Alert archive / Pennsylvania / Flash Flood Warnings in 1996

Flash Flood Warning 227, NWS State College, PA

December 2, 1996Columbia County, Pennsylvania

NWS State College, PA issued this flash flood warning at Dec 2, 1996, 2:45 AM EST for Columbia County, Pennsylvania. It was in force for 3 hr. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The counties it named.

The facts

Issued
Dec 2, 1996, 2:45 AM EST (07:45 UTC)
Expired
Dec 2, 1996, 6:00 AM EST
In force
3 hr
Issued by
NWS State College, PA
Area
Whole counties

County Columbia County, PA

The radar

The Binghamton radar (KBGM), 133 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 07:46 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

The nearest sounding before it

Washington/Dulle, VA (KIAD), launched 00:00Z, 7.8 hours before the alert went out and 248 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Washington/Dulle, VA at 00:00Z on 1996-12-02Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 16 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Washington/Dulle, VA at 00:00Z on 1996-12-02The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 322 square meters per square second.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
16 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-83 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
458 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
75 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
322 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
347 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

000 
TTAA00 KCTP 020752
FFWCTP
PAC037-021045-
 
BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
FLOOD WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE STATE COLLEGE PA
245 AM EST MON DEC 2 1996
 
THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN STATE COLLEGE HAS CONTINUED THE
FLOOD WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL 600 AM EST
FOR PEOPLE IN THE FOLLOWING LOCATIONS......
 
IN  PENNSYLVANIA
 
   ...COLUMBIA COUNTY
 
STATE COLLEGE DOPPLER RADAR CONTINUES TO SHOW RAIN BANDS MOVING
NORTHWARD INTO THE COUNTY. AUTOMATED RAIN GAUGES INDICATE THAT BETWEEN
2-3 INCHES OF RAIN HAS FALLEN ACROSS THE COUNTY DURING THE PAST 24
HOURS. EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT OFFICIALS REPORT SEVERAL ROADS FLOODED AND
FISHING CREEK IS OVER ITS BANKS.
 
ADDITIONAL RAINFALL OVER THE NEXT SEVERAL HOURS WILL KEEP THE FLOOD
THREAT HIGH ACROSS MUCH OF THE COUNTY.
 
BE ESPECIALLY CAUTIOUS AT NIGHT WHEN IT IS HARDER TO RECOGNIZE
THE DANGERS OF FLOODS AND FLASH FLOODS.  IF FLASH FLOODING IS
OBSERVED...ACT QUICKLY.  MOVE UP TO ESCAPE FLOOD WATERS.  DO
NOT STAY IN AREAS SUBJECT TO FLOODING WHEN WATER BEGINS RISING.
 
WINTHER
&

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this flash flood warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS State College, PA wrote its last area forecast discussion before this flash flood warning went out at Dec 1, 7:52 PM EST, 6 hours 53 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Dec 1, 7:52 PM EST, 6 hours 53 minutes before
CENTRAL PENNSYLVANIA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE STATE COLLEGE PA
750 PM EST SUN DEC 1 1996

...ZONE SUGGESTIONS/COORDINATION...
...PIT...FRONT SEEMS TO BE HANGING UP FOR THE TIME BEING OVER
HUNTINGDON/BEDFORD COUNTIES. WUD WAIT TIL THE BITTER END TO DECIDE
WHERE OR NOT TO LET FFA EXPIRE THESE COUNTIES. STILL THINK BEST
RAINS WILL BE FURTHER EAST...BUT LONG DURATION TOTALS MAY CAUSE
PROBLEMS IF FRONT DOESN'T START TO HAUL SOON.
...PHL...WUD LET FFA REMAIN UNTIL WAVE MOVES OFF DURING WEE HOURS.

...DISCUSSION...
FIRST PROBLEM CONCERNS FRONT PASSING THRU LOCAL AREA AND HEAVY RAIN
ASSOC. GENERAL 1-2" TOTALS FROM EARLIER TODAY BEING ADDED ON TO BY
FRONTAL PRECIP. SMALL STREAMS IN SCHUYLKILL AND LANCASTER OUT OF
BANKS AND SEVERAL OTHER LOCATIONS NEAR FLASH FLOOD GUID. FEEL
THREAT OF FLOODING WILL PRETTY MUCH CONFINE ITSELF TO SE COUNTIES
WHERE MORE HEAVY PRECIP IS POSSIBLE FROM UPSTREAM DEVELOPMENTS. IR
SHOT SHOWS ANTICYCLONIC BULGE ON BACK SIDE OF BAROCLINIC ZONE AND
LAST FEW FRAMES DEPICT RAPID ENHANCEMENT IN COLD CLOUD TOPS. RADAR
SHOWS PRECIP BLOSSOMING BACK INTO SOUTH CTRL PA WITH SOME HITS
SHOWING UP ON LDS CHARTS. ALL OF WHICH SEEM TO SUPPORT MODEL
GUIDANCE OF INCIPIENT CYCLOGENESIS OVER W.VA. ADAP SHOWS GOOD
PRESSURE FALLS OVER ERN PA IN STRONG WARM ADVECTING FLOW.
DEVELOPMENT SEEMS TO BE IN RESPONSE TO JET STREAK THAT MESO ETA
PROGS TO APPROACH FRONTAL ZONE. AS LEFT FRONT QUAD SLIDES INTO
REGION FROM SOUTH...COUPLED JET FEATURE DEVELOPS AND GETS NEW
ENTICES NEW WAVE TO FORM ON FRONT...EVENTUALLY TO MOVE TWD NJ AND
SRN NEW ENG.

AFTER DEALING WITH POTENTIAL FLOODING PROBLEMS...SEVERE WX BECOMES
THREAT AS STRONG ENVIRONMENTAL WINDS JUST OFF DECK MANAGE TO MIX
DOWN TO SFC UNDER FORCING FROM DEVELOPING CONVECTION. WARNING WAS
ISSUED FOR BEDFORD COUNTY AS SRM PRODUCT SHOWED QUICK TIGHTEN UP OF
SHEAR OVER COURSE OF 3 VOL SCANS IN SE QUAD OF THUNDERSTORM HEADING
UP OUT OF MD. NOT ABLE TO CONFIRM DAMAGE AS YET BUT QUICK HITTING
NATURE OF STORMS WILL BE HARD TO GET AHEAD OF.

MESO ETA SHOWS COLD AIR ACCELERATING EASTWARD AS WAVE DEEPENS AND
MOVES OFF TO EAST. HOURLY PRECIP PLOTS DON'T SHOW MUCH SNOW BUT
LARGE SCALE GRIDS HINT AT POSSIBILITY THAT SOME PRECIP MAY HANG
BACK AS COLD AIR INVADES. NOT THE BEST SET UP FOR ACCUM SNOW AS
MOISTURE AND VERTICAL VELOCITIES WILL BE SHUTTING DOWN QUICKLY AND
COLD AIR IS STILL A WAYS OFF...BUT COULD GET SLIPPERY TWD MORNING.

NEXT SYSTEM IS ZIPPED EAST BY MODELS POSSIBLY SPREADING LIGHT
PRECIP IN HERE TUES. TROF MAINTAINS LOW AMPLITUDE SO PRECIP AMOUNTS
SHUD REMAIN MINOR. ITS LATER IN WEEK THAT LOOKS MORE WINTERY. UKMET
AND ECMWF CAN'T AGREE ON PLACEMENT OR TIMING BUT EACH PAINTS ITS
OWN SCENARIO FOR MAJOR ERN US CYCLOGENESIS. MRF PAINTS ZONAL FLOW
AND THAT SEEMS TO BE WHAT NCEP ACCEPTS IN HAND DRAWN PROGS. WEATHER
COULD GET WORTH LOOKING FORWARD TOO HERE AS PATTERN UNDERGOES
TRANSITION.

...LAKE SNOW OUTLOOK...
SUN MIDNIGHT TO 7AM...N...
MON 7AM TO 7PM...N...
MON 7PM TO 7AM...N...

LA CORTE

The office that day

Everything else NWS State College, PA issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Dec 1, 7:04 PM ESTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPBedford41 min
Dec 1, 8:25 PM ESTFlash Flood WarningCTPLancaster4 hr
Dec 1, 8:25 PM ESTFlash Flood WarningCTPFranklin4 hr
Dec 1, 8:43 PM ESTFlash Flood WarningCTPBedford, Blair, Fulton, Huntingdon4 hr
Dec 1, 9:13 PM ESTFlash Flood WarningCTPCentre, Clinton, Lycoming, Union4 hr
Dec 1, 9:13 PM ESTFlash Flood WarningCTPTioga4 hr
Dec 1, 9:34 PM ESTFlash Flood WarningCTPJuniata, Mifflin, Snyder4 hr
Dec 1, 10:37 PM ESTFlash Flood WarningCTPColumbia, Montour, Northumberland, Sullivan4 hr
Dec 1, 11:09 PM ESTFlash Flood WarningCTPSchuylkill3 hr
Dec 2, 12:29 AM ESTFlash Flood WarningCTPLancaster5 hr
Dec 2, 1:16 AM ESTFlash Flood WarningCTPHuntingdon5 hr
Dec 2, 2:05 AM ESTFlash Flood WarningCTPSchuylkill4 hr
Dec 2, 3:21 AM ESTFlash Flood WarningCTPLycoming3 hr

Nearby

Flash Flood Warnings in Pennsylvania, 1996Every flash flood warning in 1996

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.