Alert archive / Texas / Tornado Warnings in 1999

Tornado Warning 39, NWS Houston/Galveston, TX

April 3, 1999Montgomery County, Walker County, Texas

NWS Houston/Galveston, TX issued this tornado warning at Apr 3, 1999, 3:00 PM CST for Montgomery County, Walker County, Texas. It was in force for 30 min. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline the Iowa Environmental Mesonet reconstructed for it; the warning itself named whole counties, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Apr 3, 1999, 3:00 PM CST (21:00 UTC)
Expired
Apr 3, 1999, 3:30 PM CST
In force
30 min
Issued by
NWS Houston/Galveston, TX
Area
Whole counties; the outline is the Mesonet’s reconstruction

Counties Montgomery County, TX, Walker County, TX

The radar

The Houston radar (KHGX), 142 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 21:00 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Apr 3, 3:25 PM CSTHail 1New Waverly, TX

NCEI Storm Data entries that began inside the alert's area while it was in force. Before 2003 the local storm report archive is thin, so this is the record of what happened rather than what was phoned in.

The nearest sounding before it

Lake Charles Mun, LA (KLCH), launched 12:00Z, 9.0 hours before the alert went out and 234 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Lake Charles Mun, LA at 12:00Z on 1999-04-03Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 918 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Lake Charles Mun, LA at 12:00Z on 1999-04-03The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 139 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
918 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-357 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
864 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
38 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
139 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
251 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
1.9

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

999 
WFUS1 KHOU 032101 RRA
TORHOU
TXC339-407-471-032200-

BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
TORNADO WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HOUSTON/GALVESTON TX
300 PM CST SAT APR 3 1999

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN HOUSTON/GALVESTON TX HAS ISSUED A

* TORNADO WARNING FOR...
  SOUTHWESTERN SAN JACINTO COUNTY IN SOUTHEAST TEXAS
  NORTHERN MONTGOMERY COUNTY IN SOUTHEAST TEXAS
  WALKER COUNTY IN SOUTHEAST TEXAS

* UNTIL 330 PM CST

* AT 255 PM CST...DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A POSSIBLE TORNADO NEAR
  WILLIS..MOVING NORTHEAST AT 70 MPH.

* THE TORNADO IS EXPECTED TO BE NEAR...
  CRABBS PRARIE...HUNTSVILLE...NEW WAVERLY AT 310 PM CST
  RIVERSIDE AT 325 PM CST

THIS IS A DANGEROUS SITUATION QUICK ACTION MAY SAVE YOUR LIFE. MOVE
TO A SMALL INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR. AVOID WINDOWS. ABANDON
YOUR CAR OR MOBILE HOME NOW FOR A STRONG SHELTER. IF SHELTER IS NOT
AVAILABLE...MOVE TO A DITCH OR CULVERT AND COVER YOUR HEAD.

PLEASE REPORT SEVERE WEATHER TO THE COUNTY SHERIFF...LOCAL POLICE...
OR DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY. THEY WILL RELAY YOUR REPORT TO THE
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE.

LAT...LON 3087 9584 3029 9579 3035 9515 3056 9539
          3088 9535 3098 9551

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Houston/Galveston, TX wrote its last area forecast discussion before this tornado warning went out at Apr 3, 5:45 AM CST, 9 hours 15 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Apr 3, 5:45 AM CST, 9 hours 15 minutes before
SOUTHEAST TEXAS FORECAST DISCUSSION...UPDATE
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HOUSTON/GALVESTON TX
545 AM CST SAT APR 3 1999

...UPDATE...WINDS ALONG THE LOWER COAST (PORT OCONNOR AND PALACIOS
AREA) HAVE BEEN STRONGER THAN CURRENT FORECAST.  HAVE UPDATED THE
CWFHGX TO REFLECT THESE STRONGER SPEEDS BY SEPARATING MATAGORDA BAY
AND THE NEARSHORE WATERS FROM FREEPORT TO THE MATAGORDA SHIP CHANNEL
AND OUT TO 20 NM.  A MWSHOU WAS ALSO ISSUED AT 0942Z TO COVER THIS
SITUATION.

SLOW MOVING COLD FRONT APPROACHING FROM THE WEST AND HEIGHT FALLS
ASSOCIATED WITH IMPULSES EJECTING OUT OF THE WESTERN U.S. UPPER
LEVEL LOW WILL SUPPORT THE CHANCE OF SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS
ACROSS SOUTHEAST TEXAS TODAY.  AIRMASS WILL BE MOIST AND UNSTABLE AND
WITH AREA BECOMING INCREASING DIFFLUENT ALOFT WITH A COUPLED JET
STRUCTURE...SOME STORMS MAY BECOME SEVERE.  EXACT LOCATION OF
FRONTAL BOUNDARY AND EASTWARD EXTENT OF TODAYS ACTIVITY WILL PLAY A
ROLE ON RAIN CHANCES TONIGHT.  WILL DECREASE POPS FURTHER INLAND
WHERE SOME STABILIZATION IS EXPECTED.  BY SUNDAY...ENOUGH TIME IS
EXPECTED TO HAVE ELAPSED FOR STABILIZING EFFECT OF TODAYS STORMS TO
COME TO AN END.  WITH FRONT STILL PARKED JUST TO OUR WEST...ENOUGH
DESTABILIZATION IS EXPECTED FOR ADDITIONAL FORMATION OF SHOWERS AND
THUNDERSTORMS.  WITH AREA STILL IN FAVORABLE JET STRUCTURE
LOCATION...SOME OF SUNDAYS ACTIVITY MAY HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO
BECOME SEVERE SIMILAR TO TODAYS STORMS.  WILL HOLD OFF ON
MENTIONING SEVERE IN THIRD PERIOD AT THIS TIME (SPC HAS AREA IN
GENERAL STORMS) AND LET THE DAY SHIFT EXAMINE THE 03/12Z MODELS.
WILL KEEP SLIGHT CHANCE CATEGORY ON MONDAY AS FOCUSING FRONTAL
BOUNDARY AND ANOTHER SHORTWAVE MAKE THEIR WAY ACROSS SOUTHEAST TEXAS
AND TOWARD THE TEXAS-LOUISIANA BORDER.   EXPECT RAIN CHANCES TO GO
BACK DOWN INTO THE SLIGHT CHANCE CATEGORY ON TUESDAY AND WEDNESDAY
AS THE NEXT SYSTEM SLOWLY DEVELOPS AND EDGES EASTWARD TOWARD OUR
AREA.

LATEST PORTS DATA SUPPORTS POSTING A SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY AREAWIDE
TODAY.

THANKS AGAIN TO KEWX AND ADJACENT OFFICES FOR YOUR SUPPORT DURING
LAST NIGHTS SHIFT.

42/47

CLL TE 079/058 076/064 081 42524
IAH TT 080/063 076/067 081 42535
GLS TT 076/069 076/069 077 42545

.HGX...SCA ENTIRE MARINE AREA TODAY.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Apr 3, 1:00 PM CST, 2 hours before
TXZ163-040000-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HOUSTON/GALVESTON TX
100 PM CST SAT APR 3 1999

...TORNADO WATCH IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM FOR HOUSTON COUNTY...

A LINE OF THUNDERSTORMS ALONG THE DRYLINE PRODUCED AN OUTFLOW
BOUNDARY THAT HAS BEEN SPEEDING EASTWARD. THIS OUTFLOW BOUNDARY WILL
BE MOVING INTO A MOIST AND INCREASINGLY MORE UNSTABLE ATMOSPHERE.
SUPERCELL THUNDERSTORMS MAY DEVELOP RAPIDLY...SPAWNING TORNADOES AND
DAMAGING MICROBURST WINDS IN EXCESS OF 50 MPH.  THESE THUNDERSTORMS
WILL BE MOVING INTO WESTERN HOUSTON COUNTY AROUND 2 PM.

THE MAIN THREATS WILL BE ISOLATED TORNADOES AND DAMAGING WINDS...BRIEF
HEAVY RAINFALL WILL ALSO BE POSSIBLE.

THE WATCH AREA EXTENDS GENERALLY ALONG AND NORTHEAST OF A LINE FROM
FAIRFIELD TO NACOGDOCHES.

STAY TUNED TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO OR OTHER NEWS SOURCES FOR THE LATEST
STATEMENTS OR WARNINGS.

The office that day

Everything else NWS Houston/Galveston, TX issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Apr 3, 2:07 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningHGXColorado38 min
Apr 3, 3:44 PM CSTTornado WarningHGXPolk, San Jacinto, Trinity61 min
Apr 3, 3:56 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningHGXMontgomery64 min
Apr 3, 4:01 PM CSTTornado WarningHGXMontgomery29 min
Apr 3, 4:38 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningHGXPolk, San Jacinto67 min
Apr 3, 5:30 PM CSTFlash Flood WarningHGXPolk, San Jacinto3 hr
Apr 3, 5:45 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningHGXPolk, San Jacinto45 min

Nearby

Tornado Warnings in Texas, 1999Every tornado warning in 1999Tornadoes in 1999

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; verification from NCEI's Storm Data; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.