Alert archive / Michigan / Tornado Warnings in 1991

Tornado Warning 4, NWS Detroit, MI

July 7, 1991Oakland County, Michigan

NWS Detroit, MI issued this tornado warning at Jul 7, 1991, 8:48 PM EDT for Oakland County, Michigan. It was in force for 27 min. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The counties it named, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Jul 7, 1991, 8:48 PM EDT (00:48 UTC)
Expired
Jul 7, 1991, 9:15 PM EDT
In force
27 min
Issued by
NWS Detroit, MI
Area
Whole counties

County Oakland County, MI

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Jul 7, 9:15 PM EDTThunderstorm Wind 52Oakland, MI

NCEI Storm Data entries that began inside the alert's area while it was in force. Before 2003 the local storm report archive is thin, so this is the record of what happened rather than what was phoned in. Storm Data before 1996 records only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail.

The nearest sounding before it

Detroit, MI (KFNT), launched 00:00Z, 0.8 hours before the alert went out and 8 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Detroit, MI at 00:00Z on 1991-07-08Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 1102 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Detroit, MI at 00:00Z on 1991-07-08The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 46 square meters per square second.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1102 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-12 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1632 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
30 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
46 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
153 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.1
Supercell composite
4.3

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

000 
TTAA00 KDTW 080048
TORDTW
MIC125-080115-

BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED/EBS ACTIVATION REQUESTED 
TORNADO WARNING 
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DETROIT MI
848 PM EDT SUN JUL 7 1991

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HAS ISSUED A TORNADO WARNING 
EFFECTIVE UNTIL 915 PM EDT FOR PEOPLE IN THE FOLLOWING COUNTY

   IN THE SOUTHEAST PART OF LOWER MICHIGAN
      OAKLAND

AT 840 PM...SEVERAL SKYWARN SPOTTERS AND LOCAL POLICE HAD
REPORTED SEVERAL FUNNEL CLOUDS THROUGHOUT OAKLAND COUNTY.

RESIDENTS IN OAKLAND COUNTY SHOULD TAKE IMMEDIATELY AS THESE
DANGEROUS STORMS MOVE EAST AT 50 MILES AN HOUR.

IF YOU ARE IN THE PATH OF A TORNADO...THE SAFEST PLACE TO BE IS IN
A BASEMENT.  GET UNDER A WORKBENCH OR PIECE OF STURDY FURNITURE.
IF NO BASEMENT IS AVAILABLE...FIND SHELTER IN AN INTERIOR ROOM
SUCH AS A CLOSET ON THE LOWEST FLOOR.  USE BLANKETS...PILLOWS...
OR CUSHIONS TO COVER YOUR BODY.  AVOID WINDOWS.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Jul 7, 5:29 PM EDT, 3 hours 19 minutes before
MIZALL-080000-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE ANN ARBOR MI
527 PM EDT SUN JUL 7 1991

...A TORNADO WATCH IS IN EFFECT FROM 530 PM TO 1100 PM EDT TONIGHT FOR
MOST OF THE SOUTH HALF OF THE LOWER MICHIGAN PENINSULA...

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HAS ISSUED A TORNADO WATCH...NUMBER 656...
FOR MOST OF THE SOUTH HALF OF THE LOWER MICHIGAN PENINSULA. THIS WATCH
INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING COUNTIES...OCEANA...NEWAYGO...MECOSTA...ISABELLA
...MIDLAND...BAY...HURON...MUSKEGON...MONTCALM...GRATIOT...SAGINAW...
TUSCOLA...SANILAC...OTTAWA...KENT...IONIA...CLINTON...SHIAWASEE...
GENESEE...LAPEER...ST CLAIR...ALLEGAN...BARRY...EATON...INGHAM...
LIVINGSTON...OAKLAND...MACOMB...VAN BUREN...KALAMAZOO...CALHOUN...
JACKSON...WASHTENAW...WAYNE...BERRIEN...CASS...ST JOSEPH...BRANCH...
HILLSDALE...LENAWEE...AND MONROE.  IT ALSO INCLUDES THE ADJACENT COASTAL
WATERS OF LAKE MICHIGAN...SOUTHERN LAKE HURON...LAKE ST CLAIR...AND
LAKE HURON.

MAJOR TOWNS AND CITIES INCLUDED IN THIS TORNADO WATCH ARE...MUSKEGON
...GRAND RAPIDS...KALAMAZOO...BATTLE CREEK...LANSING...SAGINAW...FLINT
...ANN ARBOR AND THE GREATER DETROIT METROPOLITAN AREA.

A NORTH CENTRAL PLAINS STORM SYSTEM...AND COLD FRONT IS MOVING EAST
INTO THE LOWER MICHIGAN PENINSULA LATE THIS SUNDAY AFTERNOON.  MANY
SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS AND A FEW TORNADOES HAVE ALREADY OCCURED WEST
OF LOWER MICHIGAN EARLIER TODAY WITH THIS STORM SYSTEM.

AS SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS APPROACH TONIGHT...REMEMBER THAT TORNADOES
ARE POSSIBLE AND TAKE SHELTER IMMEDIATELY. GO TO THE LOWEST FLOOR AND
INNER MOST ROOM OF YOUR HOME OR BUILDING.  STAY AWAY FROM WINDOWS AND
EXTERIOR WALLS OF YOUR HOME.  DAMAGING GUSTY HIGH WINDS...LARGE HAIL
AND DEADLY LIGHTNING OCCUR WITH SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS.  TORNADOES
HAVE EVEN HIGHER WINDS WHICH CAN QUICKLY DAMAGE OR DESTROY...HOMES
AND CARS.

STAY TUNED TO YOUR NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE...WEATHER RADIO TONIGHT
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONCERNING THIS DANGEROGUS STORM SITUATION.
Special weather statement, Jul 7, 5:50 PM EDT, 2 hours 58 minutes before
MIZ026-031>034-036>038-042-072245-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE FLINT MI
550 PM EDT SUN JUL 7 1991

...TORNADO WATCH FOR EAST CENTRAL MICHIGAN UNTIL 1100 PM EDT...

A TORNADO WATCH HAS BEEN ISSUED FOR ALL OF SOUTHERN LOWER MICHIGAN...
INCLUDING THE TRI CITIES REGION AND FLINT...UNTIL 11 PM. A TORNADO
WATCH MEANS CONDITIONS ARE FAVORABLE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF TORNADIC
SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS. IF A TORNADO IS ACTUALLY SIGHTED...A TORNADO
WARNING WILL BE ISSUED.

IF YOU ARE IN THE PATH OF A TORNADO...THE BEST COURSE OF ACTION IS TO
GO TO THE LOWEST FLOOR AND INNER MOST ROOM OF YOUR HOME OR BUILDING.
STAY AWAY FROM WINDOWS AND EXTERIOR WALLS OF YOUR HOME.

AT 545 PM...RADAR INDICATED VERY STRONG THUNDERSTORMS WERE RACING EAST
ACROSS SOUTHERN LAKE MICHIGAN AT 50 MPH. THESE STORMS WILL BE MOVING
ACROSS PARTS OF WESTERN LOWER MICHIGAN BETWEEN 6 AND 8 PM...AND MAY
REACH EAST CENTRAL MICHIGAN AFTER 8 PM.

STAY TUNED TO THIS STATION FOR THE LATEST STATEMENTS AND POSSIBLE
WARNINGS ON THIS POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS SITUATION.

YORK
Special weather statement, Jul 7, 6:33 PM EDT, 2 hours 15 minutes before
MIC091-093-099-115-125-147-161-163-070650-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT AND RADAR SUMMARY
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DETROIT MI
632 PM EDT SUN JUL 07 1991

...STRONG THUNDERSTORMS MOVING INTO SOUTHWEST LOWER MICHIGAN...

AT 625 PM...AN AREA OF SCATTERED THUNDERSTORMS...WITH VERY HEAVY
RAIN...HAD NEWLY DEVELOPED OVER PARTS OF WEST CENTRAL AND SOUTHWEST
LOWER MICHIGAN AND OVER SOUTHERN LAKE MICHIGAN. THE STRONGEST STORM
WAS LOCATED OVER GRAND RAPIDS MICHIGAN.

LARGE HAIL...DAMAGING WINDS AND DANGEROUS LIGHTNING ARE POSSIBLE AS
THESE STORMS PASS OVERHEAD. PEOPLE IN THE PATH OF THESE STORMS SHOULD
BE PREPARED TO MOVE TO A PLACE OF SAFETY IF THREATENING WEATHER OCCURS.

MOVEMENT WAS TO THE EAST AT w45 MILES AN HOUR.
Special weather statement, Jul 7, 6:51 PM EDT, 1 hour 57 minutes before
MIZ026-031>034-036>038-042-072350-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE FLINT MI
650 PM EDT SUN JUL 7 1991

...TORNADO WATCH FOR EAST CENTRAL MICHIGAN UNTIL 1100 PM EDT...

AT 648 PM...WEATHER RADAR INDICATED AN AREA OF STRONG THUNDERSTORMS
OVER WESTERN LOWER MICHIGAN...MAINLY FROM THE GRAND RAPIDS AREA WEST.
THESE STORMS WERE MOVING TOWARD THE EAST AT ABOUT 45 MPH...AND THEY
MAY REACH SHIAWASSEE AND SAGINAW COUNTIES AROUND 9 PM. THESE STORMS
HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO BECOME SEVERE...PRODUCING LARGE HAIL...DAMAGING
WINDS...AND EVEN A TORNADO. PERSONS IN SHIAWASSEE AND SAGINAW COUNTIES
SHOULD BE ALERT TO THE APPROACH OF THESE STORMS AND LISTEN FOR LATER
STATEMENTS AND POSSIBLE WARNINGS.

A TORNADO WATCH MEANS CONDITIONS ARE FAVORABLE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF
TORNADOES...WHILE A TORNADO WARNING MEANS A TORNADO HAS FORMED.
IF YOU ARE IN THE PATH OF A TORNADO...THE BEST COURSE OF ACTION IS TO
GO TO THE LOWEST FLOOR AND INNER MOST ROOM OF YOUR HOME OR BUILDING.
STAY AWAY FROM WINDOWS AND EXTERIOR WALLS OF YOUR HOME.

STAY TUNED TO THIS STATION FOR THE LATEST STATEMENTS AND POSSIBLE
WARNINGS ON THIS POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS SITUATION.

YORK
Special weather statement, Jul 7, 7:26 PM EDT, 1 hour 22 minutes before
MIZ026-031>034-036>038-042-080015-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE FLINT MI
725 PM EDT SUN JUL 7 1991

...TORNADO WATCH FOR EAST CENTRAL MICHIGAN UNTIL 1100 PM EDT...

AT 723 PM...WEATHER RADAR INDICATED AN AREA OF VERY STRONG TO SEVERE
THUNDERSTORMS BETWEEN GRAND RAPIDS AND LANSING...MOVING EAST AT ABOUT
45 MPH. VERY STRONG DAMAGING WINDS AND LARGE HAIL HAVE BEEN REPORTED
WITH THESE STORMS IN THE GRAND RAPIDS AREA. THE STORMS WILL BE MOVING
INTO WESTERN PARTS OF SHIAWASSEE...SAGINAW...AND MIDLAND COUNTIES AROUND
8 PM. THEY SHOULD REACH GENESEE AND BAY COUNTIES AROUND 9 PM...AND
PROCEED ACROSS THE THUMB AREA AFTER 9 PM.

A TORNADO WATCH MEANS CONDITIONS ARE FAVORABLE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF
TORNADOES...WHILE A TORNADO WARNING MEANS A TORNADO HAS FORMED.
IF YOU ARE IN THE PATH OF A TORNADO...THE BEST COURSE OF ACTION IS TO
GO TO THE LOWEST FLOOR AND INNER MOST ROOM OF YOUR HOME OR BUILDING.
STAY AWAY FROM WINDOWS AND EXTERIOR WALLS OF YOUR HOME.

REMEMBER THAT SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS CAN PRODUCE VERY STRONG
DAMAGING WINDS CAPABLE OF DAMAGING BUILDINGS.

STAY TUNED TO THIS STATION FOR THE LATEST STATEMENTS AND POSSIBLE
WARNINGS ON THIS POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS SITUATION.

YORK
Special weather statement, Jul 7, 7:32 PM EDT, 1 hour 16 minutes before
MIC091-093-099-115-125-147-161-163-070650-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT AND RADAR SUMMARY
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DETROIT MI
732 PM EDT SUN JUL 07 1991

AT 725 PM...AN AREA OF SCATTERED THUNDERSTORMS...WITH VERY HEAVY
RAIN...WERE NOTED OVER PARTS OF SOUTHWEST AND SOUTH CENTRAL LOWER
MICHIGAN AND SOUTHERN LAKE MICHIGAN.

THE STRONGEST STORMS WERE LOCATED 20 MILES SOUTHWEST OF LANSING WITH
OTHERS 30 MILES NORTH OF BATLE CREEK AND 10 MILES SOUTHWEST OF
KALAMAZOO.

LARGE HAIL...DAMAGING WINDS AND DANGEROUS LIGHTNING ARE POSSIBLE AS
THESE STORMS PASS OVERHEAD. PEOPLE IN THE PATH OF THESE STORMS SHOULD
BE PREPARED TO MOVE TO A PLACE OF SAFETY IF THREATENING WEATHER OCCURS.

MOVEMENT WAS TO THE EAST AT 45 MILES AN HOUR.

The office that day

Everything else NWS Detroit, MI issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jul 7, 8:00 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDTXGenesee, Saginaw30 min
Jul 7, 8:08 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDTXBay, Midland, Saginaw37 min
Jul 7, 8:20 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDTXLapeer, Tuscola40 min
Jul 7, 8:37 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDTXOakland68 min
Jul 7, 8:43 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDTXWashtenaw62 min
Jul 7, 8:54 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDTXLenawee, Monroe, Wayne66 min
Jul 7, 8:54 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDTXMacomb, Saint Clair66 min
Jul 7, 8:58 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDTXSanilac, Tuscola47 min
Jul 7, 9:39 PM EDTTornado WarningDTXMonroe36 min

Nearby

Tornado Warnings in Michigan, 1991Every tornado warning in 1991Tornadoes in 1991

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; verification from NCEI's Storm Data; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive.