Alert archive / Oklahoma / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 1996

Severe Thunderstorm Warning 362, NWS Tulsa, OK

September 23, 1996Pawnee County, Oklahoma

NWS Tulsa, OK issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Sep 23, 1996, 6:37 PM CDT for Pawnee County, Oklahoma. It was in force for 53 min. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The counties it named, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Sep 23, 1996, 6:37 PM CDT (23:37 UTC)
Expired
Sep 23, 1996, 7:30 PM CDT
In force
53 min
Issued by
NWS Tulsa, OK
Area
Whole counties

County Pawnee County, OK

The radar

The Tulsa radar (KINX), 103 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 23:39 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Sep 23, 7:12 PM CDTHail 0.75Pawnee, OK

NCEI Storm Data entries that began inside the alert's area while it was in force. Before 2003 the local storm report archive is thin, so this is the record of what happened rather than what was phoned in.

The nearest sounding before it

Norman, OK (KOUN), launched 12:00Z, 11.6 hours before the alert went out and 137 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Norman, OK at 12:00Z on 1996-09-23Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 2177 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Norman, OK at 12:00Z on 1996-09-23The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 130 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
2177 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-175 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
844 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
16 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
130 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
146 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
1.4

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

000 
TTAA00 KTUL 232338
SVRTUL
OKC117-240030-
 
BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
637 PM CDT MON SEP 23 1996
 
THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN TULSA HAS ISSUED A
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL  730 PM CDT
FOR PEOPLE IN THE FOLLOWING LOCATION...
 
IN NORTHEAST OKLAHOMA
 
   ...PAWNEE COUNTY
 
AT 636 PM WEATHER RADAR INDICATED A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM CENTERED
10 MILES WEST OF RALSTON MOVING TO THE SOUTHEAST AT 20 MILES AN
HOUR.  RALSTON AND SKEDEE ARE NEAR THE PATH OF THIS STORM.
 
HAIL TO THE SIZE OF QUATERS AND WIND GUSTS TO 65 MPH CAN BE EXPECTED
IN THE WARNED AREA.
 
KEEP TUNED TO THIS STATION FOR THE LATEST WEATHER BULLETINS.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Tulsa, OK wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at Sep 23, 3:54 PM CDT, 2 hours 43 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Sep 23, 3:54 PM CDT, 2 hours 43 minutes before
EASTERN OKLAHOMA/NORTHWEST ARKANSAS FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
345 PM CDT MON SEP 23 1996

AT 20Z...COLD FRONT EXTENDING FROM ENID TO LAWTON. PROGRESS HAS
BEEN SLOW BUT WITH HIGH PRESSURE BUILDING IN OVER UPPER PLAINS...
THE FRONT WILL GET A PUSH ACROSS EASTERN OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST
ARKANSAS DURING THE OVERNIGHT HOURS AND WILL BE ALONG/NEAR THE RED
RIVER BY SUNRISE TUESDAY.  SVR TSTM WATCH IN EFFECT FOR NORTHERN
COUNTIES TILL 9PM AND TSTMS NOW DEVELOPING JUST NORTH OF THE FA IN
KS.  EXPECT STORMS TO FIRE ALONG AND JUST AHEAD OF COLD FRONT AND
END AS THE COLD FRONT MOVES THROUGH...SO WENT 40-60 POPS AREAWIDE
AND WORDED TO REFLECT TIMING OF PRECIP.

IN THE LONGER TERM...ALL MODELS REMAIN IN FAIR AGREEMENT THROUGH 36
HOURS WITH UPPER LEVEL ZONAL FLOW.  THEN THE NGM/AVN DEVELOP A LOW
IN W KS WHILE THE ETA IS WEAKER WITH THIS FEATURE.  IN ANY CASE...
WITH THE FRONT JUST SOUTH OF THE AREA EXPECT IT TO BEGIN MOVING
NORTH AS A WARM FRONT WITH AN OVERRUNNING SITUATION DEVELOPING LATE
TUESDAY NIGHT/EARLY WEDNESDAY SO WILL REINTRODUCE POPS FOR WED.
BELIEVE THE NORTHERN COUNTIES WILL HAVE THE BEST CHANCE OF SEEING
CLEARING SKIES OVER THE NEXT 2 DAYS BUT WILL ALSO RECEIVE MORE OF
THE COLD AIR...SO WORDED TEMPS AND CLOUD COVER APPROPRIATELY.

                                 '33'

-----PRELIM NUMBERS-----
TUL 061/074 061/074 6113
FSM 065/077 064/078 4214
MLC 064/077 065/076 5214
BVO 058/072 0260/073 6113
FYV 058/075 056/074 5113
IDB 065/077 066/077 5315
BYV 057/074 055/075 6113

.TUL...
OK...NONE.
AR...NONE.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Sep 23, 1:22 PM CDT, 5 hours 15 minutes before
ARZ001-002-010-011-019-029-OKZ054>077-241200-

EASTERN OKLAHOMA/NORTHWEST ARKANSAS THUNDERSTORM OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
120 PM CDT MON SEP 23 1996

A FEW SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ARE POSSIBLE THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT
ACROSS EASTERN OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS.

EARLY THIS AFTERNOON AN AREA OF LOW PRESSURE AND A FRONT WERE
LOCATED ACROSS KANSAS. THUNDERSTORMS THAT EARLIER FORMED ALONG THIS
FRONT CREATED AN OUTFLOW BOUNDARY THAT WAS APPROACHING THE
KANSAS/OKLAHOMA BORDER.

MOISTURE STREAMING NORTHWARD FROM TEXAS WAS HELPING THE ATMOSPHERE
BECOME INCREASING UNSTABLE DESPITE LOW CLOUDS ACROSS MUCH OF THE
AREA. THESE CLOUDS WERE LIMITING THE AMOUNT OF AFTERNOON HEATING.

AS THE OUTFLOW BOUNDARY MOVES SOUTHWARD INTO NORTHEAST OKLAHOMA AND
NORTHWEST ARKANSAS THIS AFTERNOON THUNDERSTORMS MAY DEVELOP.
HOWEVER...A CAP WAS PRESENT ACROSS THE AREA THAT MAY INHIBIT
THUNDERSTORM DEVELOPMENT. THE BETTER CHANCE OF THUNDERSTORMS THIS
AFTERNOON WILL BE IN NORTHWEST ARKANSAS AND EXTREME NORTHEAST
OKLAHOMA WHERE THE CAP IS WEAKEST. THE FRONT WILL MOVE ACROSS THE
AREA TONIGHT AND MORE THUNDERSTORMS MAY DEVELOP ALONG AND BEHIND
THIS BOUNDARY.

A FEW OF THE THUNDERSTORMS THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT MAY BE SEVERE
WITH LARGE HAIL AND DAMAGING WINDS BEING THE PRIMARY THREAT. HEAVY
RAINS WILL ALSO BE POSSIBLE...ESPECIALLY IN AREA ALONG THE
ARKANSAS/OKLAHOMA BORDER TONIGHT.

EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCIES AND STORM SPOTTERS SHOULD REMAIN
ALERT AND BE PREPARED FOR POSSIBLE ACTIVATION LATER THIS AFTERNOON
OR TONIGHT.

THIS IS A SPECIAL ISSUANCE OF THE EASTERN OKLAHOMA/NORTHWEST
ARKANSAS THUNDERSTORM OUTLOOK. THESE OUTLOOKS ARE ISSUED DAILY FROM
MID MARCH TO MID JUNE AND AS NEEDED AT OTHER TIMES OF THE YEAR.
Local storm report, Sep 23, 2:15 PM CDT, 4 hours 22 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
215 PM CDT MON SEP 23 1996

TIME(CDT)  .....CITY LOCATION..... STATE  ...EVENT/REMARKS...
           ....COUNTY LOCATION....

0215 PM    TULSA                     OK
09/23/96   TULSA                          TEST
Local storm report, Sep 23, 6:17 PM CDT, 20 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
617 PM CDT MON SEP 23 1996

TIME(CDT)  .....CITY LOCATION..... STATE  ...EVENT/REMARKS...
           ....COUNTY LOCATION....

0609 PM    FAIRFAX                   OK   .75 INCH HAIL
09/23/96   OSAGE

The office that day

Everything else NWS Tulsa, OK issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Sep 23, 5:52 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTSAOsage68 min
Sep 23, 6:57 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTSAOsage63 min

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Oklahoma, 1996Every severe thunderstorm warning in 1996

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; verification from NCEI's Storm Data; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.