October 26, 1880 Tsunami: Sitka, AK, United States
A tsunami caused by a magnitude 6.3 earthquake and a landslide began at Sitka, AK, United States on October 26, 1880 at 22:20 UTC. The water rose as high as 1.8 meters. Its effects were recorded at 2 places.
Where the waves reached
The source (white) and every runup with a place, colored by the water height recorded there. A ring is a runup NCEI marks doubtful.
- Under 1 m
- 1 to 3 m
- 3 to 10 m
- 10 to 30 m
- 30 m and more
- Height not recorded
The tsunami
- Date
- October 26, 1880, 22:20 UTC
- Source
- Sitka, AK, United States
- Cause
- Earthquake and landslide
- Earthquake
- Magnitude 6.3
- Maximum water height
- 1.8 m (5.9 ft)
- Runups recorded
- 2
- Tsunami intensity (Soloviev-Imamura)
- 0
- Tsunami magnitude (Iida)
- 5.9
- Waters
- Ocean
- How certain
- Probable tsunami
- Source location
- 57.000° N, 136.000° W
The toll
The record gives no deaths, injuries or damage for this tsunami.
What the record says
NCEI’s account, from the sources it cites.
This magnitude 6.3 earthquake, continuing for twenty or thirty seconds, was followed by eight or nine aftershocks over the subsequent 48 hours. Cracking and splitting earth noises occurred at Sitka, while at Warm Springs, 32 km southeast of Sitka, the springs erupted like geysers. People in Hoonah village, on the north end of Chichagof Island, reported being thrown around "like chips in an eddy". Two separate tsunamis, probably the result of local submarine landslides, were produced during this event. (Ref #239)
1880 October 26, 13:30 local time (according to other sources, 20:45). At Sitka, there was a tornado, accompanied by an earthquake, which terrified the residents and did great damage. Half an hour later, a second shock was felt, and another seven or eight shocks occurred during the next two days. The first shock lasted about 30 seconds; then a large tidal wave appeared. The earthquake was strong at Honniak Village. shocks were felt along the entire coast of Canada, but were not noticed on Kodiak Island. In the same year, a strong earthquake occurred on Chirikov Island (Aleutian Islands) with the formation or revival of a surface fault (Reference #415).
Every runup
Nearest the source first. Heights are above sea level at the time; a tide gauge reads half the wave’s full height.
| Where | Country | Km from source | Water height, m | Inland, m | Measured by | First wave, UTC | Deaths |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Redoubt Lake, Baranof Island, AK, AK | United States | 47 | 1.8 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Whale Bay, Sitka Island, AK, AK | United States | 74 | Eyewitness observation of water height |
More
Every tsunami in 1880The 1800sTsunamis of United StatesThe earthquakeThis day in weather historyAlerts in force
Sources
Tsunami events and runups from NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Hazard Database, cited as NCEI/WDS, doi:10.7289/V5PN93H7. Public domain. Read 2026-09-24. NCEI tsunami event 1120.