Alert archive / Michigan / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 1991

Severe Thunderstorm Warning 113, NWS Indianapolis, IN

July 7, 1991Saint Joseph County, Michigan

NWS Indianapolis, IN issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Jul 7, 1991, 6:28 PM EST for Saint Joseph County, Michigan. It was in force for 47 min. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The counties it named, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Jul 7, 1991, 6:28 PM EST (23:28 UTC)
Expired
Jul 7, 1991, 7:15 PM EST
In force
47 min
Issued by
NWS Indianapolis, IN
Area
Whole counties

County Saint Joseph County, MI

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Jul 7, 7:07 PM ESTThunderstorm Wind 0St. Joseph, MI

NCEI Storm Data entries that began inside the alert's area while it was in force. Before 2003 the local storm report archive is thin, so this is the record of what happened rather than what was phoned in. Storm Data before 1996 records only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail.

The nearest sounding before it

Detroit, MI (KFNT), launched 12:00Z, 11.5 hours before the alert went out and 194 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Detroit, MI at 12:00Z on 1991-07-07Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 1038 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Detroit, MI at 12:00Z on 1991-07-07The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 35 square meters per square second.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1038 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-84 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1127 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
34 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
35 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
126 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.2
Supercell composite
1.3

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

The text of this product is not in the archive. The NWS text archive before 2002 is incomplete.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Jul 7, 2:55 PM EST, 3 hours 33 minutes before
INZALL-080300-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE INDIANAPOLIS IN
254 PM EST SUN JUL 7 1991

IN INDIANA THIS TORNADO WATCH IS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1000 PM EST AND
INCLUDES THAT PART OF INDIANA...

NORTHWEST OF A LINE FROM 30 MILES SOUTH OF GARY TO 35 MILES SOUTHEAST
OF GARY TO 20 MILES WEST OF SOUTH BEND.

SOME CITIES INCLUDED ARE...GARY...MERRILLVILLE...VALPARIASO...LAPORTE
AND MICHIGAN CITY.

REMEMBER...A WATCH MEANS THAT CONDITIOHNS ARE FAVORABLE FOR SEVERE
WEATHER IN AND CLOSE TO THE WATCH AREA. PERSONS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD
BE ON THE LOOKOUT FOR THREATENING WEATHER CONDITIONS AND LISTEN FOR
LATER STATEMENTS AND POSSIBLE WARNINGS.

PRICE
Special weather statement, Jul 7, 4:51 PM EST, 1 hour 37 minutes before
INZALL-080000-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE INDIANAPOLIS IN
445 PM EST SUN JUL 7 1991

A TORNADO WATCH IS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1000 PM EST FOR THE EXTREME NORTHWEST
CORNER OF INDIANA.

AT 440 PM EST...THERE WERE NO THUNDERSTORMS IN NORTHWEST INDIANA BUT
SCATTERED THUNDERSTORMS WERE CONTINUING TO DEVELOP IN NORTHERN ILLINOIS.
THESE THUNDERSTORMS EXTENDED FROM CHICAGO TO MARSEILLES. THESE
THUNDERSTORMS WERE MOVING EAST AT NEAR 50 MILES AN HOUR. THEY WILL BEGIN
TO MOVE INTO NORTHWEST INDIANA BETWEEN 500 AND 600 PM.

THESE THUNDERSTORMS MAY CONTAIN BRIEF INTENSE RAIN...WINDS GUSTING TO 60
MILES AN HOUR...LARGE HAIL AND POSSIBLY A TORNADO.

USE EXTEME CAUTION WHEN TRAVELING IN NORTHWEST INDIANA TONIGHT. BE ALERT
FOR RAIDLY CHANGING WEATHER CONDITIONS.
HAINES
Special weather statement, Jul 7, 6:19 PM EST, 9 minutes before
INZALL-080000-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE INDIANAPOLIS IN
615 PM EST SUN JUL 7 1991

A TORNADO WATCH IS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1100 PM EST FOR MOST OF THE NORTHERN
HALF OF INDIANA.

AT 610 PM EST...THUNDERSTORMS WERE MOVING THROUGH EXTREME NORTHWEST
INDIANA. THESE THUNDERSTORMS HAVE A HISTORY OF PRODUCING WINDS GUSTING
FROM 40 TO 60 MILES AND HOUR AND HALF INCH HAIL. IF THE HAIL OCCURS WITH
VERY HIGH WINDS IT CAN BE VERY DAMAGING.

THE THUNDERSTORMS WERE MOVING EAST AT 40 TO 50 MILES AN HOUR.

USE EXTREME CAUTION WHEN TRAVELING IN NORTHWEST INDIANA TONIGHT. BE
ALERT FOR RAIDLY CHANGING WEATHER CONDITIONS. IF A WARNING IS ISSUED FOR
YOUR AREA TAKE COVER IN A SAFE STRUCTUR<E IMMEDIATLY.
HAINES
Special weather statement, Jul 7, 6:24 PM EST, 4 minutes before
INZALL-080000-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT...CORRECTION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE INDIANAPOLIS IN
615 PM EST SUN JUL 7 1991

A TORNADO WATCH IS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1100 PM EST FOR MOST OF THE NORTHERN
HALF OF INDIANA.

AT 610 PM EST...THUNDERSTORMS WERE MOVING THROUGH EXTREME NORTHWEST
INDIANA. THESE THUNDERSTORMS HAVE A HISTORY OF PRODUCING WINDS GUSTING
FROM 40 TO 60 MILES AND HOUR AND HALF INCH HAIL. IF THE HAIL OCCURS WITH
VERY HIGH WINDS IT CAN BE VERY DAMAGING.

THE THUNDERSTORMS WERE MOVING EAST AT 40 TO 50 MILES AN HOUR. THEY MAY
MOVE INTO NEWTON COUNTY BY 700 PM.

USE EXTREME CAUTION WHEN TRAVELING IN NORTHWEST INDIANA TONIGHT. BE
ALERT FOR RAIDLY CHANGING WEATHER CONDITIONS. IF AF WARNING IS ISSUED FOR
YOUR AREA TAKE COVER IN A SAFE STRUCTURE IMMEDIATLY.
HAINES

The office that day

Everything else NWS Indianapolis, IN issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jul 6, 8:28 PM ESTSevere Thunderstorm WarningINDBerrien32 min
Jul 6, 9:00 PM ESTSevere Thunderstorm WarningINDBerrien15 min
Jul 7, 5:53 PM ESTSevere Thunderstorm WarningINDBerrien52 min
Jul 7, 6:19 PM ESTTornado WarningINDBerrien26 min
Jul 7, 6:23 PM ESTSevere Thunderstorm WarningINDCass52 min

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Michigan, 1991Every severe thunderstorm warning in 1991

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; verification from NCEI's Storm Data; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive.