Alert archive / Alabama / Tornado Warnings in 1988

Tornado Warning 23, NWS Birmingham, AL

November 20, 1988Greene County, Alabama

NWS Birmingham, AL issued this tornado warning at Nov 20, 1988, 12:05 AM CST for Greene County, Alabama. It was in force for 40 min.

The area

The counties it named.

The facts

Issued
Nov 20, 1988, 12:05 AM CST (06:05 UTC)
Expired
Nov 20, 1988, 12:45 AM CST
In force
40 min
Issued by
NWS Birmingham, AL
Area
Whole counties

County Greene County, AL

The radar

The WSR-88D network and its archive begin in 1991, so there is no radar volume for this alert.

The nearest sounding before it

Centreville/Bibb, AL (KCKL), launched 00:00Z, 6.1 hours before the alert went out and 70 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Centreville/Bibb, AL at 00:00Z on 1988-11-20Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 132 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Centreville/Bibb, AL at 00:00Z on 1988-11-20The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 339 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
132 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-16 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
824 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
53 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
339 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
426 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
1.6

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

000 
TTAA00 KBHM 200605
TORBHM
ALC063-200645-
 
BULLETIN - EBS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
TORNADO WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BIRMINGHAM AL
1205 AM CST SUN NOV 20 1988
 
THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN BIRMINGHAM HAS ISSUED A
TORNADO WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL 1245 AM CST
FOR PEOPLE IN THE FOLLOWING COUNTY...
 
IN SOUTH ALABAMA
          ...GREENE
 
AT 1201 AM RADAR INDICATED A POSSIBLE TORNADO SOUTHWEST OF BOLIGEE
IN GREENE COUNTY MOVING RAPIDLY TO THE NORTHEAST.
 
IF YOU ARE IN THE PATH OF A TORNADO...THE SAFEST PLACE IS A
BASEMENT.  GET UNDER A WORKBENCH OR PIECE OF STURDY FURNITURE.
IF NO BASEMENT IS AVAILABLE...SEEK SHELTER IN AN INTERIOR ROOM
SUCH AS A CLOSET ON THE LOWEST FLOOR.  USE BLANKETS...PILLOWS...
OR CUSHIONS TO COVER YOUR BODY.  AVOID WINDOWS.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Nov 19, 8:04 PM CST, 4 hours 1 minute before
SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BIRMINGHAM AL
800 PM CST SAT NOV 19 1988

A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR PORTIONS OF WEST CENTRAL AND
NORTHWEST ALABAMA UNTIL 12 MIDNIGHT. SOME WEST CENTRAL ALABAMA CITIES
INCLUDED IN THE WATCH ARE...FAYETTE...JASPER...TUSCALOOSA...AND
HAMILTON.

AT 8 PM CST RADAR SHOWED THAT SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS HAVE INTENSIFIED
SLIGHTLY DURING THE PAST HOUR. THUNDERSTORMS WERE LOCATED ABOUT 10 MILES
WEST OF TUSCALOOSA...AND IN THE DOUBLE SPRINGS AREA IN WINSTON COUNTY.
OTHERWISE LIGHT RAIN SHOWERS WERE SCATTERED ACROSS WESTERN THIRD OF
ALABAMA.

AT THIS TIME SEVERE WEATHER WAS BEING REPORTED ACROSS SECTIONS OF
NORTH AND CENTRAL MISSISSIPPI. THESE STORMS WERE MOVING RAPIDLY TO THE
NORTHEAST. THEREFORE PERSONS...PARTICULARLY YOU IN THE WESTERN COUNTIES
...SHOULD CONTINUE TO MONITOR YOUR LOCAL TV....RADIO...OR NOAA WEATHER
RADIO FOR THE LATEST INFORMATION. NOW IS A GOOD TIME TOA THINK OF A PLACE
OF SHELTER BEFORE A WARNING IS ISSUED.
Special weather statement, Nov 19, 8:52 PM CST, 3 hours 13 minutes before
SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BIRMINGHAM AL
850 PM CST SAT NOV 19 1988

A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR PORTIONS OF WEST CENTRAL AND
NORTHWEST ALABAMA UNTIL 12 MIDNIGHT. SOME WEST CENTRAL ALABAMA CITIES
INCLUDED IN THE WATCH ARE...FAYETTE...JASPER...TUSCALOOSA...AND
HAMILTON.

