Alert archive / Pennsylvania / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 1996

Severe Thunderstorm Warning 13, NWS State College, PA

April 23, 19964 counties in Pennsylvania

NWS State College, PA issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Apr 23, 1996, 3:59 PM EDT for 4 counties in Pennsylvania. It was in force for 46 min. 4 reports came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The counties it named, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Apr 23, 1996, 3:59 PM EDT (19:59 UTC)
Expired
Apr 23, 1996, 4:45 PM EDT
In force
46 min
Issued by
NWS State College, PA
Area
Whole counties

Counties Columbia County, PA, Lycoming County, PA, Montour County, PA, Northumberland County, PA

The radar

The State College radar (KCCX), 110 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 20:03 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Apr 23, 4:10 PM EDTThunderstorm WindLairdesville, PA
Apr 23, 4:10 PM EDTThunderstorm WindDanville, PA
Apr 23, 4:15 PM EDTThunderstorm Wind 52Millville, PA
Apr 23, 4:15 PM EDTThunderstorm WindSunbury, PA

NCEI Storm Data entries that began inside the alert's area while it was in force. Before 2003 the local storm report archive is thin, so this is the record of what happened rather than what was phoned in.

The nearest sounding before it

Phillips Aaf/Abe, MD (KAPG), launched 12:00Z, 8.0 hours before the alert went out and 185 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Phillips Aaf/Abe, MD at 12:00Z on 1996-04-23Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 2 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Phillips Aaf/Abe, MD at 12:00Z on 1996-04-23The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 96 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
2 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-266 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1302 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
48 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
96 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
153 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

000 
TTAA00 KCTP 231959
SVRCTP
PAC037-081-093-097-232045-
 
BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE STATE COLLEGE PA
359 PM EDT TUE APR 23 1996
 
THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN STATE COLLEGE HAS ISSUED A
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL  445 PM EDT
FOR PEOPLE IN THE FOLLOWING LOCATIONS...S...
 
IN  PENNSYLVANIA
 
   ...COLUMBIA COUNTY...EASTERN LYCOMING COUNTY...MONTOUR COUNTY
   ...NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY
 
DOPPLER RADAR IN STATE COLLEGE INDICATED A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM FROM NEAR
MUNCY SOUTH TO JUST WEST OF SUNBURY. THE THUNDERSTORM IS MOVING
NORTHEAST ABOUT 40 MPH AND SHOULD CROSS HUGHESVILLE AND DANVILLE
BEFORE 415 PM...AND REACH BLOOMSBURG BY 430 PM.
 
 
 
WHEN THUNDERSTORMS ARE OCCURRING...PEOPLE SHOULD MOVE INSIDE A
STRONG BUILDING.  DO NOT STAND BY WINDOWS.  DON'T USE TELEPHONES
OR ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES UNLESS IN AN EMERGENCY UNTIL THE STORM
HAS PASSED.  MOTORISTS SHOULD NOT DRIVE INTO LOW~ WATER CROSSINGS.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS State College, PA wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at Apr 23, 2:32 PM EDT, 1 hour 27 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Apr 23, 2:32 PM EDT, 1 hour 27 minutes before
CENTRAL PENNSYLVANIA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE STATE COLLEGE PA
230 PM EDT TUE APR 23 1996

SHOWER ACTIVITY STARTING TO BLOSSOM OVER THE CTP COUNTIES DURING
THE LAST HOUR OR SO.  EXCEPTION IS THE LOWER SUSQUEHANNA VALLEY
WHERE NO ECHOES HAVE BEEN SIGHTED YET.  SO FAR...LDS HAS BEEN
QUIET.  DID HAVE THE BEGINNINGS OF AN INTERESTING CELL CLINTON
COUNTY...BUT IT FIZZLED JUST AS FAST AS IT FORMED.  WONDER IF
THIS IS AN INDICATION THAT MUCH OF THE AREA JUST ISN/T QUITE RIPE
ENOUGH YET FOR DEVELOPMENT OF SVR ATTM.

OF COURSE ONCE AGAIN THE EXCEPTION IS THE LOWER SUSQUEHANNA
VALLEY WHERE INSTABILITIES GREATEST AND MODERATE SVR IS OUTLOOKED
BY SPC.  HODOGRAPHS WOULD INDICATE THAT ATMOSPHERE WOULD SUPPORT
MULIT-CELL LINEAR TYPE STORMS TODAY WITH BEST POTENTIAL OF SVR
COMING FROM STRONG WINDS.  CURRENT VAD WINDS AT CTP SHOW SOME
VERY SLIGHT VEERING AT LOWEST LEVELS...BUT PROBABLY MORE
IMPRESSIVE IS THE 50 KT WINDS AT 8000 FT.  IT WILL NOT TAKE MUCH
TO MIX GUSTY WINDS TO SURFACE.  CELLS ON KCCX HAVE BEEN MOVING
AROUND 40 KTS.

MODIFIED IAD SOUNDING FOR THIS AFTERNOON SHOWS LI/S IN THE LOWER
SUSQUEHANNA VALLEY AROUND -4...BUT LOW LEVEL MOISTURE STILL SEEMS
TO BE LACKING SOMEWHAT.  BEST 850 JET PROGGED TO BE ACROSS THE
AREA NOW...BUT WILL BE WELL TO THE EAST BY 00Z.  THIS MAY BE A
BIT FAST...AS MODELS HAVE BEEN FAST WITH SURFACE WAVE AND FRONTAL
PROGRESS TODAY.  THINK BEST TIME TO GET SEVERE WOULD HAVE TO BE
SOON...OR WE MAY LOOSE THE BEST DYNAMICS.

SAW THE PIT WORK ZONES AND THEY LOOK GOOD.

JUNG

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Apr 23, 11:35 AM EDT, 4 hours 24 minutes before
PAZ004>006-010>012-017>019-024>028-033>037-041-042-045-046-
049>053-056>059-063>066-240200-

SEVERE WEATHER OUTLOOK FOR PENNSYLVANIA
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE STATE COLLEGE PA
1130 AM EDT TUE APR 23 1996

THE STORMS PREDICTION CENTER IN KANSAS CITY SAYS THAT THERE IS A
MODERATE RISK OF SEVERE WEATHER ACROSS THE LOWER SUSQUEHANNA
VALLEY THIS AFTERNOON AND EVENING.  A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE
THUNDERSTORMS ALSO EXISTS OVER THE REST OF CENTRAL PENNSYLVANIA
INCLUDING THE CENTRAL AND SOUTH CENTRAL MOUNTAINS AND THE MIDDLE
SUSQUEHANNA VALLEY.  SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ARE NOT EXPECTED ACROSS
THE NORTHERN MOUNTAINS.

A COLD FRONT WILL MOVE ACROSS CENTRAL PENNSYLVANIA LATER THIS
AFTERNOON AND EVENING...TRIGGERING SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS.
SOME OF THE THUNDERSTORMS COULD BE SEVERE... ESPECIALLY OVER THE
LOWER SUSQUEHANNA VALLEY.  SKYWARN SPOTTER NETWORKS MAY NEED TO
BE ACTIVATED LATER THIS AFTERNOON AND EVENING.

JUNG
Special weather statement, Apr 23, 3:47 PM EDT, 12 minutes before
PAZ006-010>012-017>019-024>028-033>037-041-042-045-046-049>053-
056>059-063>066-240100-
SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE STATE COLLEGE PA
345 PM EDT TUE APR 23 1996

...SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH IN EFFECT UNTIL  900 PM EDT...

THE NATIONAL SEVERE STORMS FORECAST CENTER IN KANSAS CITY HAS ISSUED
A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH EFFECTIVE UNTIL  900 PM EDT TUESDAY FOR THE
FOLLOWING COUNTIES:

ELK...
CAMERON...
CLEARFIELD...
CENTRE...
CAMBRIA...
BLAIR...
HUNTINGDON...
SOMERSET...
BEDFORD...
FULTON...
FRANKLIN...
MIFFLIN...
JUNIATA...
POTTER...
CLINTON...
TIOGA...
LYCOMING...
SULLIVAN...
UNION...
NORTHUMBERLAND...
MONTOUR...
COLUMBIA...
SNYDER...
SCHUYLKILL...
PERRY...
DAUPHIN...
LEBANON...
CUMBERLAND...
ADAMS...
YORK...
LANCASTER...

SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS PRODUCE LARGE DAMAGING HAIL 3/4 OF AN INCH
IN DIAMETER OR LARGER...DAMAGING THUNDERSTORM WINDS OF 58 MPH OR
GREATER AND DANGEROUS CLOUD TO GROUND LIGHTNING.

REMEMBER...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH MEANS CONDITIONS ARE
FAVORABLE FOR SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN AND CLOSE TO THE WATCH AREA.
PERSONS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD BE ON THE LOOKOUT FOR THREATENING
WEATHER CONDITIONS AND LISTEN FOR LATER STATEMENTS AND POSSIBLE
WARNINGS.

GET TO A SAFE PLACE OF SHELTER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU ARE CAUGHT IN THE
OPEN.  STAY OFF THE PHONE AND KEEP AWAY FROM WINDOWS.  LIGHTNING
IS A KILLER IN THESE STORMS.  DO NOT SEEK SHELTER UNDER TREES AND
GET OUT OF ^OPEN AREAS.

FITZGERALD

The office that day

Everything else NWS State College, PA issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Apr 23, 4:12 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPSullivan48 min
Apr 23, 4:16 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPCambria, Somerset59 min
Apr 23, 4:48 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPBedford, Blair57 min
Apr 23, 5:02 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPFulton, Huntingdon43 min
Apr 23, 5:12 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPCentre, Mifflin63 min
Apr 23, 5:27 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPCumberland, Franklin, Perry63 min
Apr 23, 5:27 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPJuniata63 min
Apr 23, 5:37 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPAdams, York53 min
Apr 23, 5:47 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPSnyder, Union58 min
Apr 23, 6:03 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPAdams57 min
Apr 23, 6:03 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPDauphin, Northumberland57 min
Apr 23, 6:15 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPColumbia, Lebanon, Schuylkill60 min
Apr 23, 6:15 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPMontour60 min
Apr 23, 6:15 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPLancaster60 min

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Pennsylvania, 1996Every severe thunderstorm warning in 1996

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; verification from NCEI's Storm Data; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.