March 9, 1822 Eruption of Toya

Name: March 9, 1822 Eruption of Toya
Start: 1822-03-09
Location: Toya, Japan

March 9, 1822 · VEI 4 · 50 deaths

Toya in Japan erupted on March 9, 1822 with a Volcanic Explosivity Index of 4. The eruption killed 50 people.

Where it erupted

Toya, Japan, with its other significant eruptions.

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The eruption

Date: March 9, 1822
Volcano: Toya, stratovolcano
Country: Japan
Volcanic Explosivity Index: 4, large (eruption column 10 to 25 km)
Killed by: Pyroclastic flows, surges and direct blasts
Location: 42.544° N, 140.839° E

The toll

Deaths: 50
Injuries: 53
Houses destroyed: Some (about 51 to 100)

Where the literature gives no number, NCEI records a description on a scale of 1 to 4, printed here in its words. Damage is in millions of US dollars of the year of the event, not adjusted for inflation.

What the record says

NCEI’s account, from the sources it cites.

50 killed and 53 injured (=CAVW total of 103), all in old village of Abuta (S side of volcano). 1,437 horses also killed and old Abuta destroyed. (reference #9675)

March 23: Pyroclastic flow (Bunsei glowing cloud) destroyed Abuta village (near current Irie), killing 103 people and 1,437 horses. (reference #12936)

Other significant eruptions of Toya

Every eruption in 1822 The 1800s Toya Earthquakes near Toya This day in weather history

Sources

Volcanoes and significant eruptions from NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Hazard Database, cited as NCEI/WDS, doi:10.7289/V5PN93H7. Public domain. Read 2026-09-24. Volcano numbers are the Smithsonian Institution’s Global Volcanism Program’s. NCEI event 2695.