AT 850 PM CST RADAR INDICATED THAT THUNDERSTORMS HAVE INCREASED IN
INTENSITY DURING THE PAST HOUR. THUNDERSTORMS WERE LOCATED NEAR JASPER
IN WALKER COUNTY...AND OVER HALE AND MARENGO COUNTIES. ELSEWHERE THERE
WAS A BAND OF LIGHT RAIN MOVING ACROSS CENTRAL ALABAMA. THE RAIN AND
THUNDERSTORMS WERE MOVING NORTHEAST AT 40 MPH.

PERSONS IN WESTERN ALABAMA SHOULD CONTINUE TO MONITOR THEIR LOCAL TV...
RADIO...OR NOAA WEATHER RADIO SINCE VERY STRONG STORMS WILL BE MOVING IN
FROM MISSISSIPPI BETWEEN 10 AND 11 O CLOCK.
Special weather statement, Nov 19, 9:52 PM CST, 2 hours 13 minutes before
SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BIRMINGHAM AL
950 PM CST SAT NOV 19 1988

A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR PORTIONS OF WEST CENTRAL AND
NORTHWEST ALABAMA UNTIL 12 MIDNIGHT. SOME WEST CENTRAL ALABAMA CITIES
INCLUDED IN THE WATCH ARE...FAYETTE...JASPER...TUSCALOOSA...AND
HAMILTON.

AT 950 PM CST RADAR INDICATED A BAND OF SHOWERS AND THUNDERSHOWERS
EXTENDING FROM NEAR BIRMINGHAM TO CENTREVILLE THEN ON INTO MARENGO
COUNTY. THESE SHOWERS ARE PRODUCING TORRENTIAL RAIN. THEREFORE MOTORISTS
NEED TO BE CAUTIOUS FOR POSSIBLE HYDROPLANING CONDITIONS.

ELSEWHERE ANOTHER LINE OF SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS WAS ABOUT TO ENTER
WESTERN ALABAMA FROM MISISSIPPI. SOME OF THESE STORMS HAVE DONE DAMAGED
ACROSS SECTIONS OF EASTERN MISSISSIPPI. THEREFORE PERSON IN WESTERN
ALABAMA...PARTICULARLY IN LAMAR AND MARION COUNTIES...NEED TO BE
PREPARED FOR POSSIBLE THREATENING WEATHER CONDITIONS. NOW IS A GOOD TIME
TO THINK OF A PLACE OF SHELTER BEFORE A WARNING IS ISSUED. CONTINUE TO
MONITOR YOUR LOCAL TV...RADIO...OR NOAA WEATHER RADIO FOR THE LATEST
WEATHER INFORMATION.
Special weather statement, Nov 19, 10:45 PM CST, 1 hour 20 minutes before
SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BIRMINGHAM AL
1040 PM CST SAT NOV 19 1988

A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR PORTIONS OF WEST CENTRAL AND
NORTHWEST ALABAMA UNTIL 12 MIDNIGHT. ANOTHER TORNADO WATCH IS IN EFFECT
FOR SECTIONS OF CENTRAL AND SOUTHWEST ALABAMA UNTIL 5 AM CST.

AT 1040 PM CST RADAR INDICATED THAT THE STORMS THAT ENTERED LAMAR AND
MARION COUNTIES HAVE WEAKENED. HOWEVER SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WERE BEING
REPORTED IN EASTERN MISSISSIPPI. THEREFORE PERSONS IN WESTERN ALABAMA
NEED TO BE PREPARED FOR THREATENING WEATHER CONDITIONS.

ELSEWHERE ACROSS ALABAMA LIGHT TO AT TIMES HEAVY RAIN EXTENDED FROM
CULLMAN TO BIRMINGHAM THROUGH CENTREVILLE TO WEST OF SELMA. MOTORISTS
NEED TO REDUCE THEIR SPEED DUE TO THE EXCESS WATER ON THE ROADS.

PERSONS SHOULD CONTINUE TO MONITOR THEIR LOCAL TV...RADIO...OR NOAA
WEATHER RADIO FOR THE LATEST WEATHER INFORMATION. YOU SHOULD ALSO BE
PREPARED TO SEEK SHELTER WITH 1LITTLE OR NO ADVANCE WARNING.
Special weather statement, Nov 19, 11:37 PM CST, 28 minutes before
SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BIRMINGHAM AL
1133 PM CST SAT NOV 19 1988

A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR PORTIONS OF WEST CENTRAL AND
NORTHWEST ALABAMA UNTIL 12 MIDNIGHT. ANOTHER TORNADO WATCH IS IN EFFECT
FOR SECTIONS OF CENTRAL AND SOUTHWEST ALABAMA UNTIL 5 AM CST.

AT 1133 PM CST RADAR INDICATED THAT THE STORMS WERE INCREASING SLIGHTLY
IN INTENSITY ALONG THE MISSISSIPPI ALABAMA BORDER. THE STRONGEST
THUNDERSTORM WAS ENTERING SUMTER COUNTY ALABAMA...ABOUT 5 MILES WEST OF
LIVINGSTON. THIS STORM PRODUCED ONE INCH HAIL OVER MERIDIAN MISSISSIPPI.
THIS STORM WILL BE MOVING INTO GREENE COUNTY BY 12 MIDNIGHT.

PERSONS IN NORTH AND CENTRAL ALABAMA NEED TO MONITOR THEIR LOCAL TV...
RADIO OR NOAA WEATHER RADIO FOR THE LATEST WEATHER INFORMATION FOR THE
REST OF THE NIGHT.

ELSEWHERE ACROSS ALABAMA SHOWERS AND A FEW THUNDERSTORMS WERE SCATTERED
ACROSS THE WESTERN HALF OF ALABAMA. THE SHOWERS AND THUNDyERSTORMS
WERE MOVING NORTHEAST AT 40 MPH.
Special weather statement, Nov 20, 12:03 AM CST, 2 minutes before
SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BIRMINGHAM AL
1201 AM CST SUN NOV 20 1988

A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR PORTIONS OF CENTRAL AND SOUTHWEST
ALABAMA UNTIL 5 AM CST. THE TORNADO WATCH FOR NORTHWEST AND WEST CENTRAL
ALABAMA EXPIRED AT 12 MIDNIGHT. THIS WATCH HAS BEEN PLACED HOWEVER BY A
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH FOR MUCH OF NORTH ALABAMA UNTIL 5 AM.

AT 1200 AM CST STRONG THUNDERSTORMS PRODUCING HEAVY RAIN...FREQUENT
LIGHTNING AND WIND GUSTS AROUND 40 MPH WERE LOCATED IN GREENE COUNTY
ABOUT 5 MILES WEST OF EUTAW...AND IN EASTERN MISSISSIPPI JUST WEST OF
LAMAR AND MARION COUNTIES.

PERSONS IN NORTH AND CENTRAL ALABAMA NEED TO MONITOR THEIR LOCAL TV...
RADIO OR NOAA WEATHER RADIO FOR THE LATEST WEATHER INFORMATION FOR THE
REST OF THE NIGHT. YOU SHOULD BE PREPARED TO SEEK SHELTER WITH LITTLE OR
NO WARNING.

THE THUNDERSTORMS CONTINUE TO MOVE RAPIDLY TO THE NORTHEAST AT 40 MPH.

The office that day

Everything else NWS Birmingham, AL issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Nov 20, 12:12 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXLamar, Marion63 min
Nov 20, 12:20 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXLamar, Marion25 min
Nov 20, 12:28 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXTuscaloosa47 min
Nov 20, 12:51 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXFranklin34 min
Nov 20, 12:57 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXJefferson48 min
Nov 20, 1:14 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXFayette, Marion46 min
Nov 20, 1:14 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXHale46 min
Nov 20, 1:14 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXWinston46 min
Nov 20, 1:40 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXBibb35 min
Nov 20, 1:45 AM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXJefferson45 min

Nearby

Tornado Warnings in Alabama, 1988Every tornado warning in 1988Tornadoes in 1988

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive.