Tornadoes · United States · Tennessee · 2021

EF0 tornado, Okalona to Bethlehem, Tennessee, May 28, 2021

From Okalona to Bethlehem, this EF0 tornado ran 1.0 miles across Overton County on May 28, 2021, touching down at 1:13 PM CDT and reaching 50 yards wide. It killed nobody and injured 2, and did $10,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
May 28, 2021
Touchdown
1:13 PM CDT (18:13 UTC)
Lifted
1:14 PM CDT (18:14 UTC)
On the ground
1 minutes
Path length
1.0 miles (1.6 km)
Path width
50 yards (46 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
2
Property damage
$10,000
County
Overton County
Touchdown point
36.335, -85.329
Lift-off point
36.338, -85.312
Record number
2105281213-01

The damage survey

40 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS OHX, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF0. The highest wind the damage implies is 85 mph.

  • Trees reportedly blown down at 150 Difficult Lane
  • Trees reportedly blown down in this area

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

A short line of thunderstorms moved across the Upper Cumberland during the early afternoon hours on Friday, May 28. This line of storms spawned two weak QLCS tornadoes that damaged several homes and businesses in Putnam and Overton Counties. Two minor injuries occurred south of Livingston in Overton County, but no injuries were reported in Putnam County.

A brief EF-0 tornado touched down south of Livingston to the west of Bilbrey Road. Security camera video from Clydesdale Farms on Dale Gunnels Lane showed the tornado heavily damaging a barn and blowing down numerous trees. 2 people in the barn suffered minor injuries. Further to the east, more trees were blown down on Difficult Lane before the tornado lifted near Monterey Highway.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down. One was issued for the county at another hour that day.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
18:15 UTC18:45 UTCTornado WarningOHX

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Marginal Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 16:27 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Nashville Metro, TN (KBNA), 12:00Z

6.2 hours before the tornado, 117 km from the path. May 28, 2021.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Nashville Metro, TN at 12:00Z on 2021-05-28Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 204 joules per kilogram, CIN -48, lifted condensation level 749 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Nashville Metro, TN at 12:00Z on 2021-05-28The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 182 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 29 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
204 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-48 J/kg
Surface CAPE
195 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
749 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
29 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
32 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
182 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
138 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.4
0-3 km lapse rate
4.9 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Nashville Metro, TN (KBNA), 00:00Z

5.8 hours after it, 117 km from the path. May 29, 2021.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Nashville Metro, TN at 00:00Z on 2021-05-29Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 775 joules per kilogram, CIN 0, lifted condensation level 901 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Nashville Metro, TN at 00:00Z on 2021-05-29The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 37 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 33 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
775 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
0 J/kg
Surface CAPE
1655 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
901 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
33 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
20 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
37 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
73 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.1
Supercell composite
0.8
0-3 km lapse rate
6.9 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Nashville radar (KOHX), 112 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 18:12 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
17:57 UTCTORNADO2 Sw CookevillePutnam, TNAN EF-0 TORNADO TOUCHED DOWN NEAR SOUTH WILLOW AVENUE AND WINSTON DRIVE IN COOKEVILLE CAUSING MINOR DAMAGE TO A CHURCH...MODERATE DAMAGE TO AN OUTBUILDING AND SNAPPED LARGE BRANCHES FROM NEARBY TREES. IT CONTINUED TO THE
18:03 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 E CookevillePutnam, TNTREES DOWN ON WATAUGA DRIVE IN EAST COOKEVILLE.
18:13 UTCTORNADO4 S LivingstonOverton, TN*** 2 INJ *** A BRIEF EF-0 TORNADO TOUCHED DOWN SOUTH OF LIVINGSTON TO THE WEST OF BILBREY ROAD. SECURITY CAMERA VIDEO FROM CLYDESDALE FARMS ON DALE GUNNELS LANE SHOWED THE TORNADO HEAVILY DAMAGING A BARN AND BLOWING DOW

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2021 tornado in TennesseeEvery tornado in Tennessee since 1950Warnings in force in Tennessee nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 28, 2021

8 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 282:53 AM CDTEF1Webster Parish, LA2.5300$1.0 million
May 2812:57 PM CDTEF0Putnam, TN12.8150$50,000
May 282:54 PM CDTUnratedBrewster, TX1.150
May 282:01 PM MDTEF0Colfax, NM0.530
May 282:01 PM MDTEF0Colfax, NM0.660
May 285:36 PM MDTEF0Lincoln, NM0.550
May 287:58 PM EDTEF0Westmoreland, VA0.150
May 287:31 PM CDTEF0Bastrop, TX1.450$5,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.