Alert archive / Kansas / Tornado Warnings in 1991

Tornado Warning 18, NWS Topeka, KS

April 12, 1991Washington County, Kansas

NWS Topeka, KS issued this tornado warning at Apr 12, 1991, 7:48 PM CDT for Washington County, Kansas. It was in force for 42 min. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The counties it named, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Apr 12, 1991, 7:48 PM CDT (00:48 UTC)
Expired
Apr 12, 1991, 8:30 PM CDT
In force
42 min
Issued by
NWS Topeka, KS
Area
Whole counties

County Washington County, KS

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Apr 12, 8:00 PM CDTHail 1.75Washington, KS

NCEI Storm Data entries that began inside the alert's area while it was in force. Before 2003 the local storm report archive is thin, so this is the record of what happened rather than what was phoned in. Storm Data before 1996 records only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail.

The nearest sounding before it

Topeka, KS (KTOP), launched 00:00Z, 0.8 hours before the alert went out and 152 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Topeka, KS at 00:00Z on 1991-04-13Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 392 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Topeka, KS at 00:00Z on 1991-04-13The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 98 square meters per square second.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
392 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-136 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1502 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
45 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
98 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
219 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.1
Supercell composite
1.5

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

000 
TTAA00 KCNK 130049
TORCNK
KSC201-130130-
 
BULLETIN - EBS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
TORNADO WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE CONCORDIA KS
748 PM CDT FRI APR 12 1991
 
THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN CONCORDIA HAS ISSUED A
TORNADO WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL  830 PM CDT
FOR PEOPLE IN THE FOLLOWING LOCATION...
 
IN NORTH CENTRAL KANSAS
 
   ...WASHINGTON COUNTY
 
AT 747 PM RADAR INDICATED A POSSIBLE TORNADO 15 MILES EAST OF
CONCORDIA NEAR CLIFTON MOVING NORTHEAST AT 30 MPH.
 
 
THIS IS A VERY DANGEROUS STORM.  ACT QUICKLY.  IF YOU ARE IN THE
PATH OF THIS TORNADO MOVE TO A SHELTER BELOW GROUND IF AVAILABLE.
OTHERWISE... GO TO A SMALL INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR
POSSIBLE.  AVOID WINDOWS.  ABANDON CARS AND MOBILE HOMES FOR A
STURDIER BUILDING OR GET INTO A DITCH OR CULVERT.
 
KLEYLA

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Apr 12, 1:56 PM CDT, 5 hours 52 minutes before
KSZ007-008-010-011-122000-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE CONCORDIA KS
155 PM CDT FRI APR 12 1991

...TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 125 IS IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 PM EAST OF A LINE FROM
PHILLIPSBURG TO COLDWATER AND WEST OF A LINE FROM BELLEVILLE TO SALINA
TO WICHITA...

AT 155 PM CONCORDIA RADAR SHOWED RAPIDLY DEVELOPING THUNDERSTORMS FROM
20 MILES SOUTHWEST OF GREAT BEND NEAR LARNED TO 25 MILES NORTHWEST OF
GREAT BEND NEAR GALATIA.  THESE STORMS MAY PRODUCE HEAVY RAIN...HAIL
AND DANGEROUS LIGHTNING AS THEY MOVE NORTH AT 35 MPH.

THE ATMOSPHERE OVER CENTRAL AND NORTH-CENTRAL KANSAS IS VERY UNSTABLE AND
ADDITIONAL THUNDERSTORM DEVELOPMENT IS LIKELY THIS AFTERNOON.

RK/LS
Special weather statement, Apr 12, 2:38 PM CDT, 5 hours 10 minutes before
KSZ007-008-010-011-122030-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE CONCORDIA KS
235 PM CDT FRI APR 12 1991

...TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 125 IS IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 PM EAST OF A LINE FROM
PHILLIPSBURG TO COLDWATER AND WEST OF A LINE FROM BELLEVILLE TO SALINA
TO WICHITA...

