December 30, 1703 Tsunami: Off SW Boso Peninsula, Japan
A tsunami caused by a magnitude 8.2 earthquake began at Off SW Boso Peninsula, Japan on December 30, 1703 at 17:00 UTC. The water rose as high as 11.7 meters. Its effects were recorded at 48 places. It killed 5,233 people.
Where the waves reached
The source (white) and every runup with a place, colored by the water height recorded there. A ring is a runup NCEI marks doubtful.
- Under 1 m
- 1 to 3 m
- 3 to 10 m
- 10 to 30 m
- 30 m and more
- Height not recorded
The tsunami
- Date
- December 30, 1703, 17:00 UTC
- Source
- Off SW Boso Peninsula, Japan
- Cause
- Earthquake
- Earthquake
- Magnitude 8.2
- Maximum water height
- 11.7 m (38.4 ft)
- Runups recorded
- 48
- Tsunami intensity (Soloviev-Imamura)
- 3
- Tsunami magnitude (Iida)
- 4
- Waters
- Ocean
- How certain
- Definite tsunami
- Source location
- 34.700° N, 139.800° E
The toll
- Deaths
- 5,233
- Damage
- Extreme (about $25 million or more)
- Houses destroyed
- 20,162
Where the literature gives no number, NCEI records a description on a scale of 1 to 4, printed here in its words. Damage is in millions of US dollars of the year of the event, not adjusted for inflation.
What the record says
NCEI’s account, from the sources it cites.
Reference #414:
December 31, 1703, about 2:00 local time. The tsunami which arose after the earthquake was observed from the Sanriku Coast to the Kii Peninsula and on the Bonin islands. There were dead and injured on the Sanriku Coast. The tsunami was especially strong on the coast of Chiba Prefecture, where it caused great destruction, and on the northwestern shore of Sagami Gulf. The tsunami caused numerous human victims in Chiba Prefecture on the eastern shore of the Boso Peninsula (Kujukuri Region), on a stretch of about 400 km... The source of the earthquake and tsunami apparently was situated to the southeast of the Boso Peninsula. Some settlements suffered not only from this earthquake and tsunami, but also from the large fires which broke out as a result of the shocks. An especially large fire broke out at Odawara. In Kanagawa and Shizuoka Prefectures, in all, 8,007 homes were destroyed, 563 homes burned down, and 2,291 people died (the ulk of the data apply to Kanagawa Prefecture).
In all, according to official data, 20,162 homes suffered damage and 5,233 people died in the country as a result of the seismic shocks, the tsunami, and the fires.
Reference #150:
Dec 31, 1703. Damaged area : Sagami Bay coast, Oshima, Hachijo Is and Atami. Several km dried up in East coast of Boso Penin. 5,233 deaths. 20,162 houses destroyed.
Reference #1897:
Dec. 30, 1703. Sea waves on the coast of Sagami, Awa, and Kazusa; four waves counted.
Reference #13909:
The tsunami also caused significant damage in the Boso Peninsula, with more than 6000 victims. The total casualties is estimated to be at least 10,000.
Reference #13912 lists tsunamis hitting mainly along the coast of the Boso Peninsula and Sagami Bay, and it is estimated that more than 6,500 people were killed, especially on the Boso Peninsula. Overall, the earthquake motion and tsunami caused more than 10,000 deaths and other damage.
Every runup
Nearest the source first. Heights are above sea level at the time; a tide gauge reads half the wave’s full height.
| Where | Country | Km from source | Water height, m | Inland, m | Measured by | First wave, UTC | Deaths |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boso Peninsula | Japan | 23 | Eyewitness observation of water height | 125 | |||
| Ainohama | Japan | 24 | 10 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Mera | Japan | 25 | Eyewitness observation of water height | ||||
| Chikura Region | Japan | 31 | 5 | Eyewitness observation of water height | 28 | ||
| Tateyama | Japan | 32 | 5.6 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Habuminato, Oshima Island | Japan | 34 | 10 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Okada, Oshima Island | Japan | 39 | 10 | Eyewitness observation of water height | 56 | ||
| Hota | Japan | 48 | 6.5 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Niemonjima | Japan | 50 | 7 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Kamogawa | Japan | 52 | 6.1 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Kujukurihama | Japan | 58 | 6 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Kominato | Japan | 61 | 6.1 | Eyewitness observation of water height | 100 | ||
| Katase | Japan | 67 | 6 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Katsuura (Katsuurashi) | Japan | 69 | 7.4 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Kamakura | Japan | 71 | Eyewitness observation of water height | 600 | |||
| Kawana | Japan | 71 | 4 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Usami | Japan | 74 | 5 | Eyewitness observation of water height | 300 | ||
| Onjuku | Japan | 75 | 8 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Shimotaga | Japan | 77 | 5 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Shimoda | Japan | 78 | 3 | Eyewitness observation of water height | 37 | ||
| Fujisawa-Hiratsuka | Japan | 79 | 4 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Atami | Japan | 80 | 5 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Ishumi District | Japan | 81 | Eyewitness observation of water height | 20 | |||
| Minato | Japan | 84 | 5.3 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Odawara | Japan | 85 | 4 | Eyewitness observation of water height | 230 | ||
| Torami | Japan | 89 | 6 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Kataura | Japan | 91 | 4 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Uchiura | Japan | 91 | 2 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Chikuma | Japan | 93 | 8.8 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Wada | Japan | 95 | 10.5 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Shinagawa | Japan | 102 | 2 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Ichikawa | Japan | 104 | 5 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Tokyo Bay | Japan | 105 | 8 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Urayasu | Japan | 108 | 2 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Kujukuri, Boso Peninsula | Japan | 108 | Eyewitness observation of water height | ||||
| Reigan Region, Tokyo | Japan | 109 | 2 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Funabashi | Japan | 111 | 2 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Togawa | Japan | 146 | 4 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Tokawa | Japan | 146 | 10.8 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Nagasaki | Japan | 147 | 7.7 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Naarai | Japan | 147 | 4.8 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Kobatakeike | Japan | 148 | 11.7 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Isejigaura | Japan | 149 | 5.9 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Hachijo Island | Japan | 177 | 3 | Eyewitness observation of water height | 1 | ||
| Iwai | Japan | 195 | 7.3 | Eyewitness observation of water height | |||
| Kuki | Japan | 631 | Eyewitness observation of water height | ||||
| Oino | Japan | 4 | Eyewitness observation of water height | ||||
| Hosoya | Japan | 10 | Eyewitness observation of water height |
More
Every tsunami in 1703The 1700sTsunamis of JapanThe earthquakeThis day in weather historyAlerts in force
Sources
Tsunami events and runups from NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Hazard Database, cited as NCEI/WDS, doi:10.7289/V5PN93H7. Public domain. Read 2026-09-24. NCEI tsunami event 367.