Alert archive / Michigan / Tornado Warnings in 1991

Tornado Warning 2, NWS Detroit, MI

March 27, 1991Saint Clair County, Michigan

NWS Detroit, MI issued this tornado warning at Mar 27, 1991, 9:57 PM EST for Saint Clair County, Michigan. It was in force for 33 min. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The counties it named, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Mar 27, 1991, 9:57 PM EST (02:57 UTC)
Expired
Mar 27, 1991, 10:30 PM EST
In force
33 min
Issued by
NWS Detroit, MI
Area
Whole counties

County Saint Clair County, MI

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Mar 27, 10:00 PM ESTThunderstorm Wind 0St. Clair, MI

NCEI Storm Data entries that began inside the alert's area while it was in force. Before 2003 the local storm report archive is thin, so this is the record of what happened rather than what was phoned in. Storm Data before 1996 records only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail.

The nearest sounding before it

Detroit, MI (KFNT), launched 00:00Z, 3.0 hours before the alert went out and 67 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Detroit, MI at 00:00Z on 1991-03-28Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 1201 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Detroit, MI at 00:00Z on 1991-03-28The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 378 square meters per square second.1939587897117136Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1201 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-8 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
971 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
91 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
378 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
434 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
3.4
Supercell composite
12.5

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

000 
TTAA00 KDTW 280257
TORDTW
MIC147-280330-

BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED/EBS ACTIVATION REQUESTED 
TORNADO WARNING 
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DETROIT MI
957 PM EST WED MAR 27 1991

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HAS ISSUED A TORNADO WARNING 
EFFECTIVE UNTIL 1030 PM EST FOR PEOPLE IN THE FOLLOWING COUNTY

   IN THE SOUTHEAST PART OF LOWER MICHIGAN
      EASTERN ST. CLAIR

AT 953 PM EST...STATE POLICE REPORTED AT TORNADO NEAR EMMET...47
MILES NORTH NORTHEAST OF DOWNTOWN DETROIT.  PEOPLE IN THE TOWNS OF
OF RUBY AND LAKEPORT SHOULD TAKE COVER NOW.

MOVEMENT WAS NORTHEAST AT 60 MILES AN HOUR.

IF YOU ARE IN THE PATH OF A TORNADO...THE SAFEST PLACE TO BE IS IN
A BASEMENT.  GET UNDER A WORKBENCH OR PIECE OlF STURDY FURNITURE.
IF NO BASEMENT IS AVAILABLE...FIND SHELTER IN AN INTERIOR ROOM
SUCH AS A CLOSET ON THE LOWEST FLOOR.  USE BLANKETS...PILLOWS...
OR CUSHIONS TO COVER YOUR BODY.  AVOID WINDOWS.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Mar 27, 4:25 PM EST, 5 hours 32 minutes before
MIZ026-031>036>039-042-272330-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT AND SHORT-RANGE WEATHER FORECAST
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE FLINT MI
430 PM EST WED MAR 27 1991

...A TORNADO WATCH IN EFFECT FOR ALL OF EAST CENTRAL MICHIGAN
UNTIL MIDNIGHT...

A TORNADO WATCH IS IN EFFECT FOR ALL OF EAST CENTRAL MICHIGAN
FROM 430 PM EST UNTIL 12 AM EST. AT 4 PM NO SEVERE WEATHER WAS
REPORTED ACROSS EAST CENTRAL MICHIGAN...SKIES WERE CLOUDY WITH
BREAK IN THE OVERCAST. TEMPERATURES WERE NEARLY STEADY IN THE
UPPER 60S TO LOW 70S. WINDS WERE SOUTH TO SOUTHWEST AT 15 MPH
WITH GUSTS TO 25 MPH.

IF YOU ARE IN THE PATH OF A TORNADO...THE SAFEST PLACE IA BASEMENT.
GET UNDER A WORKBENCH OR PIECE OF STURDY FURNITURE. IF NO BASEMENT
IS AVAIALBE...SEEK SHELTER IN A INTERIOR ROOM SUCH AS A CLOSET ON
THE LOWEST FLOOR. USE BLANKETS...PILLOWS...OR CUSHIONS TO COVER YOUR
BODY. AVIOD WINDOWS.
WSF
Special weather statement, Mar 27, 4:31 PM EST, 5 hours 26 minutes before
MIZ026-031>036>039-042-272330-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT AND SHORT-RANGE WEATHER FORECAST
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE FLINT MI...CORRECTED FOR SPELLING
430 PM EST WED MAR 27 1991

...A TORNADO WATCH IN EFFECT FOR ALL OF EAST CENTRAL MICHIGAN
UNTIL MIDNIGHT...

A TORNADO WATCH IS IN EFFECT FOR ALL OF EAST CENTRAL MICHIGAN
FROM 430 PM EST UNTIL 12 AM EST. AT 4 PM NO SEVERE WEATHER WAS
REPORTED ACROSS EAST CENTRAL MICHIGAN...SKIES WERE CLOUDY WITH
BREAK IN THE OVERCAST. TEMPERATURES WERE NEARLY STEADY IN THE
UPPER 60S TO LOW 70S. WINDS WERE SOUTH TO SOUTHWEST AT 15 MPH
WITH GUSTS TO 25 MPH.