AT 235 PM CONCORDIA RADAR SHOWED THUNDERSTORMS FROM 10 MILES WEST OF
GREAT BEND TO JUST SOUTH OF RUSSELL.  THESE STORMS MAY PRODUCE BRIEF
HEAVY RAIN..GUSTY WINDS AND DANGEROUS LIGHTNING AS THEY MOVE NORTH AT
35 MPH.

THE ATMOSPHERE OVER CENTRAL AND NORTH-CENTRAL KANSAS IS VERY UNSTABLE AND
ADDITIONAL THUNDERSTORM DEVELOPMENT IS LIKELY THIS AFTERNOON.

LS
Special weather statement, Apr 12, 3:09 PM CDT, 4 hours 39 minutes before
KSZ007-008-010-011-122100-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE CONCORDIA KS
3XX PM CDT FRI APR 12 1991

...TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 125 IS IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 PM EAST OF A LINE FROM
PHILLIPSBURG TO COLDWATER AND WEST OF A LINE FROM BELLEVILLE TO SALINA
TO WICHITA...

AT 305 PM CONCORDIA RADAR SHOWED THUNDERSTORMS FROM GREAT BEND TO 15 MILES
SOUTHWEST OF GREAT BEND.  AT 305 PM CDT THE GREAT BEND SHERIFF REPORTED
PEA TO MARBLE SIZE HAIL JUST SOUTHWEST OF GREAT BEND.

OTHER SHOWERS WERE FROM JUST SOUTH OF CONCORDIA TO SALINA TO JUST NORTH OF
MCPHERSON.  ALL THE THUNDERSTORMS AND SHOWERS WER MOVING NORTH AT 30 MPH.

THE ATMOSPHERE OVER CENTRAL AND NORTH-CENTRAL KANSAS IS VERY UNSTABLE AND
ADDITIONAL THUNDERSTORM DEVELOPMENT IS LIKELY THIS AFTERNOON.

LS
Special weather statement, Apr 12, 7:26 PM CDT, 22 minutes before
KSZ013>016-130115-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TOPEKA KS
725 PM CDT FRI APR 12 1991

...THERE ARE NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN NORTHEAST KANSAS AT 725 PM...

AT 725 PM CDT...THERE WERE NO SHOWERS OR THUNDERSTORMS IN NORTHEAST
OR EAST CENTRAL KANSAS. HOWEVER...STRONG TO SEVER THUNDERSTORMS WERE
CONTINUING OVER CENTRAL KANSAS WITH THE CLOSEST THUNDERSTORMS TO
NORTHEAST KANSAS JUST TO THE WEST OF CLAY CENTER AT 720 PM THIS
EVENING. OTHER THUNDERSTORMS EXTENDED SOUTH SOUTHWEST TO NEAR SALINA
AND INTO SOUTH CENTRAL KANSAS WEST OF WICHITA.

ALL THE THUNDERSTORMS WERE MOVING TO THE NORTH NORTHEAST AT AROUND
30 MILES AN HOUR. THE STORMS NEAR CLAY CENTER WOULD MAKE IT TO NEAR
BLUE RAPIDS AND MARYSVILLE BY 830 PM IF THEY HOLD TOGETHER AND CONTINUE
CURRENT MOVEMENT.

PB

The office that day

Everything else NWS Topeka, KS issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Apr 12, 7:16 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTOPMitchell44 min
Apr 12, 7:30 PM CDTTornado WarningTOPClay30 min
Apr 12, 8:30 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTOPWashington40 min
Apr 12, 9:36 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTOPMarshall54 min
Apr 12, 9:56 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTOPMcPherson49 min
Apr 12, 10:17 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTOPRiley58 min
Apr 12, 10:20 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningTOPWashington6 hr
Apr 12, 10:41 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTOPMcPherson49 min
Apr 12, 11:04 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTOPDickinson41 min
Apr 13, 12:34 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTOPJackson, Pottawatomie, Shawnee, Wabaunsee41 min

Nearby

Tornado Warnings in Kansas, 1991Every tornado warning in 1991Tornadoes in 1991

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; verification from NCEI's Storm Data; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive.