 50 MPH ALONG WITH DEADLY LIGHTNING. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...TUESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY THERE IS A SLIGHT CHANCE FOR SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS SOUTHWEST KANSAS ON TUESDAY AS A STATIONARY FRONT SETS UP ALONG THE KANSAS-OKLAHOMA BORDER. THERE MAY BE SOME LINGERING STORMS AROUND TUESDAY MORNING...BUT THE STRONGEST STORMS ARE EXPECTED LATE IN THE AFTERNOON BEGINNING IN THE FAR SOUTHWEST AND SPREADING NORTH AND EAST THROUGH THE OVERNIGHT HOURS. LARGE HAIL AND WIND GUSTS OVER 60 MPH ARE POSSIBLE WITH THESE STORMS. THUNDERSTORMS ARE ALSO EXPECTED TO DEVELOP AGAIN ON WEDNESDAY. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... SPOTTER ACTIVATION WILL NOT BE NEEDED TODAY OR TONIGHT. KSZ065-066-079>081-089-090-300945- PAWNEE-STAFFORD-EDWARDS-KIOWA-PRATT-COMANCHE-BARBER- 438 AM CDT MON MAY 29 2006 THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF SOUTH CENTRAL KANSAS. .DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT THERE IS A SLIGHT CHANCE FOR SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS LATE THIS AFTERNOON AND INTO THE OVERNIGHT HOURS ACROSS THE AREA. STORMS ARE EXPECTED TO DEVELOP AFTER 3 PM NEAR A STALLED OUT FRONTAL BOUNDARY. THESE STORMS ONCE THEY DEVELOP ARE EXPECTED TO RAPIDLY BECOME SEVERE WITH THE CHANCE FOR VERY LARGE HAIL AND WIND GUSTS OVER 60 MPH. LOCALLY HEAVY RAINFALL IS ALSO POSSIBLE AS STORMS ARE EXPECTED TO CONTINUE TO REDEVELOP NEAR THE FRONTAL BOUNDARY FOR SEVERAL HOURS. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...TUESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY THERE IS A SLIGHT CHANCE FOR SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS SOUTHWEST KANSAS ON TUESDAY AS A STATIONARY FRONT SETS UP ALONG THE KANSAS-OKLAHOMA BORDER. THERE MAY BE SOME LINGERING STORMS AROUND TUESDAY MORNING...BUT THE STRONGEST STORMS ARE EXPECTED LATE IN THE AFTERNOON BEGINNING IN THE FAR SOUTHWEST AND SPREADING NORTH AND EAST THROUGH THE OVERNIGHT HOURS. LARGE HAIL AND WIND GUSTS OVER 60 MPH ARE POSSIBLE WITH THESE STORMS. THUNDERSTORMS ARE ALSO EXPECTED TO DEVELOP AGAIN ON WEDNESDAY. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... SPOTTER ACTIVATION MAY BE NECESSARY AFTER 3 PM. 28
In the hours before
Local storm report, May 29, 9:46 PM CDT, 4 hours 48 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
946 PM CDT MON MAY 29 2006
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0943 PM HAIL 1 S ZOOK 38.03N 99.09W
05/29/2006 E0.88 INCH PAWNEE KS PUBLIC
&&
LEELocal storm report, May 29, 10:04 PM CDT, 4 hours 30 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
1004 PM CDT MON MAY 29 2006
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0956 PM HAIL 6 SE KINSLEY 37.86N 99.33W
05/29/2006 E1.00 INCH EDWARDS KS PUBLIC
&&
LEELocal storm report, May 29, 10:06 PM CDT, 4 hours 28 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
1006 PM CDT MON MAY 29 2006
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0957 PM HAIL 6 ESE KINSLEY 37.89N 99.31W
05/29/2006 E0.75 INCH EDWARDS KS PUBLIC
&&
LEESpecial weather statement, May 29, 10:20 PM CDT, 4 hours 14 minutes before
SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DODGE CITY KS 1020 PM CDT MON MAY 29 2006 KSZ079-300400- EDWARDS- 1020 PM CDT MON MAY 29 2006 ...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY FOR EDWARDS COUNTY... AT 1015 PM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A STRONG THUNDERSTORM NEAR FELLSBURG...MOVING EAST AT 15 MPH. PENNY SIZE HAIL IS POSSIBLE WITH THIS STORM. RESIDENTS IN EASTERN EDWARDS COUNTY...INCLUDING THE CITIES OF CENTERVIEW...FELLSBURG AND TROUSDALE...SHOULD MONITOR THE WEATHER SITUATION CLOSELY. LISTEN FOR POSSIBLE WARNINGS AND BE PREPARED TO TAKE APPROPRIATE ACTION SHOULD SEVERE WEATHER THREATEN. LAT...LON 3797 9927 3777 9928 3776 9902 3799 9902 JOHNSON
Local storm report, May 29, 10:21 PM CDT, 4 hours 13 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT...SUMMARY
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
1021 PM CDT MON MAY 29 2006
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0635 PM HAIL 5 W PRESTON 37.76N 98.65W
05/29/2006 E0.88 INCH PRATT KS PUBLIC
0700 PM HAIL 6 SSW STAFFORD 37.88N 98.64W
05/29/2006 E0.88 INCH STAFFORD KS PUBLIC
0703 PM HAIL 7 SE ST. JOHN 37.93N 98.67W
05/29/2006 E0.88 INCH STAFFORD KS PUBLIC
0715 PM HAIL 3 SW STAFFORD 37.93N 98.64W
05/29/2006 E1.00 INCH STAFFORD KS PUBLIC
0716 PM HAIL 8 ESE ST. JOHN 37.96N 98.62W
05/29/2006 E0.75 INCH STAFFORD KS PUBLIC
0720 PM HAIL 6 SE ST. JOHN 37.94N 98.68W
05/29/2006 E1.75 INCH STAFFORD KS PUBLIC
0728 PM HAIL 4 E ST. JOHN 38.00N 98.69W
05/29/2006 E1.75 INCH STAFFORD KS PUBLIC
0739 PM HAIL 5 ENE ST. JOHN 38.03N 98.68W
05/29/2006 E1.00 INCH STAFFORD KS PUBLIC
HAILED FOR 15 MINUTES
0943 PM HAIL 1 S ZOOK 38.03N 99.09W
05/29/2006 E0.88 INCH PAWNEE KS PUBLIC
0956 PM HAIL 6 SE KINSLEY 37.86N 99.33W
05/29/2006 E1.00 INCH EDWARDS KS PUBLIC
0957 PM HAIL 6 ESE KINSLEY 37.89N 99.31W
05/29/2006 E0.75 INCH EDWARDS KS PUBLIC
&&
LEESpecial weather statement, May 30, 1:50 AM CDT, 44 minutes before
SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DODGE CITY KS 150 AM CDT TUE MAY 30 2006 KSZ088-300745- CLARK- 150 AM CDT TUE MAY 30 2006 ...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY FOR CLARK COUNTY... AT 148 AM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A STRONG THUNDERSTORM NEAR ACRES...MOVING NORTH AT 5 MPH. ANOTHER STRONG THUNDERSTORM WAS LOCATED ABOUT 15 MILES SOUTH OF ASHLAND AND WAS ALSO MOVING NORTH AT 5 MPH. PENNY TO NICKEL SIZE HAIL IS POSSIBLE WITH THIS STORM. RESIDENTS IN SOUTHERN CLARK COUNTY...INCLUDING THE CITY OF ACRES... SHOULD MONITOR THE WEATHER SITUATION CLOSELY. LISTEN FOR POSSIBLE WARNINGS AND BE PREPARED TO TAKE APPROPRIATE ACTION SHOULD SEVERE WEATHER THREATEN. LAT...LON 3700 10007 3700 9955 3722 9955 3723 10008 LACY
The office that day
Everything else NWS Dodge City, KS issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| May 29, 7:29 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | DDC | Stafford | 46 min |
| May 29, 9:31 PM CDT | Special Weather Statement | DDC | Pawnee | 44 min |
| May 29, 9:48 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | DDC | Edwards | 42 min |
| May 29, 10:20 PM CDT | Special Weather Statement | DDC | Edwards | 40 min |
| May 30, 1:50 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | DDC | Clark | 55 min |
| May 30, 3:13 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | DDC | Ford | 47 min |
| May 30, 3:15 AM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | DDC | Clark | 45 min |
| May 30, 3:42 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | DDC | Seward | 48 min |
| May 30, 4:00 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | DDC | Haskell | 60 min |
| May 30, 4:02 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | DDC | Meade | 58 min |
| May 30, 4:04 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | DDC | Ford | 56 min |
| May 30, 4:27 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | DDC | Gray | 48 min |
| May 30, 4:34 AM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | DDC | Gray | 41 min |
| May 30, 5:16 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | DDC | Finney | 44 min |
| May 30, 5:29 AM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | DDC | Gray | 46 min |
| May 30, 5:42 AM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | DDC | Gray | 33 min |
| May 30, 5:44 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | DDC | Ford | 61 min |
| May 30, 5:53 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | DDC | Hamilton | 52 min |
| May 30, 6:12 AM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | DDC | Scott | 37 min |
| May 30, 6:20 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | DDC | Finney | 40 min |
| May 30, 7:02 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | DDC | Clark | 43 min |
| May 30, 7:05 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | DDC | Lane | 40 min |
| May 30, 7:28 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | DDC | Meade | 47 min |
| May 30, 7:36 AM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | DDC | Meade | 24 min |
| May 30, 12:03 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | DDC | Seward | 42 min |
| May 30, 12:34 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | DDC | Meade | 23 min |
| May 30, 2:13 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | DDC | Barber | 47 min |
| May 30, 3:12 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | DDC | Barber | 33 min |
Nearby
Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Kansas, 2006Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2006
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.