November 22, 1360 Tsunami: Kumanonada, Japan
A tsunami caused by a magnitude 7 earthquake began at Kumanonada, Japan on November 22, 1360. Its effects were recorded at 3 places.
Where the waves reached
The source (white) and every runup with a place, colored by the water height recorded there. A ring is a runup NCEI marks doubtful.
- Under 1 m
- 1 to 3 m
- 3 to 10 m
- 10 to 30 m
- 30 m and more
- Height not recorded
The tsunami
- Date
- November 22, 1360
- Source
- Kumanonada, Japan
- Cause
- Earthquake
- Earthquake
- Magnitude 7
- Runups recorded
- 3
- Tsunami intensity (Soloviev-Imamura)
- 2
- Tsunami magnitude (Iida)
- 2.5
- Waters
- Ocean
- How certain
- Definite tsunami
- Source location
- 33.400° N, 136.200° E
The toll
- Deaths
- Many (about 101 to 1,000)
Where the literature gives no number, NCEI records a description on a scale of 1 to 4, printed here in its words. Damage is in millions of US dollars of the year of the event, not adjusted for inflation.
What the record says
NCEI’s account, from the sources it cites.
Nov 22, 1360, 33.4 N, 135.2 E, magnitude 7. An earthquake occurred in Osaka and Wakayama Prefectures. The epicenter was located at sea near Kii Strait. The first shock occurred on November 21. The second earthquake, at about midnight on the 22nd, caused a tsunami, which was observed at dawn on the 23rd on the coast of Wakayama Prefecture and in Osaka Bay. There were many victims. (reference #414)
Nov 22, 1360, 33.4 N, 135.2 E, Nankaido. Damage and numerous deaths. (reference #79)
1360, July and August. Some sources give an erroneous date for the tsunami. (references #414 and #79)
Nov 23, 1360, 33.4 N, 136.2 E, magnitude 7. Tsunami attacked from Owase to Osaka Bay. Many deaths. Earthquake occurred at 24h, November 22, tsunami at 6h November 23. (reference #150)
Every runup
Nearest the source first. Heights are above sea level at the time; a tide gauge reads half the wave’s full height.
| Where | Country | Km from source | Water height, m | Inland, m | Measured by | First wave, UTC | Deaths |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Owase | Japan | 76 | Eyewitness observation of water height | ||||
| Wakayama | Japan | 128 | Eyewitness observation of water height | ||||
| Osaka Bay | Japan | 157 | Eyewitness observation of water height |
More
Every tsunami in 1360The 1300sTsunamis of JapanThe earthquakeThis day in weather historyAlerts in force
Sources
Tsunami events and runups from NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Hazard Database, cited as NCEI/WDS, doi:10.7289/V5PN93H7. Public domain. Read 2026-09-24. NCEI tsunami event 122.