Alert archive / Texas / Tornado Warnings in 1991

Tornado Warning 5, NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX

April 13, 1991Williamson County, Texas

NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX issued this tornado warning at Apr 13, 1991, 11:22 AM CDT for Williamson County, Texas. It was in force for 53 min.

The area

The counties it named.

The facts

Issued
Apr 13, 1991, 11:22 AM CDT (16:22 UTC)
Expired
Apr 13, 1991, 12:15 PM CDT
In force
53 min
Issued by
NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX
Area
Whole counties

County Williamson County, TX

The nearest sounding before it

Stephenville/Cla, TX (KSEP), launched 12:00Z, 4.4 hours before the alert went out and 181 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Stephenville/Cla, TX at 12:00Z on 1991-04-13Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 805 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Stephenville/Cla, TX at 12:00Z on 1991-04-13The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 175 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
805 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-308 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1877 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
40 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
175 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
229 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
-0.2

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

000 
TTAA00 KAUS 131620 RRA
TORAUS
TXC491-131715-
 
BULLETIN - EBS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
TORNADO WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE AUSTIN TX
1122 AM CDT SAT APR 13 1991
 
THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN AUSTIN HAS ISSUED A
TORNADO WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL 1215 PM CDT
FOR PEOPLE IN THE FOLLOWING LOCATIONS...
 
IN SOUTH CENTRAL TEXAS
 
   ...WILLIAMSON COUNTY
 
AT 1120 AM CDT...RADAR INDICATED A POSSIBLE TORNADO IN THE VICINITY OF
SEWARD HILL IN WILLIAMSON COUNTY. WIND DAMAGE HAS BEEN REPORTED
BETWEEN LEANDER AND LIBERTY HILL.  MOVEMENT OF THE TORNADO IS
NORTHEAST AT 35 MPH.
 
 
THIS IS A DANGEROUS STORM SITUATION.  ACT QUICKLY.  IF YOU ARE
IN THE PATH OF THIS TORNADO MOVE TO A SHELTER BELOW GROUND IF
AVAILABLE.  OTHERWISEj...GO TO A SMALL INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST
FLOOR POSSIBLE.  AVOID WINDOWS.  ABANDON CARS AND MOBILE HOMES
FOR A REINFORCED BUILDING OR GET INTO A DITCH OR CULVERT.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Apr 13, 8:25 AM CDT, 2 hours 57 minutes before
TXZ030-034-036-131500-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT...CORRECTION...
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE AUSTIN TX
820 AM CDT SAT APR 13 1991

...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WATCH FOR LLANO...MILLS AND SAN SABA
    COUNTIES TILL 10 AM...

...FLASH FLOOD WATCH FOR LAMPASAS COUNTY TODAY...

AT 810 AM CDT RADAR INDICATED A LINE OF THUNDERSTORMS SOME POSSIBLY
SEVERE FROM GOLDWAITHE TO SAN SABA...MASON AND JUNCTION.  THE POSSIBLE
SEVERE STORM WAS JUST EAST OF MASON.

MOVEMENT OF THE PRECIPITATION WAS TO THE EAST AT 40 MPH.

THIS POSSIBLE SEVERE STORM COULD MOVE INTO SOUTHERN SAN SABA AND LLANO
COUNTIES IN THE NEXT HALF HOUR.  PERSONS SHOULD BE PREPARED TO TAKE ACTION
AT A MOMENTS NOTICE.
CAMPERS NEAR CREEKS tAND STREAMS SHOULD ALSO BE AWARE OF RAPIDLY RISING
WATER.

STAY INFORMED OF THE LATEST WEATHER DEVELOPMENTS FOR FURTHER STATEMENTS
AND POSSIBLE WARINGS.
Special weather statement, Apr 13, 8:36 AM CDT, 2 hours 46 minutes before
TXZ034-035-038-039-054-131420-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SAN ANTONIO TX
830 AM CDT SAT APR 13 1991

...THUNDERSTORMS MOVING EAST ACROSS THE TEXAS HILL COUNTRY ...

AT 825 AM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE RADAR INDICATED A LINE OF
SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS THE TEXAS HILL COUNTRY FROM NEAR LAMPASAS
TO EAST OF JUNCTION TO BARKSDALE.  OTHER SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS
WERE DEVELOPING FURTHER EAST IN SOUTH CENTRAL TEXAS OVER BANDERA AND
BEXAR COUNTIES.  MOVEMENT OF THIS PRECIPITATION WAS TO THE SOUTHEAST AT
25 MPH.

PERIODS OF VERY HEAVY RAINS...GUSTY WINDS...AND DANGEROUS LIGHTNING CAN
BE EXPECTED WITH THE STRONGER STORMS.  SOME FLOODING OF LOW LYING AREAS
INCLUDING LOW-WATER CROSSINGS IS POSSIBLE THIS MORNING.

A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 10 AM FOR THE NORTH
PORTIONS OF THE HILL COUNTRY INCLUDING KIMBLE...LLANO...MASON...AND
MENARD COUNTIES.  THIS WATCH AREA MAY BE EXTENDED FURTHER EAST AND SOUTH
LATER TODAY.

RESIDENTS IN SOUTH CENTRAL TEXAS SHOULD REMAINED TUNED TO WEATHER
DEVELOPMENTS THE REMAINDER OF THIS MORNING.
Special weather statement, Apr 13, 9:10 AM CDT, 2 hours 12 minutes before
TXZ034>036-038-039-131500-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SAN ANTONIO TX
908 AM CDT SAT APR 13 1991

...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 3 PM CDT FOR PORTIONS
   OF THE TEXAS HILL COUNTRY AND SOUTH CENTRAL TEXAS...

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HAS EXTENDED THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH
FURTHER EAST OVER PORTIONS OF SOUTH CENTRAL TEXAS...GENERALLY NORTH OF A
JUNCTION TO AUSTIN LINE.  THIS INCLUDES THE COUNTIES OF KERR...GILLESPIE
...BLANCO...KIMBLE...BURNET...LLANO...MASON...HAYS...LEE...BASTROP...
TRAVIS AND WILLIAMSON IN SOUTH CENTRAL TEXAS.  THE WATCH DOES NOT INCLUDE
BEXAR COUNTY OR THE SAN ANTONIO AREA AT THE PRESENT TIME.

AT 900 AM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN HONDO INDICATED A LINE OF
SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS FROM NEAR LAMPASAS TO WEST KERR COUNTY NEAR
MOUNTAIN HOME TO NEAR LEAKEY IN REAL COUNTY.  THE STRONGEST STORM IN THE
IMMEDIATE SOUTH CENTRAL TEXAS AREA WAS NEAR THE TOWN OF LEAKEY.  OTHER
SHOWERS WERE OCCURRING IN THE SAN ANTONIO METROPOLITAN AREA.  MOVEMENT
OF THE SHOWERS AND STORMS WAS TO THE SOUTHEAST AT 25 MPH.

PERIODS OF HEAVY RAINS...GUSTY WINDS...AND DANGEROUS LIGHTNING CAN
BE EXPECTED WITH THE STRONGER STORMS.  SOME FLOODING OF LOW LYING AREAS
INCLUDING LOW-WATER CROSSINGS IS POSSIBLE THIS MORNING.

RESIDENTS IN SOUTH CENTRAL TEXAS SHOULD REMAINED TUNED TO WEATHER
DEVELOPMENTS THE REMAINDER OF THIS MORNING.
Special weather statement, Apr 13, 10:05 AM CDT, 1 hour 17 minutes before
TXZ035>036-038-039-131600-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SAN ANTONIO TX
1005 AM CDT SAT APR 13 1991

...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH IN EFFECT UNTIL 3 PM CDT FOR PORTIONS
   OF THE TEXAS HILL COUNTRY AND SOUTH CENTRAL TEXAS...

A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 3 PM CDT FOR
PORTIONS OF THE TEXAS HILL COUNTRY AND SOUTH CENTRAL TEXAS INCLUDING
KERR COUNTY.

AT 1000 AM CDT...A LINE OF SCATTERED SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS EXTENDED
FROM NORTH OF FREDERICKSBURG TO WEST OF KERRVILLE TO NEAR GARNER STATE
PARK IN NORTH UVALDE COUNTY.  THE STRONGEST STORM WAS LOCATED NEAR HUNT
TEXAS IN CENTRAL KERR COUNTY.  OTHER SHOWERS AND A FEW THUNDERSTORMS
WERE SCATTERED FURTHER EAST IN AND AROUND BEXAR COUNTY AND THE SAN
ANTONIO METROPOLITAN AREA.  MOVEMENT OF THE SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS
WAS TO THE EAST AT 15 MPH.

PERIODS OF HEAVY RAINS...GUSTY WINDS...AND DANGEROUS LIGHTNING CAN
BE EXPECTED WITH THE STRONGER STORMS.  SOME FLOODING OF LOW LYING AREAS
INCLUDING LOW-WATER CROSSINGS IS POSSIBLE IN THE HILL COUNTRY THIS
MORNING.

PERSONS IN SOUTH CENTRAL TEXAS SHOULD KEEP AWARE OF WEATHER DEVELOPMENTS
AND LISTEN TO LOCAL RADIO...TV...OR NOAA WEATHER RADIO FOR LATER
UPDATES.
Special weather statement, Apr 13, 11:07 AM CDT, 15 minutes before
TXZ034>037-131730-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE AUSTIN TX
1105 AM CDT SAT APR 13 1991

...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WATCH IN EFFECT TIL 3 PM CDT...

...FLASH FLOOD WATCH FOR LAMPASAS COUNTY TODAY...

AT 1055 AM CDT...RADAR INDICATED A SOLID LINE OF THUNDERSTORMS...PRODUCING
HEAVY RAIN AND POSSIBLE SMALL HAIL...EXTENDED FROM NEAR LAKE TRAVIS TO JUST
EAST OF LIBERTY HILL TO NEAR KILLEEN.  OTHER SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS
EXTENDED FROM NEAR SAN ANTONIO NORTHEAST ACROSS CENTRAL TEXAS TO WACO.
MOVEMENT WAS NORTHEAST AT 35 MPH.

PERSONS IN WESTERN TRAVIS COUNTY AND ACROSS WILLIAMSON COUNTY SHOULD BE
AWARE OF RISING WATER AND PREPARE TO MOVE TO HIGHER GROUND...ESPECIALLY
IN LOOW LYING AREAS AND ALONG CREEKS AND RIVERS.  STAY TUNED TO COMMERCIAL
TV/RADIO OR NOAA WEATHER RADIO FOR FURTHER STATEMENTS OR POSSIBLE WARNINGS.
Special weather statement, Apr 13, 11:13 AM CDT, 9 minutes before
TXZ035>036-038-039-131700-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SAN ANTONIO TX
1110 AM CDT SAT APR 13 1991

A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 3 PM CDT FOR
PORTIONS OF THE TEXAS HILL COUNTRY AND SOUTH CENTRAL TEXAS INCLUDING
KERR COUNTY.

NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN HONDO INDICATED THAT THE STORMS IN AND
AROUND BEXAR COUNTY HAD DECREASED IN INTENSITY OVER THE PAST HOUR.  AT
1105 AM CDT...SCATTERED SHOWERS AND A FEW THUNDERSTORMS WERE OVER SOUTH
CENTRAL TEXAS...FROM NORTH OF AUSTIN TO SAN ANTONIO AND WEST TO NEAR
BOERNE.  THE STRONGEST THUNDERSTORM WAS NORTH OF AUSTIN.  MOVEMENT WAS
TO THE SOUTHEAST AT 20 MPH.

ALTHOUGH THE STORM ACTIVITY HAD DECREASED FOR THE MOMENT IN THE SAN
ANTONIO AREA AND SURROUNDING COUNTIES...CONDITIONS REMAIN FAVORABLE FOR
ADDITIONAL THUNDERSTORM DEVELOPMENT THIS AFTERNOON.  SOUTHERLY WINDS
CONTINUE TO BRING VERY MOIST AND UNSTABLE AIR OVER SOUTH TEXAS.  IN
ADDITION...A WEAK COLD FRONT REMAINS WEST OF SOUTH CENTRAL TEXAS WHICH
COULD SERVE AS A FOCUS FOR THUNDERSTORM DEVELOPMENT LATER TODAY.

PERSONS IN SOUTH CENTRAL TEXAS SHOULD KEEP AWARE OF WEATHER DEVELOPMENTS
AND LISTEN TO LOCAL RADIO...TV...OR NOAA WEATHER RADIO FOYR LATER
UPDATES.

The office that day

Everything else NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Apr 13, 8:35 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEWXLlano40 min
Apr 13, 12:48 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningEWXWilliamson3 hr
Apr 13, 3:11 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEWXTravis, Williamson64 min
Apr 13, 3:38 PM CDTTornado WarningEWXTravis, Williamson52 min
Apr 13, 4:30 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEWXWilliamson35 min
Apr 13, 4:55 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEWXBurleson50 min
Apr 13, 5:59 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEWXBurleson, Lee61 min
Apr 13, 6:27 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEWXBastrop48 min
Apr 13, 6:58 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEWXBurleson32 min

Nearby

Tornado Warnings in Texas, 1991Every tornado warning in 1991Tornadoes in 1991

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive.