Alert archive / Virginia / Tornado Warnings in 1991

Tornado Warning 2, NWS Wakefield, VA

March 29, 1991City of Hampton, Virginia

NWS Wakefield, VA issued this tornado warning at Mar 29, 1991, 4:35 PM EST for City of Hampton, Virginia. It was in force for 40 min.

The area

The counties it named.

The facts

Issued
Mar 29, 1991, 4:35 PM EST (21:35 UTC)
Expired
Mar 29, 1991, 5:15 PM EST
In force
40 min
Issued by
NWS Wakefield, VA
Area
Whole counties

County City of Hampton, VA

The nearest sounding before it

Wallops Is Stn, VA (KWAL), launched 12:00Z, 9.6 hours before the alert went out and 127 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Wallops Is Stn, VA at 12:00Z on 1991-03-29Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 8 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Wallops Is Stn, VA at 12:00Z on 1991-03-29The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 0 square meters per square second.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
8 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-8 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
676 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
0 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
0 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
0 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

000 
TTAA00 KORF 292133
TORORF
VAC650-700-292215-
 
BULLETIN - EBS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
TORNADO WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORFOLK VA
435 PM EST FRI MAR 29 1991
 
THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN NORFOLK VA HAS ISSUED A
TORNADO WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL  515 PM EST
FOR PEOPLE IN THE FOLLOWING LOCATIONS......
 
IN SOUTHEAST VIRGINIA THE INDEPENDENT CITIES OF
 
   ...HAMPTON...EASTERN NEWPORT NEWS
 
AT 435 PM WEATHER RADAR INDICATED A POSSIBLE TORNADO IN NORTHERN
SUFFOLK. THE STORM IS MOVING NORTHEAST AT 55 MPH AND WILL CROSS OVER
THE JAMES RIVER INTO EASTERN NEWPORT NEWS AND HAMPTON.
 
THIS IS A VERY DANGEROUS STORM!
 
 
IF YOU ARE IN THE PATH OF A TORNADO...THE SAFEST PLACE IS A
BASEMENT.  GET UNDER A WORKBENCH OR PIECE OF STURDY FURNITURE.
IF NO BASEMENT IS AVAILABLE...SEEK SHELTER IN AN INTERIOR ROOM
SUCH AS A CLOSET ON THE LOWEST FLOOR.  USE BLANKETS...PILLOWS...
OR CUSHIONS TO COVER YOUR BODY.  AVOID WINDOWS.
 
IF YOU ARE CAUGHT OUTSIDE...SEEK SHELTER IN A NEARBY REINFORCED
BUILDING.  AS A LAST RESORT...SEEK SHELTER IN A CULVERT...DITCH
OR LOW SPOT AND COVER YOUR HEAD WITH YOUR HANDS.
 
 
WALSTON

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Mar 29, 11:17 AM EST, 5 hours 18 minutes before
VAZ001>004-291800-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORFOLK VA
11:15 AM EST FRI MAR 29 1991

...RISK OF SEVERE WEATHER OUTBREAK OVER SOUTHEAST VIRGINIA THIS
   AFTERNOON AND EVENING...

THE NATIONAL SEVERE STORMS FORECAST CENTER WARNS THAT THERE IS A
HIGH RISK OF SEVERE WEATHER OVER SOUTHEAST VIRGINIA THIS AFTERNOON
AND EVENING.

A LOW PRESSURE AREA OVER ALABAMA WILL INTENSIFY AND MOVE NORTHEAST
TODAY TO A POSITION OVER NORTH CAROLINA TONIGHT. A STRONG COLD FRONT
MOVING EASTWARD ACROSS THE SOUTHEAST STATES THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT
WILL PROVIDE AN ADDITIONAL FOCUS FOR SEVERE THUNDERSTORM DEVELOPMENT.

A VERY STRONG UPPER LEVEL JET STREAM WILL INTERACT WITH A STRONG
SOUTHERLY FLOW OF WARM AND MOIST AIR FROM THE GULF OF MEXICO. THIS
TREMENDOUS COMBINATION OF ENERGY WILL COMBINE WITH VERY UNSTABLE AIR
OVER THE REGION TO CREATE THE STRONG POSSIBILITY OF A MAJOR
SEVERE WEATHER OUTBREAK OVER THE CAROLINAS AND SOUTHEAST VIRGINIA
THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT.

IT NEEDS TO BE EMPHASIZED THAT THIS IS A POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS
WEATHER SITUATION. ALL WEATHER SPOTTERS...LAW ENFORCEMENT AND
OTHER EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAMS...AND AMATEUR RADIO SHOULD BE
PREPARED TO ACTIVATE TODAY. ANY REPORTS OF OBSERVED SEVERE WEATHER
SHOULD BE REPORTED IMMEDIATELY TO THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE.

PEOPLE SHOULD REVIEW SAFETY RULES FOR TORNADOES AND SEVERE
THUNDERSTORMS NOW. STAY TUNED TO TV...RADIO AND NOAA WEATHER RADIO
FOR FURTH0ER UPDATES...WATCHES AND WARNINGS.

WALSTON
Special weather statement, Mar 29, 3:41 PM EST, 54 minutes before
VAZ001>004-292200-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORFOLK VA
340    PM EST FRI  MAR  29 1991

...TORNADO WATCH IN EFFECT FOR MOST OF SOUTHEAST
VIRGINIA UNTIL 11PM...

RADAR AT 330 PM SHOWS AN AREA OF SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS FROM
JUST EAST OF RICHMOND SOUTHWEST THROUGH SUSSEX...GREENSVILLE AND
SOUTHAMPTON COUNTIES.

THUNDERSTORMS WERE LOCATED OVER EASTERN GREENSVILLE AND WESTERN
SOUTHAMPTON COUNTY AND STRONG GUSTY WINDS MAY BE EXPERIENCED NEAR
THESE THUNDERSTORMS. THE PRECIPITATION IS MOVING NORTHEAST AT
40 TO 45 MPH AND WILL REACH THE LOWER CHESAPEAKE BAY AND HAMPTON
ROADS CITIES BETWEEN 4:30 PM AND 5:30 PM.

NO SEVERE WEATHER HAS BEEN REPORTED IN SOUTHEAST VIRGINIA AT
THIS TIME.

STAY TUNED TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO AND YOUR LOCAL RADIO AND
TELEVISION STATIONS FOR ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS OR WARNINGS.
RITTER
Special weather statement, Mar 29, 3:47 PM EST, 48 minutes before
VAZ003-004-006-007-010-012-013-014-017-018-300100-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE RICHMOND VA
 345 PM EST FRI MAR 29 1991

 ...FLOOD WATCH CONTINUES UNTIL 7 AM EST SATURDAY MORNING FOR MUCH OF
    WESTERN AND WEST-CENTRAL VIRGINIA...

 ...SLIPPERY ROADS EXPECTED FOR RUSH HOUR...

LOW PRESSURE CURRENTLY APPROACHING WESTERN GEORGIA WILL MOVE NORTHEASTWARD
AND PASS OVER VIRGINIA LATER TONIGHT. THIS STORM SYSTEM WILL CONTINUE TO
SPREAD HEAVY RAIN OVER MUCH OF THE STATE. WITH ANOTHER 1 OR 2 INCHES OF
RAIN POSSIBLE...THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IS CONTINUING A FLOOD WATCH
FOR MUCH OF WESTERN AND WEST-CENTRAL VIRGINIA. THE WATCH INCLUDES THE
FOLLOWING COUNTIES IN THE RICHMOND NWS OFFICE AREA OF RESPONSIBILITY...
ALLEGHANY...BATH...HIGHLAND...ROCHBRIDGE...NELSON...ALBEMARLE...BUCKINGHAM
...FLUVANNA...AND LOUISA COUNTIES. IN THESE COUNTIES...ADDITIONAL HEAVY
RAIN THIS AFTERNOON AND EVENING MAY PRODUCE FLOODING.
>
ACROSS THE REMAINDER OF CENTRAL VIRGINIA...RAIN WILL CONTINUE
THROUGH MOST OF TONIGHT. SOME OF THE RAIN WILL LIKELY BE HEAVY.
A FEW EMBEDDED THUNDERSTORMS MAY OCCUR...ESPECIALLY TO THE
SOUTH OF RICHMOND. MOST AREAS HAVE RECEIVED 1 TO 2 INCHES OF RAIN
SINCE EARLY THIS MORNING.

AT 330 PM EST WEATHER RADAR SHOWED A LARGE AREA OF RAIN...SOME HEAVY...
ACROSS ALL OF CENTRAL AND WESTERN VIRGINIA. ROADS WILL BE QUITE SLIPPERY
FOR RUSH HOUR DUE TO THE RAIN. MOTORISTS ARE ADVISED TO SLOW DOWN AND
ALLOW EXTRA SPACE BETWEEN VEHICLES. DRIVING TO FAST ON WET ROADS MAY
LEAD TO HYDROPLANING...WHEN CAR WHEELS LOSE CONTACT WITH THE ROAD...AND
YOU LOSE CONTROL OF THE CAR. ALLOW YOURSELF EXTRA TIME TO REACH YOUR
DESTINATION.

THE RAIN WILL COME TO AN END BY TOMORROW MORNING AS THE STORM SYSTEM
MOVES OFF TO OUR NORTHEAST.

WOLF

The office that day

Everything else NWS Wakefield, VA issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Mar 29, 4:17 PM ESTTornado WarningAKQCity of Suffolk58 min
Mar 29, 4:57 PM ESTSevere Thunderstorm WarningAKQCity of Virginia Beach33 min

Nearby

Tornado Warnings in Virginia, 1991Every tornado warning in 1991Tornadoes in 1991

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive.