Alert archive / Texas / Tornado Warnings in 1998

Tornado Warning 2, NWS Houston/Galveston, TX

January 11, 1998Brazos County, Burleson County, Texas

NWS Houston/Galveston, TX issued this tornado warning at Jan 11, 1998, 6:31 PM CST for Brazos County, Burleson County, Texas. It was in force for 59 min. 3 reports came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The counties it named, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Jan 11, 1998, 6:31 PM CST (00:31 UTC)
Expired
Jan 11, 1998, 7:30 PM CST
In force
59 min
Issued by
NWS Houston/Galveston, TX
Area
Whole counties

Counties Brazos County, TX, Burleson County, TX

The radar

The Ft Hood radar (KGRK), 90 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 00:13 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Jan 11, 6:55 PM CSTHail 0.75College Station, TX
Jan 11, 6:58 PM CSTHail 2Wellborn, TX
Jan 11, 6:58 PM CSTHail 1.75College Station, TXSubstantial damage to cars grom golfball size hail.

NCEI Storm Data entries that began inside the alert's area while it was in force. Before 2003 the local storm report archive is thin, so this is the record of what happened rather than what was phoned in.

The watch it was issued in

The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.

IssuedProductOfficeLasted
Jan 11, 4:45 PM CSTTornado WatchSPC5 hr

The nearest sounding before it

Fort Worth, TX (KFWD), launched 00:00Z, 0.5 hours before the alert went out and 263 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Fort Worth, TX at 00:00Z on 1998-01-12Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 0 joules per kilogram.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Fort Worth, TX at 00:00Z on 1998-01-12The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 104 square meters per square second.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
No buoyant parcel
Mixed-layer LCL
588 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
58 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
104 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
211 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

514 
WFUS1 KHOU 120033 RRA
TORHOU
TXC041-051-120130-
 
BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
TORNADO WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HOUSTON/GALVESTON TX
631 PM CST SUN JAN 11 1998
 
THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN HOUSTON/GALVESTON HAS ISSUED A
TORNADO WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL  730 PM CST
FOR PEOPLE IN THE FOLLOWING LOCATIONS...
 
IN SOUTHEAST TEXAS
 
   ...BRAZOS COUNTY...EASTERN BURLESON COUNTY
 
AT 630 PM...DOPPLER WEATHER RADAR INDICATED A TORNADIC THUNDERSTORM OVER
SNOOK. THIS STORM IS MOVING EAST-NORTHEAST AT 25 MPH. THE COMMUNITY OF
WELLBORN IS IN THE PATH OF THIS STORM.
 
THIS IS A DANGEROUS STORM.  IF YOU ARE IN ITS PATH...PREPARE
FOR DAMAGING WIND IN EXCESS OF 55 MPH...LARGE HAIL...AND
VERY HEAVY RAIN.  IF CAUGHT OUTSIDE... MOVE TO A SHELTER...
PREFERABLY INSIDE A STRONG BUILDING BUT STAY AWAY FROM WINDOWS.
 
A TORNADO WATCH IS ALSO IN EFFECT FOR THE WARNED AREA. REMEMBER
SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS CAN AND OCCASIONALLY DO PRODUCE TORNADOES
WITH LITTLE OR NO ADVANCE WARNING.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Houston/Galveston, TX wrote its last area forecast discussion before this tornado warning went out at Jan 11, 1:30 PM CST, 5 hours 1 minute earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Jan 11, 1:30 PM CST, 5 hours 1 minute before
SOUTHEAST TEXAS FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HOUSTON/GALVESTON TX
130 PM CST SUN JAN 11 1998

SCT -SHRA BEGINNING TO DEVELOP ACROSS OUR WESTERN COUNTIES TO THE WEST
OF THE IAH AREA.  EARLY AFTERNOON ADAP DATA INDICATES SE TX HAS NO CAP
INVERSION...INCREASING SURFACE MOISTURE CONVERGENCE...AND LOWERING LI
VALUES.  INLAND DEW POINTS REMAIN IN THE UPPER 50S TO LOWER
60S...WHILE COASTAL READING ARE APPROACHING THE MID 60S (HOU AT 66).
EXPECT SHRA TO CONTINUE TO INTENSIFY THIS AFTERNOON WITH TSRA...SOME
POSSIBLY SEVERE...FORMING AS UPPER LOW PRESENTLY MOVING THROUGH THE TX
PANHANDLE GETS CLOSER TO E TX AND APPROACHING UPPER LEVEL SUBTROPICAL
JETS (EVIDENT ON WATER VAPOR SATELLITE PICTURES) RACE TOWARD SE TX.
12Z TIME SECTIONS KEEP THE LOWEST LEVELS MOIST OVERNIGHT...LEADING TO
SOME LOW CLOUD/PATCHY FOG FORMATION BETWEEN MIDNIGHT AND SUNRISE.
EXPECT MORNING CLOUDS TO LIFT THROUGH THE AFTERNOON RESULTING IN SKIES
BECOMING PARTLY CLOUDY AS A DRIER WEST TO SOUTHWEST WIND PREVAILS.
STRENGTH OF RETURN FLOW IS IN QUESTION FOR MONDAY NIGHT/TUESDAY
MORNING.  TIME SECTIONS SHOW DEEP MOISTURE POOL THAT WILL REMAIN JUST
OFFSHORE ON MONDAY WILL RETURN TO THE AREA MONDAY NIGHT AND TUESDAY
RESULTING IN SKIES BECOMING MOSTLY CLOUDY.  SW FLOW AT 500 MB WILL
KEEP AREA UNDER THREAT OF EMBEDDED WEAK SHORTWAVES.  PROXIMITY OF A
COLD FRONT ON TUESDAY AND RETURN FLOW WILL RESULT IN LOW POPS
REINTRODUCED INTO THE FORECAST.  DETAILS ARE NEXT.

PRELIMS...
NE  T/E>B  B/>E  053/072 048/070  7002
CLL T/E>B  B/>E  051/074 049/070  6002
IAH T/E>B >E/E   055/074 052/071  6023
GLS T/E>B >E/E   060/069 058/069  6023

*ALL ZONES HAVE SOME POSSIBLY SVR TSRA THIS EVENING

42

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Jan 11, 4:32 PM CST, 1 hour 59 minutes before
TXZ211-237-210-227-198-213-163-200-511-236-199-179-178-164-177-
212-197-226-196-195-214-238-235-176-120430-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HOUSTON/GALVESTON TX
432 PM CST SUN JAN 11 1998

...TORNADO WATCH ISSUED FOR SOUTHEAST TEXAS UNTIL 1000 PM...

A TORNADO WATCH IS IN EFFECT FOR ALL OF SOUTHEAST TEXAS FROM
445 PM UNTIL 10 PM THIS EVENING.  THE COUNTIES INCLUDED IN THE
WATCH AREA...BURLESON...BRAZOS...MADISON...HOUSTON...WASHINGTON...
GRIMES...WALKER...TRINITY...COLORADO...AUSTIN...WALLER...MONTGOMERY...
SAN JACINTO...POLK...JACKSON...WHARTON...FORT BEND...HARRIS...
LIBERTY...MATAGORDA...BRAZORIA...GALVESTON AND CHAMBERS COUNTIES.

SCATTERED SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS OVER CENTRAL TEXAS WILL SPREAD
OVER EAST TEXAS THROUGH THE EVENING...WITH THE POTENTIAL OF SOME
STORMS BECOMING SEVERE.  IN ADDITION...ISOLATED THUNDERSTORMS MAY
PRODUCE LOCALLY HEAVY RAINFALL UP TO 2 INCHES WHICH WILL AGGRAVATE
THE FLOODING PROBLEMS OVER ALREADY SATURATED GROUNDS.

TORNADOES...HAIL TO 2 INCHES IN DIAMETER...THUNDERSTORM WIND GUSTS
TO 70 MPH...AND DANGEROUS LIGHTNING ARE POSSIBLE IN THESE AREAS.

REMEMBER...A TORNADO WATCH MEANS CONDITIONS ARE FAVORABLE FOR
TORNADOES AND SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN AND CLOSE TO THE WATCH AREA.
PERSONS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD BE ON THE LOOKOUT FOR THREATENING
WEATHER CONDITIONS AND LISTEN TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO OR LOCAL
MEDIA FOR THE LATEST STATEMENTS AND POSSIBLE WARNINGS.
Special weather statement, Jan 11, 4:32 PM CST, 1 hour 59 minutes before
TXZ211-237-210-227-198-213-163-200-511-236-199-179-178-164-177-
212-197-226-196-195-214-238-235-176-120430-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HOUSTON/GALVESTON TX
432 PM CST SUN JAN 11 1998

...TORNADO WATCH ISSUED FOR SOUTHEAST TEXAS UNTIL 1000 PM...

A TORNADO WATCH IS IN EFFECT FOR ALL OF SOUTHEAST TEXAS FROM
445 PM UNTIL 10 PM THIS EVENING.  THE COUNTIES INCLUDED IN THE
WATCH AREA...BURLESON...BRAZOS...MADISON...HOUSTON...WASHINGTON...
GRIMES...WALKER...TRINITY...COLORADO...AUSTIN...WALLER...MONTGOMERY...
SAN JACINTO...POLK...JACKSON...WHARTON...FORT BEND...HARRIS...
LIBERTY...MATAGORDA...BRAZORIA...GALVESTON AND CHAMBERS COUNTIES.

SCATTERED SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS OVER CENTRAL TEXAS WILL SPREAD
OVER EAST TEXAS THROUGH THE EVENING...WITH THE POTENTIAL OF SOME
STORMS BECOMING SEVERE.  IN ADDITION...ISOLATED THUNDERSTORMS MAY
PRODUCE LOCALLY HEAVY RAINFALL UP TO 2 INCHES WHICH WILL AGGRAVATE
THE FLOODING PROBLEMS OVER ALREADY SATURATED GROUNDS.

TORNADOES...HAIL TO 2 INCHES IN DIAMETER...THUNDERSTORM WIND GUSTS
TO 70 MPH...AND DANGEROUS LIGHTNING ARE POSSIBLE IN THESE AREAS.

REMEMBER...A TORNADO WATCH MEANS CONDITIONS ARE FAVORABLE FOR
TORNADOES AND SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN AND CLOSE TO THE WATCH AREA.
PERSONS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD BE ON THE LOOKOUT FOR THREATENING
WEATHER CONDITIONS AND LISTEN TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO OR LOCAL
MEDIA FOR THE LATEST STATEMENTS AND POSSIBLE WARNINGS.

The office that day

Everything else NWS Houston/Galveston, TX issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jan 11, 6:36 PM CSTTornado WarningHGXWashington69 min
Jan 11, 7:01 PM CSTTornado WarningHGXGrimes59 min
Jan 11, 7:42 PM CSTTornado WarningHGXMontgomery48 min
Jan 11, 8:31 PM CSTTornado WarningHGXMontgomery34 min
Jan 11, 9:23 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningHGXSan Jacinto27 min
Jan 11, 9:38 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningHGXPolk57 min
Jan 11, 9:38 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningHGXPolk67 min
Jan 12, 1:34 AM CSTTornado WarningHGXLiberty61 min

Nearby

Tornado Warnings in Texas, 1998Every tornado warning in 1998Tornadoes in 1998

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; verification from NCEI's Storm Data; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.