IF YOU ARE IN THE PATH OF A TORNADO...THE SAFEST PLACE IS A BASEMENT.
GET UNDER A WORKBENCH OR PIECE OF STURDY FURNITURE. IF NO BASEMENT
IS AVAIALBE...SEEK SHELTER IN A INTERIOR ROOM SUCH AS A CLOSET ON
THE LOWEST FLOOR. USE BLANKETS...PILLOWS...OR CUSHIONS TO COVER YOUR
BODY. AVIOD WINDOWS.
WSF
Special weather statement, Mar 27, 4:31 PM EST, 5 hours 26 minutes before
MIZ001>068-272300-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE ANN ARBOR MI
430 PM EST WED MAR 27 1991

...TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 75 IS IN EFFECT FOR MUCH OF LOWER MICHIGAN
UNTIL MIDNIGHT EST...

TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 75 HAS BEEN ISSUED FOR MUCH OF LOWER MICHIGAN
AND IS IN EFFECT UNTIL MIDNIGHT EST. THIS WATCH INCLUDES ALL OF
LOWER MICHIGAN WITH THE EXCEPTION OF THE EXTREME NORTHERN TIP OF
THE PENINSULA. IN THE TORNADO WATCH AREA ARE KALAMAZOO...MUSKEGON
...GRAND RAPIDS...BATTLE CREEK...LANSING...FLINT...DETROIT...
SAGINAW...TRAVERSE CITY...HOUGHTON LAKE... AND ALPENA.

A TORNADO WATCH MEANS CONDITIONS ARE FAVORABLE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT
OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS AND EVEN TORNADOES IN MUCH OF LOWER MICHIGAN
FOR THE REST OF THIS AFTERNOON AND THIS EVENING. THIS SITUATION IS
PARTICULARLY DANGEROUS WITH THE POSSIBILITY OF DAMAGING TORNDOES...
LARGE HAIL OVER 1 INCH IN DIAMETER... AND DANGEROUS THUNDERSTORM
WINDS OF OVER 60 MPH.

TORNADOES AND SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS HAVE OCCURRED THIS AFTERNOON IN
ILLINOIS AND WISCONSIN AHEAD OF A STRONG LOW PRESSURE CENTER AND COLD
FRONT FROM CENTRAL WISCONSIN TO EASTERN IOWA. SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN
ADVANCE OF THIS SYSTEM ARE RAPIDLY MOVING NORTHEASTWARD AT 60 MILES AN
HOUR TOWARD MICHIGAN.

THESE INTENSE STORMS WILL START AFFECTING THE WESTERN PARTS OF LOWER
MICHIGAN AROUND 5 PM... AND SPREAD EASTWARD INTO THE REMAINDER OF THE
TORNADO WATCH AREA OF LOWER MICHIGAN BETWEEN 7 AND 9 PM THIS EVENING.

AGAIN... THIS IS AN EXTREMELY DANGEROUS SITUATION FOR MOST OF LOWER
MICHIGAN FOR THE REST OF THIS AFTERNOON AND THIS EVENING. ALL MICHIGAN
RESIDENTS WITHIN THE TORNADO WATCH AREA SHOULD BEGIN NECESSARY
PREPARATIONS AND LISTEN TO NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE RADIO OR YOUR
LOCAL RADIO AND TELEVISION STATIONS FOR THE LATEST UPDATES...
STATEMENTS AND POSSIBLE WARNINGS.

WAGENMAKER
Special weather statement, Mar 27, 6:36 PM EST, 3 hours 21 minutes before
MIZ026-031>036>039-042-280130-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT AND SHORT-RANGE WEATHER FORECAST
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE FLINT MI
630 PM EST WED MAR 27 1991

...A TORNADO WATCH IS IN EFFECT EAST CENTRAL MICHIGAN
UNTIL MIDNIGHT...

AT 6 PM EST STRONG THUNDERSTORMS HAD DEVELOPED IN ISABELLA COUNTY
AND WERE MOVING TOWARD NORTHWEST MIDLAND COUNTY.  BY 7 PM THESE
THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE NEAR NORTH BRADLEY IN NORTHWEST MIDLAND
COUNTY.  NORTH BRADLEY IS 60 MILES NORTHWEST OF SAGINAW.

A TORNADO WATCH CONTINUES IN EFFECT UNTIL MIDNIGHT FOR ALL OF EAST
CENTRAL MICHIGAN.  AT 6 PM...THE SKIES WERE MOSTLY CLOUDY WITH A
BREAKS.  TEMPERATURES WERE IN THE UPPER 60S AND WINDS WERE SOUTH
TO SOUTHWEST AT 20 MPH WITH GUSTS TO 35 MPH.

WHEN THUNDERSTORMS ARE OCCURRING...PEOPLE SHOULD MOVE INSIDE A
STRONG BUILDING.  DO NOT STAND NEAR WINDOWS.

STAY TUNED TO NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE WEATHER RADIO...AND LOCAL
RADIO AND TELEVISION STATIONS FOR LATER STATEMENTS AND WARNINGS.

STJ

The office that day

Everything else NWS Detroit, MI issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Mar 27, 7:03 PM ESTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDTXOgemaw27 min
Mar 27, 7:07 PM ESTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDTXMidland68 min
Mar 27, 7:20 PM ESTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDTXArenac, Bay55 min
Mar 27, 8:06 PM ESTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDTXTuscola69 min
Mar 27, 8:06 PM ESTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDTXGenesee, Saginaw, Shiawassee69 min
Mar 27, 8:18 PM ESTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDTXLivingston42 min
Mar 27, 8:46 PM ESTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDTXOakland, Washtenaw44 min
Mar 27, 8:46 PM ESTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDTXLenawee44 min
Mar 27, 9:39 PM ESTTornado WarningDTXMonroe36 min

Nearby

Tornado Warnings in Michigan, 1991Every tornado warning in 1991Tornadoes in 1991

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; verification from NCEI's Storm Data; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive.