Tsunamis in 1703

December 30, 1703 Tsunami: Off SW Boso Peninsula, Japan

December 30, 1703 · 11.7 m · 5,233 deaths · 20,162 houses destroyed · Definite tsunami

A tsunami caused by a magnitude 8.2 earthquake began at Off SW Boso Peninsula, Japan on December 30, 1703 at 17:00 UTC. The water rose as high as 11.7 meters. Its effects were recorded at 48 places. It killed 5,233 people.

Where the waves reached

The source (white) and every runup with a place, colored by the water height recorded there. A ring is a runup NCEI marks doubtful.

  • Under 1 m
  • 1 to 3 m
  • 3 to 10 m
  • 10 to 30 m
  • 30 m and more
  • Height not recorded

Tsunami warnings in force

The tsunami

Date
December 30, 1703, 17:00 UTC
Source
Off SW Boso Peninsula, Japan
Cause
Earthquake
Earthquake
Magnitude 8.2
Maximum water height
11.7 m (38.4 ft)
Runups recorded
48
Tsunami intensity (Soloviev-Imamura)
3
Tsunami magnitude (Iida)
4
Waters
Ocean
How certain
Definite tsunami
Source location
34.700° N, 139.800° E

The toll

Deaths
5,233
Damage
Extreme (about $25 million or more)
Houses destroyed
20,162

Where the literature gives no number, NCEI records a description on a scale of 1 to 4, printed here in its words. Damage is in millions of US dollars of the year of the event, not adjusted for inflation.

What the record says

NCEI’s account, from the sources it cites.

Reference #414:

December 31, 1703, about 2:00 local time. The tsunami which arose after the earthquake was observed from the Sanriku Coast to the Kii Peninsula and on the Bonin islands. There were dead and injured on the Sanriku Coast. The tsunami was especially strong on the coast of Chiba Prefecture, where it caused great destruction, and on the northwestern shore of Sagami Gulf. The tsunami caused numerous human victims in Chiba Prefecture on the eastern shore of the Boso Peninsula (Kujukuri Region), on a stretch of about 400 km... The source of the earthquake and tsunami apparently was situated to the southeast of the Boso Peninsula. Some settlements suffered not only from this earthquake and tsunami, but also from the large fires which broke out as a result of the shocks. An especially large fire broke out at Odawara. In Kanagawa and Shizuoka Prefectures, in all, 8,007 homes were destroyed, 563 homes burned down, and 2,291 people died (the ulk of the data apply to Kanagawa Prefecture).

In all, according to official data, 20,162 homes suffered damage and 5,233 people died in the country as a result of the seismic shocks, the tsunami, and the fires.

Reference #150:

Dec 31, 1703. Damaged area : Sagami Bay coast, Oshima, Hachijo Is and Atami. Several km dried up in East coast of Boso Penin. 5,233 deaths. 20,162 houses destroyed.

Reference #1897:

Dec. 30, 1703. Sea waves on the coast of Sagami, Awa, and Kazusa; four waves counted.

Reference #13909:

The tsunami also caused significant damage in the Boso Peninsula, with more than 6000 victims. The total casualties is estimated to be at least 10,000.

Reference #13912 lists tsunamis hitting mainly along the coast of the Boso Peninsula and Sagami Bay, and it is estimated that more than 6,500 people were killed, especially on the Boso Peninsula. Overall, the earthquake motion and tsunami caused more than 10,000 deaths and other damage.

Every runup

Nearest the source first. Heights are above sea level at the time; a tide gauge reads half the wave’s full height.

WhereCountryKm from sourceWater height, mInland, mMeasured byFirst wave, UTCDeaths
Boso PeninsulaJapan23Eyewitness observation of water height125
AinohamaJapan2410Eyewitness observation of water height
MeraJapan25Eyewitness observation of water height
Chikura RegionJapan315Eyewitness observation of water height28
TateyamaJapan325.6Eyewitness observation of water height
Habuminato, Oshima IslandJapan3410Eyewitness observation of water height
Okada, Oshima IslandJapan3910Eyewitness observation of water height56
HotaJapan486.5Eyewitness observation of water height
NiemonjimaJapan507Eyewitness observation of water height
KamogawaJapan526.1Eyewitness observation of water height
KujukurihamaJapan586Eyewitness observation of water height
KominatoJapan616.1Eyewitness observation of water height100
KataseJapan676Eyewitness observation of water height
Katsuura (Katsuurashi)Japan697.4Eyewitness observation of water height
KamakuraJapan71Eyewitness observation of water height600
KawanaJapan714Eyewitness observation of water height
UsamiJapan745Eyewitness observation of water height300
OnjukuJapan758Eyewitness observation of water height
ShimotagaJapan775Eyewitness observation of water height
ShimodaJapan783Eyewitness observation of water height37
Fujisawa-HiratsukaJapan794Eyewitness observation of water height
AtamiJapan805Eyewitness observation of water height
Ishumi DistrictJapan81Eyewitness observation of water height20
MinatoJapan845.3Eyewitness observation of water height
OdawaraJapan854Eyewitness observation of water height230
ToramiJapan896Eyewitness observation of water height
KatauraJapan914Eyewitness observation of water height
UchiuraJapan912Eyewitness observation of water height
ChikumaJapan938.8Eyewitness observation of water height
WadaJapan9510.5Eyewitness observation of water height
ShinagawaJapan1022Eyewitness observation of water height
IchikawaJapan1045Eyewitness observation of water height
Tokyo BayJapan1058Eyewitness observation of water height
UrayasuJapan1082Eyewitness observation of water height
Kujukuri, Boso PeninsulaJapan108Eyewitness observation of water height
Reigan Region, TokyoJapan1092Eyewitness observation of water height
FunabashiJapan1112Eyewitness observation of water height
TogawaJapan1464Eyewitness observation of water height
TokawaJapan14610.8Eyewitness observation of water height
NagasakiJapan1477.7Eyewitness observation of water height
NaaraiJapan1474.8Eyewitness observation of water height
KobatakeikeJapan14811.7Eyewitness observation of water height
IsejigauraJapan1495.9Eyewitness observation of water height
Hachijo IslandJapan1773Eyewitness observation of water height1
IwaiJapan1957.3Eyewitness observation of water height
KukiJapan631Eyewitness observation of water height
OinoJapan4Eyewitness observation of water height
HosoyaJapan10Eyewitness observation of water height

More

Every tsunami in 1703The 1700sTsunamis of JapanThe earthquakeThis day in weather historyAlerts in force

Sources

Tsunami events and runups from NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Hazard Database, cited as NCEI/WDS, doi:10.7289/V5PN93H7. Public domain. Read 2026-09-24. NCEI tsunami event 367.