Alert archive / Oklahoma / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 1999

Severe Thunderstorm Warning 2, NWS Tulsa, OK

January 21, 1999Pushmataha County, Oklahoma

NWS Tulsa, OK issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Jan 21, 1999, 4:12 PM CST for Pushmataha County, Oklahoma. It was in force for 33 min. 2 reports came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline the Iowa Environmental Mesonet reconstructed for it; the warning itself named whole counties, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Jan 21, 1999, 4:12 PM CST (22:12 UTC)
Expired
Jan 21, 1999, 4:45 PM CST
In force
33 min
Issued by
NWS Tulsa, OK
Area
Whole counties; the outline is the Mesonet’s reconstruction

County Pushmataha County, OK

The radar

The Western Arkansas radar (KSRX), 135 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 22:16 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Jan 21, 4:19 PM CSTHail 1Clayton, OK
Jan 21, 4:23 PM CSTHail 1Stanley, OK

NCEI Storm Data entries that began inside the alert's area while it was in force. Before 2003 the local storm report archive is thin, so this is the record of what happened rather than what was phoned in.

The nearest sounding before it

Norman, OK (KOUN), launched 12:00Z, 10.2 hours before the alert went out and 189 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Norman, OK at 12:00Z on 1999-01-21Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 0 joules per kilogram.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Norman, OK at 12:00Z on 1999-01-21The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 13 square meters per square second.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
No buoyant parcel
Mixed-layer LCL
2017 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
43 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
13 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
126 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

999 
WUUS54 KTSA 212214 RRA
SVRTUL
OKC127-212245-

BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
412 PM CST THU JAN 21 1999

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN TULSA HAS ISSUED A

* SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR...
  PUSHMATAHA COUNTY IN SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA

* UNTIL 445 PM CST

* AT 412 PM CST A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WAS LOCATED 4 MILES SOUTHWEST
  OF DUNBAR...MOVING NORTHEAST AT 30 MPH.

* SOME LOCATIONS NEAR THE PATH OF THIS STORM INCLUDE...  DUNBAR...
  KIAMICHI...TUSKAHOMA...STANLEY AND CLAYTON

HAIL TO THE SIZE OF DIMES AND WIND GUSTS TO 60 MPH CAN BE EXPECTED IN
THE WARNED AREA.

LAT...LON 3445 9572 3432 9557 3462 9516 3478 9535

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Tulsa, OK wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at Jan 21, 10:45 AM CST, 5 hours 27 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Jan 21, 10:45 AM CST, 5 hours 27 minutes before
EASTERN OKLAHOMA/NORTHWEST ARKANSAS FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
1045 AM CST THU JAN 21 1999

BIG FOCUS THIS MORNING IS ON THUNDERSTORM CHANCES AND THE SPC HIGH
RISK AREA IN ARKANSAS.  15Z SURFACE ANALYSIS SHOWS DEEP SURFACE LOW
OVER OK THIS MORNING WITH FRONTAL BOUNDARY STRETCHING FROM OKC-SGF.
A DRYLINE EXTENDS SOUTHWEST FROM NEAR ADM.  REGIONAL UPPER AIR
SOUNDINGS THIS MORNING ALL SHOWED A MODERATELY TO VERY UNSTABLE
ATMOSPHERE WITH A WEAK CAP.  BEST MOISTURE FLUX CONVERGENCE IS
CURRENTLY LOCATED ALONG THE FRONTAL BOUNDARY THIS MORNING AND MAY
SEE SOME TSRA DEVELOPMENT ALONG THE FRONT EARLY THIS AFTERNOON.
HOWEVER...MOISTURE ON THE 12Z OUN SOUNDING WAS ONLY KNEE-DEEP...SO
ZONES BETWEEN TUL-MLC WILL NOT LIKELY SEE TSRA DEVELOPMENT TODAY AS
WIND PROFILERS SHOW WESTERLY WINDS AT 925 AND 850 MB OVER CENTRAL
OK.

BY LATE THIS AFTERNOON...LEFT EXIT REGION OF VIGOROUS UPPER SPEED
MAX APPROACHES AND CAUSES DYNAMICAL LIFTING.  ALSO...SECONDARY
SURFACE LOW SHOWN OVER CO ON 15Z SFC ANALYSIS MOVES INTO OKLAHOMA
AND STRENGTHENS...CAUSING A BETTER LOW-LEVEL FOCUS FOR TSRA
DEVELOPMENT.  IN ADDITION...THE FACT THAT THE LOW WILL BE
STRENGTHENING WILL CAUSE A GREATER COMPONENT TO THE LOW-LEVEL
CROSS-ISOBARIC FLOW AND INCREASE THE FAVORABILITY OF THE WIND
PROFILES FOR SUPERCELL STORMS.  BELIEVE THAT THUNDERSTORM INITIATION
WILL TAKE PLACE OVER FAR ERN OK LATE THIS AFTN WITH THUNDERSTORMS
QUICKLY BECOMING SEVERE.  THUNDERSTORMS MAY ALSO DEVELOP OVER FAR
SOUTHERN OK AS ACCAS CLOUDS FROM LBB-SPS NOW SHOWN ON VISIBLE
SATELLITE IMAGES ON THE CYCLONIC SIDE OF THE UPPER JET MOVE EAST OF
THE DRYLINE AND TAP INTO SURFACE-BASED INSTABILITY.

FOR THE ZONES...THIS BOILS DOWN TO ADDING POPS EVERYWHERE EXCEPT
AROUND MLC AND ADDING A MENTION OF SEVERE IN THE FAR EASTERN ZONES.
WILL TAKE A LOOK AT TEMPS AND WINDS AT THE TIME OF UPDATE.  FORECAST
UPDATE SHOULD BE OUT BY 1100 AM.

22

.TUL...
OK...NONE.
AR...NONE.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Jan 21, 1:00 PM CST, 3 hours 12 minutes before
ARZ001-002-010-011-019-020-029-OKZ049-053>076-221200-

EASTERN OKLAHOMA/NORTHWEST ARKANSAS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
100 PM CST THU JAN 21 1999

A FEW SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ARE POSSIBLE ACROSS NORTHWEST ARKANSAS
AND FAR SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA LATE THIS AFTERNOON AND EARLY
TONIGHT...MAINLY EAST OF A GRAVETTE ARKANSAS TO HUGO OKLAHOMA LINE.

A STRONG UPPER LEVEL SYSTEM WILL APPROACH OKLAHOMA AND ARKANSAS
TONIGHT AND FRIDAY. IN ADVANCE OF THIS SYSTEM...UNSEASONABLY WARM
AND HUMID AIR WILL CONTINUE TO ADVECT NORTHWARD INTO EASTERN
OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS. A STATIONARY FRONT WAS LOCATED
EARLY THIS AFTERNOON FROM COFFEYVILLE KANSAS TO PAWNEE OKLAHOMA. A
DRY LINE ALSO EXTENDED SOUTHWARD FROM THE STATIONARY FRONT FROM NEAR
VINITA TO ARDMORE OKLAHOMA. THE STATIONARY FRONT IS EXPECTED TO MOVE
A LITTLE SOUTH THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT WHILE THE DRYLINE MOVES
FAIRLY RAPIDLY EASTWARD THIS AFTERNOON...ESPECIALLY ACROSS SOUTHERN
OKLAHOMA. THE STATIONARY FRONT AS WELL AS THE DRYLINE MAY PROVIDE
ENOUGH LIFT FOR THUNDERSTORMS TO DEVELOP ACROSS THE AREA THIS
AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT.

THUNDERSTORMS WILL CONTINUE TO DEVELOP NORTH OF THE STATIONARY FRONT
ACROSS SOUTHEAST KANSAS AND CENTRAL MISSOURI THIS AFTERNOON. THESE
STORMS ARE EXPECTED TO REMAIN MOSTLY NORTH OF THE AREA THIS
AFTERNOON...HOWEVER A FEW MAY BUILD SOUTHWESTWARD INTO NORTHEAST
OKLAHOMA TONIGHT. IF THESE STORMS DEVELOP SOUTH...THEY WILL BE
CAPABLE OF PRODUCING SOME HAIL AND LOCALLY GUSTY WINDS. RELATIVELY
LOW INSTABILITY IN THIS AREA WILL LIKELY PREVENT THE DEVELOPMENT OF
WIDESPREAD SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS.

JUST AHEAD OF THE DRYLINE AND STATIONARY FRONT...THERE MAY BE ENOUGH
LIFT FOR THUNDERSTORMS TO DEVELOP. THE AMOUNT OF LIFT IN THIS AREA
IS MUCH WEAKER BUT DUE TO THE HIGHER AMOUNT OF INSTABILITY PRESENT
...ANY THUNDERSTORMS THAT DEVELOP IN THIS AREA WILL LIKLEY BECOME
SEVERE WITH LARGE HAIL AND LOCALLY DAMAGING WINDS POSSIBLE.  THE
EXPECTED VERTICAL WIND PROFILE AND AMOUNT OF INSTABILITY IS
SUFFICIENT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUPERCELL THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS
AREAS GENERALLY EAST OF A GRAVETTE TO HUGO LINE THIS AFTERNOON AND
EARLY TONIGHT.  THE GREATEST THREAT OF TORNADOES AT THIS TIME
APPEARS TO BE OVER AREAS FURTHER SOUTH AND EAST LATER TONIGHT...OVER
CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN ARKANSAS AND MUCH OF LOUISIANA AND EXTREME
EASTERN TEXAS.

THE UPPER LEVEL SYSTEM WILL INTENSIFY AND MOVE EAST OF THE AREA
EARLY FRIDAY...TAKING WITH IT ANY CHANCE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS.
RAIN MAY POSSIBLY CHANGE TO LIGHT SNOW BEFORE ENDING LATE FRIDAY NIGHT.

THIS OUTLOOK IS INTENDED TO PROVIDE GUIDANCE TO EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
AGENCIES AND STORM SPOTTER GROUPS CONCERNING TORNADOES...SEVERE
THUNDERSTORMS...HIGH WIND EVENTS...FLOODING AND WINTER WEATHER.
INFORMATION CONCERNING OTHER HAZARDS CAN BE FOUND IN OTHER PRODUCTS
ISSUED BY THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE OFFICE IN TULSA.
Special weather statement, Jan 21, 1:00 PM CST, 3 hours 12 minutes before
ARZ001-002-010-011-019-020-029-OKZ049-053>076-221200-

EASTERN OKLAHOMA/NORTHWEST ARKANSAS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
100 PM CST THU JAN 21 1999

A FEW SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ARE POSSIBLE ACROSS NORTHWEST ARKANSAS
AND FAR SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA LATE THIS AFTERNOON AND EARLY
TONIGHT...MAINLY EAST OF A GRAVETTE ARKANSAS TO HUGO OKLAHOMA LINE.

A STRONG UPPER LEVEL SYSTEM WILL APPROACH OKLAHOMA AND ARKANSAS
TONIGHT AND FRIDAY. IN ADVANCE OF THIS SYSTEM...UNSEASONABLY WARM
AND HUMID AIR WILL CONTINUE TO ADVECT NORTHWARD INTO EASTERN
OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS. A STATIONARY FRONT WAS LOCATED
EARLY THIS AFTERNOON FROM COFFEYVILLE KANSAS TO PAWNEE OKLAHOMA. A
DRY LINE ALSO EXTENDED SOUTHWARD FROM THE STATIONARY FRONT FROM NEAR
VINITA TO ARDMORE OKLAHOMA. THE STATIONARY FRONT IS EXPECTED TO MOVE
A LITTLE SOUTH THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT WHILE THE DRYLINE MOVES
FAIRLY RAPIDLY EASTWARD THIS AFTERNOON...ESPECIALLY ACROSS SOUTHERN
OKLAHOMA. THE STATIONARY FRONT AS WELL AS THE DRYLINE MAY PROVIDE
ENOUGH LIFT FOR THUNDERSTORMS TO DEVELOP ACROSS THE AREA THIS
AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT.

THUNDERSTORMS WILL CONTINUE TO DEVELOP NORTH OF THE STATIONARY FRONT
ACROSS SOUTHEAST KANSAS AND CENTRAL MISSOURI THIS AFTERNOON. THESE
STORMS ARE EXPECTED TO REMAIN MOSTLY NORTH OF THE AREA THIS
AFTERNOON...HOWEVER A FEW MAY BUILD SOUTHWESTWARD INTO NORTHEAST
OKLAHOMA TONIGHT. IF THESE STORMS DEVELOP SOUTH...THEY WILL BE
CAPABLE OF PRODUCING SOME HAIL AND LOCALLY GUSTY WINDS. RELATIVELY
LOW INSTABILITY IN THIS AREA WILL LIKELY PREVENT THE DEVELOPMENT OF
WIDESPREAD SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS.

JUST AHEAD OF THE DRYLINE AND STATIONARY FRONT...THERE MAY BE ENOUGH
LIFT FOR THUNDERSTORMS TO DEVELOP. THE AMOUNT OF LIFT IN THIS AREA
IS MUCH WEAKER BUT DUE TO THE HIGHER AMOUNT OF INSTABILITY PRESENT
...ANY THUNDERSTORMS THAT DEVELOP IN THIS AREA WILL LIKLEY BECOME
SEVERE WITH LARGE HAIL AND LOCALLY DAMAGING WINDS POSSIBLE.  THE
EXPECTED VERTICAL WIND PROFILE AND AMOUNT OF INSTABILITY IS
SUFFICIENT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUPERCELL THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS
AREAS GENERALLY EAST OF A GRAVETTE TO HUGO LINE THIS AFTERNOON AND
EARLY TONIGHT.  THE GREATEST THREAT OF TORNADOES AT THIS TIME
APPEARS TO BE OVER AREAS FURTHER SOUTH AND EAST LATER TONIGHT...OVER
CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN ARKANSAS AND MUCH OF LOUISIANA AND EXTREME
EASTERN TEXAS.

THE UPPER LEVEL SYSTEM WILL INTENSIFY AND MOVE EAST OF THE AREA
EARLY FRIDAY...TAKING WITH IT ANY CHANCE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS.
RAIN MAY POSSIBLY CHANGE TO LIGHT SNOW BEFORE ENDING LATE FRIDAY NIGHT.

THIS OUTLOOK IS INTENDED TO PROVIDE GUIDANCE TO EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
AGENCIES AND STORM SPOTTER GROUPS CONCERNING TORNADOES...SEVERE
THUNDERSTORMS...HIGH WIND EVENTS...FLOODING AND WINTER WEATHER.
INFORMATION CONCERNING OTHER HAZARDS CAN BE FOUND IN OTHER PRODUCTS
ISSUED BY THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE OFFICE IN TULSA.
Special weather statement, Jan 21, 1:00 PM CST, 3 hours 12 minutes before
ARZ001-002-010-011-019-020-029-OKZ049-053>076-221200-

EASTERN OKLAHOMA/NORTHWEST ARKANSAS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
100 PM CST THU JAN 21 1999

A FEW SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ARE POSSIBLE ACROSS NORTHWEST ARKANSAS
AND FAR SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA LATE THIS AFTERNOON AND EARLY
TONIGHT...MAINLY EAST OF A GRAVETTE ARKANSAS TO HUGO OKLAHOMA LINE.

A STRONG UPPER LEVEL SYSTEM WILL APPROACH OKLAHOMA AND ARKANSAS
TONIGHT AND FRIDAY. IN ADVANCE OF THIS SYSTEM...UNSEASONABLY WARM
AND HUMID AIR WILL CONTINUE TO ADVECT NORTHWARD INTO EASTERN
OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS. A STATIONARY FRONT WAS LOCATED
EARLY THIS AFTERNOON FROM COFFEYVILLE KANSAS TO PAWNEE OKLAHOMA. A
DRY LINE ALSO EXTENDED SOUTHWARD FROM THE STATIONARY FRONT FROM NEAR
VINITA TO ARDMORE OKLAHOMA. THE STATIONARY FRONT IS EXPECTED TO MOVE
A LITTLE SOUTH THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT WHILE THE DRYLINE MOVES
FAIRLY RAPIDLY EASTWARD THIS AFTERNOON...ESPECIALLY ACROSS SOUTHERN
OKLAHOMA. THE STATIONARY FRONT AS WELL AS THE DRYLINE MAY PROVIDE
ENOUGH LIFT FOR THUNDERSTORMS TO DEVELOP ACROSS THE AREA THIS
AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT.

THUNDERSTORMS WILL CONTINUE TO DEVELOP NORTH OF THE STATIONARY FRONT
ACROSS SOUTHEAST KANSAS AND CENTRAL MISSOURI THIS AFTERNOON. THESE
STORMS ARE EXPECTED TO REMAIN MOSTLY NORTH OF THE AREA THIS
AFTERNOON...HOWEVER A FEW MAY BUILD SOUTHWESTWARD INTO NORTHEAST
OKLAHOMA TONIGHT. IF THESE STORMS DEVELOP SOUTH...THEY WILL BE
CAPABLE OF PRODUCING SOME HAIL AND LOCALLY GUSTY WINDS. RELATIVELY
LOW INSTABILITY IN THIS AREA WILL LIKELY PREVENT THE DEVELOPMENT OF
WIDESPREAD SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS.

JUST AHEAD OF THE DRYLINE AND STATIONARY FRONT...THERE MAY BE ENOUGH
LIFT FOR THUNDERSTORMS TO DEVELOP. THE AMOUNT OF LIFT IN THIS AREA
IS MUCH WEAKER BUT DUE TO THE HIGHER AMOUNT OF INSTABILITY PRESENT
...ANY THUNDERSTORMS THAT DEVELOP IN THIS AREA WILL LIKLEY BECOME
SEVERE WITH LARGE HAIL AND LOCALLY DAMAGING WINDS POSSIBLE.  THE
EXPECTED VERTICAL WIND PROFILE AND AMOUNT OF INSTABILITY IS
SUFFICIENT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUPERCELL THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS
AREAS GENERALLY EAST OF A GRAVETTE TO HUGO LINE THIS AFTERNOON AND
EARLY TONIGHT.  THE GREATEST THREAT OF TORNADOES AT THIS TIME
APPEARS TO BE OVER AREAS FURTHER SOUTH AND EAST LATER TONIGHT...OVER
CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN ARKANSAS AND MUCH OF LOUISIANA AND EXTREME
EASTERN TEXAS.

THE UPPER LEVEL SYSTEM WILL INTENSIFY AND MOVE EAST OF THE AREA
EARLY FRIDAY...TAKING WITH IT ANY CHANCE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS.
RAIN MAY POSSIBLY CHANGE TO LIGHT SNOW BEFORE ENDING LATE FRIDAY NIGHT.

THIS OUTLOOK IS INTENDED TO PROVIDE GUIDANCE TO EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
AGENCIES AND STORM SPOTTER GROUPS CONCERNING TORNADOES...SEVERE
THUNDERSTORMS...HIGH WIND EVENTS...FLOODING AND WINTER WEATHER.
INFORMATION CONCERNING OTHER HAZARDS CAN BE FOUND IN OTHER PRODUCTS
ISSUED BY THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE OFFICE IN TULSA.

The office that day

Everything else NWS Tulsa, OK issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jan 21, 5:22 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTSALatimer, LeFlore38 min
Jan 21, 5:56 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTSAPushmataha49 min
Jan 21, 5:58 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTSALeFlore32 min

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Oklahoma, 1999Every severe thunderstorm warning in 1999

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; verification from NCEI's Storm Data; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.