Banda Api

November 20, 1694 Eruption of Banda Api

November 20, 1694 · VEI 3 · Deaths: some

Banda Api in the Pacific Ocean erupted on November 20, 1694 with a Volcanic Explosivity Index of 3.

Where it erupted

Banda Api, Pacific Ocean, with its other significant eruptions.

Open the live map with volcanic ash advisories

The eruption

Date
November 20, 1694
Volcano
Banda Api, caldera
Volcanic Explosivity Index
3, moderate to large (eruption column 3 to 15 km)
Location
4.523° S, 129.881° E

The toll

Deaths
Some (about 51 to 100)

Where the literature gives no number, NCEI records a description on a scale of 1 to 4, printed here in its words. Damage is in millions of US dollars of the year of the event, not adjusted for inflation.

What the record says

NCEI’s account, from the sources it cites.

The whole population at the foot of the volcano was destroyed. Neumann van Pandang reports an enormous outburst on this day sestroyed vegetation on the island. Some sources do not list fatalities.

Other significant eruptions of Banda Api

More

Every eruption in 1694The 1600sBanda ApiEarthquakes near Banda ApiThis day in weather history

Sources

Volcanoes and significant eruptions from NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Hazard Database, cited as NCEI/WDS, doi:10.7289/V5PN93H7. Public domain. Read 2026-09-24. Volcano numbers are the Smithsonian Institution’s Global Volcanism Program’s. NCEI event 477.