Tornadoes · United States · Texas · 2005
F0 tornado, Amarillo, Texas, May 31, 2005
This F0 tornado ran 0.1 miles across Randall County on May 31, 2005, touching down at 3:05 PM CDT and reaching 25 yards wide. It killed nobody.
The rating scale
Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.
F040 to 72 mphthis tornado
Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.
F173 to 112 mph
Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.
F2113 to 157 mph
Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.
F3158 to 206 mph
Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.
F4207 to 260 mph
Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.
F5261 to 318 mph
Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.
Unrated
The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.
The record
- Rating
- F0
- Date
- May 31, 2005
- Touchdown
- 3:05 PM CDT (20:05 UTC)
- Path length
- 0.1 miles (0.2 km)
- Path width
- 25 yards (23 m)
- Deaths
- 0
- Injuries
- 0
- County
- Randall County
- Touchdown point
- 35.170, -101.770
- Lift-off point
- 35.170, -101.770
- Record number
- 105
What the Weather Service recorded
Severe thunderstorms tracked across the southwest and south-central Texas panhandle during the afternoon and early evening hours producing large hail...damaging winds...and an isolated tornado. Damage reported from the severe weather was broken windows of homes due to wind blown large hail southeast of the city of Amarillo...a barn damaged from the large hail north-northeast of Hereford...skylights were broken in a farm home just north of Hereford...and crop damage from the large hail north and northeast of Hereford. The crop damage was from near Milo Center to just west of Dawn where large sections of corn...wheat...and cotton were badly damage or destroyed. No injuries were reported.
The tornado touched down in open country east of Lakeside Drive and south of Interstate 40. An official damage survey was attempted on the tornado...however no significant damage was observed. Therefore...the path length and path width were estimated.
From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.
The warnings
5 minutes of warning. NWS AMA issued a tornado warning for this county at 20:00 UTC, 5 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 20:45 UTC.
| Issued (UTC) | Expired | Product | Office |
|---|---|---|---|
| 19:06 UTC | 20:00 UTC | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | AMA |
| 19:56 UTC | 21:00 UTC | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | AMA |
| 20:00 UTC | 20:45 UTC | Tornado Warning | AMA |
| 20:53 UTC | 22:00 UTC | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | AMA |
Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.
The forecast that day
The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.05 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 20:18 UTC.
SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.
The air that afternoon
The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.
Amarillo Airport, TX (KAMA), 12:00Z
8.1 hours before the tornado, 9 km from the path. May 31, 2005.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 91 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -246 J/kg
- Surface CAPE
- 0 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 1118 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 43 kt
- 0-1 km bulk shear
- 14 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 144 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 196 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 0.1
- 0-3 km lapse rate
- 4.5 K/km
Amarillo Airport, TX (KAMA), 00:00Z
3.9 hours after it, 9 km from the path. June 1, 2005.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 491 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -60 J/kg
- Surface CAPE
- 1420 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 1035 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 54 kt
- 0-1 km bulk shear
- 8 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 18 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 76 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 0.4
- 0-3 km lapse rate
- 6.5 K/km
The surface observations
Amarillo - Rick Husband Intl (AMA), 8 km from the path, in the two hours either side.
| Time (UTC) | Temp (°F) | Dew point (°F) | Wind | Gust (kt) | Pressure (mb) | Weather |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18:53 UTC | 69 | 60 | 80° 7 kt | 1013.9 | ||
| 19:12 UTC | 68 | 60.8 | 70° 7 kt | 1013.5 | TS | |
| 19:46 UTC | 64.4 | 60.8 | 80° 13 kt | 1012.9 | TSRA BR | |
| 19:51 UTC | 64.4 | 60.8 | 80° 11 kt | 1012.9 | SH TS +RA GS BR | |
| 19:53 UTC | 63 | 61 | 80° 9 kt | 1012.9 | +TSRAGS BR | |
| 20:00 UTC | 62.6 | 60.8 | 100° 8 kt | 1012.9 | +TSRAGR BR | |
| 20:08 UTC | 62.6 | 60.8 | 110° 7 kt | 1013.5 | TSRA BR | |
| 20:31 UTC | 62.6 | 60.8 | 70° 6 kt | 1013.2 | TSRA | |
| 20:53 UTC | 62 | 56 | 80° 8 kt | 1012.9 | -TSRA | |
| 21:11 UTC | 60.8 | 55.4 | 110° 9 kt | 1013.5 | ||
| 21:53 UTC | 62 | 59 | 80° 5 kt | 1012.5 |
From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.
The radar
The Amarillo radar (KAMA), 9 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 20:06 UTC.
Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track
Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.
This ground now
The live radar over the trackEvery 2005 tornado in TexasEvery tornado in Texas since 1950Warnings in force in Texas nowThe forecast where you are
The other tornadoes of May 31, 2005
10 more were confirmed in the United States that day.
| Date | Time | Rating | Where | Path (mi) | Width (yd) | Deaths | Injuries | Damage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| May 31 | 6:10 PM CDT | F0 | Covington, AL | 1.0 | 20 | $40,000 | ||
| May 31 | 6:30 PM CDT | F0 | Crenshaw, AL | 0.2 | 20 | $10,000 | ||
| May 31 | 7:05 PM CDT | F0 | Covington, AL | 1.0 | 20 | $10,000 | ||
| May 31 | 8:35 PM CDT | F0 | Sterling, TX | 1.0 | 30 | |||
| May 31 | 8:48 PM CDT | F0 | Sterling, TX | 1.0 | 30 | |||
| May 31 | 10:32 PM CDT | F1 | Tom Green, TX | 2.0 | 0 | $300,000 | ||
| May 31 | 10:37 PM CDT | F1 | Tom Green, TX | 2.0 | 0 | $100,000 | ||
| May 31 | 11:38 PM EDT | F1 | Pasco, FL | 1.5 | 100 | $80,000 | ||
| May 31 | 11:10 PM CDT | F0 | Tom Green, TX | 1.0 | 0 | $10,000 | ||
| May 31 | 11:55 PM CDT | F0 | Menard, TX | 0.5 | 25 | $10,000 |
What this means
Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.
Sources
NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.