Alert archive / Michigan / Tornado Warnings in 1991

Tornado Warning 1, NWS Grand Rapids, MI

March 27, 1991Ottawa County, Michigan

NWS Grand Rapids, MI issued this tornado warning at Mar 27, 1991, 6:01 PM EST for Ottawa County, Michigan. It was in force for 29 min. 2 reports came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The counties it named, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Mar 27, 1991, 6:01 PM EST (23:01 UTC)
Expired
Mar 27, 1991, 6:30 PM EST
In force
29 min
Issued by
NWS Grand Rapids, MI
Area
Whole counties

County Ottawa County, MI

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Mar 27, 6:15 PM ESTHail 2.75Ottawa, MI
Mar 27, 6:20 PM ESTThunderstorm Wind 61Ottawa, MI

NCEI Storm Data entries that began inside the alert's area while it was in force. Before 2003 the local storm report archive is thin, so this is the record of what happened rather than what was phoned in. Storm Data before 1996 records only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail.

The nearest sounding before it

Green Bay/Straub, WI (KGRB), launched 12:00Z, 11.0 hours before the alert went out and 225 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Green Bay/Straub, WI at 12:00Z on 1991-03-27Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 0 joules per kilogram.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Green Bay/Straub, WI at 12:00Z on 1991-03-27The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 59 square meters per square second.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
No buoyant parcel
Mixed-layer LCL
1516 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
42 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
59 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
-11 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

The text of this product is not in the archive. The NWS text archive before 2002 is incomplete.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Mar 27, 2:17 PM EST, 3 hours 44 minutes before
MIZ011-012-018-020-022-023-025-040-041-272000-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT...CORRECTED
FOR SOUTH CENTRAL LOWER MICHIGAN
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LANSING MI
216 PM EST WED MAR 27 1991

...SCATTERED SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS IN SOUTH CENTRAL LOWER MICHIGAN..

AT 200 PM EST SCATTERED SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS WERE DECREASING AS
THEY MOVED ACROSS SOUTH CENTRAL LOWER MICHIGAN. A LONE THUNDERSTORM WAS
IN SOUTHERN EATON COUNTY AT 200 PM MOVING TO THE NORTHEAST AT AROUND 40
MPH. THIS THUNDERSTORM WILL MOVE INTO INGHAM COUNTY BY 230 PM.

STAY TUNED TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO FOR THE LATEST STATEMENTS AND UPDATES.

SHEETS
Special weather statement, Mar 27, 4:47 PM EST, 1 hour 14 minutes before
SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT AND SHORT RANGE WEATHER FORECAST...COR HEADING...
FOR SOUTHWEST LOWER MICHIGAN
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GRAND RAPIDS MI
445 PM EST WED MAR 27 1991

...TORNADO WATCH IN EFFECT UNTIL MIDNIGHT...

AT 430 PM SKIES WERE MOSTLY CLOUDY OVER SOUTHWEST LOWER MICHIGAN.
PARTLY SUNNY CONDITIONS HAD DEVELOPED AND TEMPERATURES WERE CLIMBING
INTO THE LOW 70S. THIS IS SETTING THE STAGE FOR INTENSE THUNDERSTORMS
MOVING IN FROM THE WEST. AN INTENSE LINE OF THUNDERSTORMS EXTENDED
FROM THE LEELAND PENINSULA...IN NORTHWEST LOWER MICHIGAN...SOUTHWEST...
TO THE EXTREME WEST CHICAGO SUBURBS. TORNADOES AND SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS
HAVE OCCURRED IN THIS LINE OF THUNDERSTORMS IN ILLINOIS AND WISCONSIN.
THESE THUNDERSTORMS ARE MOVING NORTHEAST AROUND 60 MPH.

THE THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE MOVING ONTO THE WEST MICHIGAN SHORELINE
FROM MUSKEGON TO BENTON HARBOR BY 600 TO 700 PM THIS EVENING. DURING
THIS TIME FRAME PERSONS SHOULD SECURE BUILDINGS AND FAMILIES TO
INSURE THEIR SAFETY AS THE INTENSE THUNDERSTORMS PASS OVERHEAD.
COOLEY
Special weather statement, Mar 27, 5:00 PM EST, 1 hour 1 minute before
MIZ011-012-018-020-022-023-025-040-041-272300-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
FOR SOUTH CENTRAL LOWER MICHIGAN
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LANSING MI
500 PM EST WED MAR 27 1991

...TORNADO WATCH FOR SOUTH CENTRAL LOWER MICHIGAN UNTIL MIDNIGHT...

A TORNADO WATCH HAS BEEN ISSUED FOR MUCH OF MICHIGANS LOWER PENINUSULA
INCLUDING ALL OF SOUTH CENTRAL LOWER MICHIGAN. THE NEAREST THUNDERSTORMS
WERE LOCATED OVER LAKE MICHIGAN AND NORTHEAST ILLINOIS. THESE STORMS
WERE MOVING TO THE NORTHEAST AT 50 TO 60 MPH. AT THIS SPEED...THESE
THUNDERSTORMS WILL ENTER SOUTHWEST LOWER MICHIGAN AROUND 600 PM EST.

ALSO...STRONG WINDS WERE REPORTED IN ST. JOSEPH COUNTY AT 445 PM EST.
THESE WINDS WERE PART OF A GENERAL WEATHER PATTERN...NOT ASSOCIATED
WITH THUNDERSTORMS. SPOTTERS ESTIMATED WIND GUSTS AT 40 TO 50 MPH
WITH MINOR DAMAGE TO TREES AND A UTILITY POLE. WINDS WILL INCREASE
ACROSS SOUTH CENTRAL LOWER MICHIGAN IN ADVANCE OF THE THUNDERSTORMS.
.
STAY TUNED TO NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE RADIO FOR FURTHER STATEMENTS...
UPDATES AND POSSIBLE WARNINGS.

SHEETS
Special weather statement, Mar 27, 5:20 PM EST, 41 minutes before
MIZ005-006-014-017-049>059-280010-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT AND SHORT-RANGE WEATHER FORECAST
FOR NORTHWEST AND WEST CENTRAL LOWER MICHIGAN
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE  MUSKEGON MI
510 PM EST WED MAR 27 1991

...SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING UNTIL 600 PM EST FOR BENZIE...GRAND
TRAVERSE AND MANISTEE COUNTIES...
...TORNADO WATCH FOR MOST OF LOWER MICHIGAN UNTIL MIDNIGHT...

AT 500 PM EST...RADAR DETECTED A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM JUST TO THE NORTH
OF KALEVA...OR 25 MILES SOUTHWEST OF TRAVERSE CITY. THIS THUNDERSTORM
WAS MOVING NORTHEAST AT 50 MPH AND WILL BE REACHING TRAVERSE CITY NEAR
600 PM. ELSEWHERE...NORTHWEST AND WEST CENTRAL LOWER MICHIGAN SKIES WERE
MOSTLY CLOUDY WITH THUNDERSTORMS OVER NORTHWEST LOWER MICHIGAN NORTH OF
A LINE FROM LUDINGTON TO REED CITY. TEMPERATURES WERE IN THE 50S AND 60S.
WINDS WERE FROM THE SOUTH AT 15 TO 25 MPH AND GUSTY.

BESIDES THE THUNDERSTORMS CURRENTLY OVER NORTHWEST LOWER MICHIGAN...THERE
WAS A LARGE AREA OF THUNDERSTORMS OVER LAKE MICHIGAN WHICH WILL BE MOVING
INTO WEST CENTRAL AND NORTHWEST LOWER MICHIGAN BY 600 PM EST.
THESE THUNDERSTORMS ARE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING DAMAGING WINDS...LARGE
HAIL POSSIBLE TORNADOES.

IF THREATENING WEATHER APPROACHES...YOU SHOULD SEEK A PLACE OF SAFETY.
Special weather statement, Mar 27, 5:52 PM EST, 9 minutes before
MIZ013-004-016-015-003-010-002-009-272330-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT...AND SHORT-RANGE WEATHER FORECAST
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GRAND RAPIDS MI
545 PM EST WED MAR 27 1991

...TORNADO WATCH IN EFFECT UNTIL MIDNIGHT...

AT 545 PM AN INTENSE LINE OF THUNDERSTORMS EXTENDED FROM NEAR LUDINGTON...
SOME 80 MILES NORTHWEST OF GRAND RAPIDS...SOUTHWEST ACROSS LAKE
MICHIGAN TO THE EAST CHICAGO SUBURBS. TORNADOES AND SEVERE THUNDERSOTRMS
HAVE OCCURRED IN THIS LINE OF THUNDERSTORMS EARLIER THIS AFTERNOON. HAIL
3/4 INCH IN DIAMETER WAS REPORTED IN THE MUSKEGON AREA AROUND 530 THIS
AFTERNOON.

THIS LINE OF THUNDERSTORMS WAS RACING EAST AT AROUND 50 MPH AND WILL BE
MOVING INLAND FROM GRAND HAVEN TO BENTO3N HARBOR BY 600 TO 630 PM AND
INLAND AS FAR AS GRAND RAPIDS AND SOUTH BEND INDIANA BY 700 TO 800 PM.
STAY TUNED TO WEATHER RADIO OR COMMERCIAL RADIO OR TELEVISION FOR
LATER STATEMENTS OR POSSIBLE WARNINGS.
COOLEY
Special weather statement, Mar 27, 5:55 PM EST, 6 minutes before
MIZ011-012-018-020-022-023-025-040-041-280000-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LANSING MI
554 PM EST WED MAR 27 1991

...TORNADO WATCH FOR SOUTH CENTRAL LOWER MICHIGAN UNTIL MIDNIGHT...

A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR ALL OF SOUTH CENTRAL LOWER
MICHIGAN UNTIL 1200 PM EST. AT 600 PM A LINE OF HEAVY THUNDERSTORMS
EXTENDED FROM NEAR CHICAGO...THROUGH MUSKEGON TO THE STRAITS OF
MACKINAC. THERE WAS ALSO A SHOWER IN ISABELLA COUNTY. THESE STORMS
WERE MOVING TO THE NORTHEAST AT 50 TO 60 MPH. THESE THUNDERSTORMS WILL
ENTER THE CITY OF MOUNT PLEASANT BY 600 PM.

THE LINE OF HEAVY THUNDERSTORMS WILL ENTER ISABELLA COUNTY BY 630 PM
AND THE JACKSON...BATTLE CREEK AND LANSING AREA BETWEEN 700 AND 800 PM.

THESE STORMS HAVE HAD A HISTORY OF PRODUCING STRONG WINDS...LARGE HAIL
AND TORNADOES. THIS IS A POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS WEATHER SITUATION... STAY
TUNED TO YOUR NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE RADIO FOR THE LATEST INFORMATION
A4ND POSSIBLE WARNINGS.

SHEETS/P.LEWIS

The office that day

Everything else NWS Grand Rapids, MI issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Mar 27, 4:43 AM ESTSevere Thunderstorm WarningGRRCalhoun, Jackson22 min
Mar 27, 7:50 AM ESTSevere Thunderstorm WarningGRRBarry25 min
Mar 27, 6:32 PM ESTSevere Thunderstorm WarningGRRIsabella58 min
Mar 27, 6:33 PM ESTSevere Thunderstorm WarningGRRAllegan, Kent, Montcalm, Ottawa57 min

Nearby

Tornado Warnings in Michigan, 1991Every tornado warning in 1991Tornadoes in 1991

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; verification from NCEI's Storm Data; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive.