Alert archive / Arizona / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 1998

Severe Thunderstorm Warning 22, NWS Tucson, AZ

July 18, 1998Santa Cruz County, Arizona

NWS Tucson, AZ issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Jul 18, 1998, 1:37 PM MST for Santa Cruz County, Arizona. It was in force for 48 min. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The counties it named.

The facts

Issued
Jul 18, 1998, 1:37 PM MST (20:37 UTC)
Expired
Jul 18, 1998, 2:25 PM MST
In force
48 min
Issued by
NWS Tucson, AZ
Area
Whole counties

County Santa Cruz County, AZ

The radar

The Tucson radar (KEMX), 46 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 20:36 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

The nearest sounding before it

Tuscon, AZ (KTUS), launched 12:00Z, 8.6 hours before the alert went out and 72 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Tuscon, AZ at 12:00Z on 1998-07-18Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 87 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Tuscon, AZ at 12:00Z on 1998-07-18The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 11 square meters per square second.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
87 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-338 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
2567 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
20 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
11 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
-2 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

409 
WUUS1 KTUS 182038 RRA
SVRTUS
AZC023-182125-

BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TUCSON AZ
137 PM MST SAT JUL 18 1998

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN TUCSON HAS ISSUED A

* SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR...
  CENTRAL SANTA CRUZ COUNTY IN SOUTHERN ARIZONA

* UNTIL 225 PM MST

* AT 134 PM MST... DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED AN AREA OF SEVERE
THUNDERSTORMS FROM 8 MILES EAST OF NOGALES NORTHWARD TO JUST WEST
OF SONOITA. THIS AREA WAS MOVING WEST AT 10 MPH. THESE STORMS WERE
CAPABLE OF PRODUCING 60 MPH WIND GUSTS AND LOCALLY HEAVY RAIN.

OKULSKI

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Tucson, AZ wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at Jul 18, 9:30 AM MST, 4 hours 7 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Jul 18, 9:30 AM MST, 4 hours 7 minutes before
SOUTHEAST ARIZONA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TUCSON AZ
930 AM MST SAT JUL 18 1998

SYNOPSIS...HIGH PRESSURE ALOFT OVER SOUTHERN UTAH WILL ALLOW MORE
MOISTURE TO SURGE INTO SOUTHEAST ARIZONA THIS WEEKEND. THUNDERSTORM
ACTIVITY WILL CONTINUE WITH AN INCREASING THREAT OF HEAVY RAIN.

DISCUSSION...RESIDUAL DEBRIS CLOUDS ACROSS SOUTHEAST ARIZONA WILL
DIMINISH QUICKLY THIS MORNING. HIGH PRESSURE ALOFT OVER SOUTHWEST
UTAH STILL REMAINS IN A FAVORABLE POSITION TO ALLOW STORMS TO
DEVELOP OVER THE MOUNTAINS AND MOVE INTO THE LOWER VALLEYS DURING
THE AFTERNOON HOURS.

A FEW THINGS HAVE CHANGED SINCE FRIDAY IN THE ATMOSPHERE...MOST OF
WHICH WERE POINTED OUT BY THE MID SHIFT FORECASTER IN THE PREVIOUS
DISCUSSION AND ARE EVIDENT ON THE 5 AM TUCSON SOUNDING. THE STRONG
MID LEVEL NORTHEAST STEERING WINDS HAVE DIMINISHED. THIS MEANS WE
WILL SEE SLOWER MOVING STORMS.

ANOTHER CONSIDERATION IS A POSSIBLE SURGE OF GULF MOISTURE INTO
SOUTHERN ARIZONA LATER TODAY AS A RESULT OF WIDSPREAD THUNDERSTORM
ACTIVITY IN SOUTHWEST MEXICO YESTERDAY. WILL HAVE TO WAIT AND SEE.
EVEN WITHOUT A RAPID INFLUX OF MOISTURE...SLOWER MOVING STORMS WITH
THE GRADUAL SEEP OF MOISTURE THAT HAS ALREADY OCCURED SHOULD LEAD TO
A GREATER THREAT OF HEAVY RAIN.

THE LAST FEATURE OF INTEREST IS AN INVERTED TROUGH MOVING WESTWARD
ACROSS NEW MEXICO. THIS TROUGH WILL ENTER EASTERN ARIZONA TONIGHT
AND MAY KEEP CONVECTION GOING INTO THE LATE NIGHT TIME DPERIOD.
CURRENT FORECASTS LOOK GOOD. NO UPDATES. TUS 453. OKULSKI

.TWC...NONE.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Jul 18, 12:45 PM MST, 52 minutes before
AZZ019-029>035-190700-
SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT...SOUTHEAST ARIZONA CONVECTIVE OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TUCSON AZ
1245 PM MST SAT JUL 18 1998...THIS PRODUCT IS NOT UPDATED

                        *CONDITIONAL*    *CONDITIONAL*
                AREAL    PROBABILITY   RAIN GREATER THAN   STORM
              COVERAGE    OF SEVERE     1.00       2.00    MOTION

COCHISE          50          30          45         10      W 12
GRAHAM           50          30          45         10      W 12
GREENLEE         50          20          40          5      W 12
TUCSON/ERN PIMA  45          30          40         10      W 12
TOHONO O'ODHAM   45          30          45         10     SW 12
WESTERN PIMA     30          20          25          0     SW 12
SOUTHEAST PINAL  45          30          40         10      W 12
SANTA CRUZ       50          30          40         10      W 12

SYNOPSIS...MOIST AND UNSTABLE. STORMS WILL FORM OVER HIGHER
TERRAIN AND MOVE DOWN INTO VALLEY LOCATIONS. DYNAMICS FROM UPPER
LEVEL DISTURBANCES WILL ENHANCE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON THROUGH
TONIGHT WITH A SLIGHT CHANCE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ALONG WITH
RAINFALL AMOUNTS AT 1 INCH NOT UNCOMMON. STORMS MAY BE SUSTAINED
INTO THE EARLY MORNING HOURS.

*****************************************************************
KEY...
AREAL COVERAGE - PERCENT OF COUNTY OR AREA THAT WILL EXPERIENCE
                  THUNDERSTORMS
PROB OF SEVERE - THE PROBABILITY THAT ANY ONE OF THE STORMS WILL
                  REACH SEVERE LEVELS (DAMAGING WIND AND/OR
                  LARGE HAIL)
RAIN GRTR THAN - THE PROBABILITY THAT ANY ONE OF THE STORMS WILL
                  PRODUCE RAIN EXCEEDING 1 INCH OR 2 INCHES IN
                  ANY LOCATION
STORM MOTION   - GENERAL DIRECTION TO WHICH THE STORMS WILL
                  LIKELY MOVE AND SPEED IN MPH

NOTE...
VALID TIME IS FROM 12:45 PM TO 12 MIDNIGHT OF THE DAY OF ISSUANCE.
THIS PRODUCT IS NOT TO BE USED IN PLACE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORM OR
FLASH FLOOD WARNINGS OR WATCHES. THIS PRODUCT IS ONLY USED FOR
OUTLOOK PURPOSES. CORRESPONDING GRAPHICS MAY BE FOUND ON THE NWS
TUCSON INTERNET PAGE AT
HTTP://NIMBO.WRH.NOAA.GOV/TUCSON/SWO/SWO.SHTML
j
END/RJO
Special weather statement, Jul 18, 12:45 PM MST, 52 minutes before
AZZ019-029>035-190700-
SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT...SOUTHEAST ARIZONA CONVECTIVE OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TUCSON AZ
1245 PM MST SAT JUL 18 1998...THIS PRODUCT IS NOT UPDATED

                        *CONDITIONAL*    *CONDITIONAL*
                AREAL    PROBABILITY   RAIN GREATER THAN   STORM
              COVERAGE    OF SEVERE     1.00       2.00    MOTION

COCHISE          50          30          45         10      W 12
GRAHAM           50          30          45         10      W 12
GREENLEE         50          20          40          5      W 12
TUCSON/ERN PIMA  45          30          40         10      W 12
TOHONO O'ODHAM   45          30          45         10     SW 12
WESTERN PIMA     30          20          25          0     SW 12
SOUTHEAST PINAL  45          30          40         10      W 12
SANTA CRUZ       50          30          40         10      W 12

SYNOPSIS...MOIST AND UNSTABLE. STORMS WILL FORM OVER HIGHER
TERRAIN AND MOVE DOWN INTO VALLEY LOCATIONS. DYNAMICS FROM UPPER
LEVEL DISTURBANCES WILL ENHANCE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON THROUGH
TONIGHT WITH A SLIGHT CHANCE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ALONG WITH
RAINFALL AMOUNTS AT 1 INCH NOT UNCOMMON. STORMS MAY BE SUSTAINED
INTO THE EARLY MORNING HOURS.

*****************************************************************
KEY...
AREAL COVERAGE - PERCENT OF COUNTY OR AREA THAT WILL EXPERIENCE
                  THUNDERSTORMS
PROB OF SEVERE - THE PROBABILITY THAT ANY ONE OF THE STORMS WILL
                  REACH SEVERE LEVELS (DAMAGING WIND AND/OR
                  LARGE HAIL)
RAIN GRTR THAN - THE PROBABILITY THAT ANY ONE OF THE STORMS WILL
                  PRODUCE RAIN EXCEEDING 1 INCH OR 2 INCHES IN
                  ANY LOCATION
STORM MOTION   - GENERAL DIRECTION TO WHICH THE STORMS WILL
                  LIKELY MOVE AND SPEED IN MPH

NOTE...
VALID TIME IS FROM 12:45 PM TO 12 MIDNIGHT OF THE DAY OF ISSUANCE.
THIS PRODUCT IS NOT TO BE USED IN PLACE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORM OR
FLASH FLOOD WARNINGS OR WATCHES. THIS PRODUCT IS ONLY USED FOR
OUTLOOK PURPOSES. CORRESPONDING GRAPHICS MAY BE FOUND ON THE NWS
TUCSON INTERNET PAGE AT
HTTP://NIMBO.WRH.NOAA.GOV/TUCSON/SWO/SWO.SHTML
j
END/RJO

The office that day

Everything else NWS Tucson, AZ issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jul 17, 5:41 PM MSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTWCPima49 min
Jul 17, 6:25 PM MSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTWCPima60 min
Jul 17, 7:25 PM MSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTWCPima45 min
Jul 17, 7:33 PM MSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTWCGreenlee47 min
Jul 17, 8:09 PM MSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTWCPima61 min
Jul 17, 8:17 PM MSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTWCGraham48 min
Jul 17, 11:14 PM MSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTWCPinal46 min
Jul 18, 12:15 AM MSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTWCPima90 min
Jul 18, 1:44 AM MSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTWCPima46 min
Jul 18, 2:08 PM MSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTWCPima, Santa Cruz62 min
Jul 18, 2:44 PM MSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTWCPima46 min
Jul 18, 3:25 PM MSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTWCPima45 min

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Arizona, 1998Every severe thunderstorm warning in 1998

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.