Tornadoes · United States · Tennessee · 1998

F1 tornado, Ducktown to Ranger, Tennessee, May 7, 1998

From Ducktown to Ranger, this F1 tornado ran 14.0 miles across Polk and Cherokee counties on May 7, 1998, touching down at 2:00 PM CDT and reaching 100 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $180,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F1
Date
May 7, 1998
Touchdown
2:00 PM CDT (19:00 UTC)
Path length
14.0 miles (22.5 km)
Path width
100 yards (91 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$180,000
Counties
Polk and Cherokee counties
Touchdown point
35.030, -84.420
Lift-off point
35.020, -84.150
Record number
285

What the Weather Service recorded

The same severe thunderstorm that spawned the tornado in Bradley county dropped another here in Polk County. A number of houses were damaged, as well as numerous trees and powerlines downed. The storm then proceeded into Cherokee County, North Carolina.

The tornadic thunderstorm moved east out of Polk County Tennessee into Cherokee County. It damaged several houses and a campground before finally dissipating.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

23 minutes of warning. NWS MRX issued a tornado warning for this county at 18:37 UTC, 23 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 19:10 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
18:31 UTC19:20 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRX
18:37 UTC19:10 UTCTornado WarningMRX
19:13 UTC20:00 UTCTornado WarningMRX
20:39 UTC21:15 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRX
21:54 UTC22:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRX
22:05 UTC22:40 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRX

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Moderate Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 14:48 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Peachtre/Fal Fld, GA (KFFC), 12:00Z

7.0 hours before the tornado, 185 km from the path. May 7, 1998.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Peachtre/Fal Fld, GA at 12:00Z on 1998-05-07Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 650 joules per kilogram, CIN -129, lifted condensation level 521 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Peachtre/Fal Fld, GA at 12:00Z on 1998-05-07The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 193 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 68 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
650 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-129 J/kg
Surface CAPE
88 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
521 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
68 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
45 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
193 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
5 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
-3.5
0-3 km lapse rate
3.9 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Peachtre/Fal Fld, GA (KFFC), 00:00Z

5.0 hours after it, 185 km from the path. May 8, 1998.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Peachtre/Fal Fld, GA at 00:00Z on 1998-05-08Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 2212 joules per kilogram, CIN -6, lifted condensation level 923 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Peachtre/Fal Fld, GA at 00:00Z on 1998-05-08The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 96 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 61 knots.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
2212 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-6 J/kg
Surface CAPE
3846 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
923 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
61 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
14 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
96 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
181 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
1.9
Supercell composite
9.7
0-3 km lapse rate
6.6 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 1998 tornado in TennesseeEvery tornado in Tennessee since 1950Warnings in force in Tennessee nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 7, 1998

42 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 76:03 AM CDTF1Madison, AL1.550$100,000
May 76:27 AM CDTF1Madison, AL2.080$110,000
May 72:30 PM EDTF1Bradley, TN6.0100$380,000
May 73:55 PM EDTF0Union, GA9.0100$50,000
May 74:35 PM EDTF1Madison, NC1.350
May 74:35 PM EDTF0Caswell, NC0.5502$200,000
May 75:08 PM EDTF0Oconee, SC0.150
May 75:15 PM EDTF0Alexander, NC5.0300$420,000
May 75:25 PM EDTF1Iredell, NC3.01,320$100,000
May 75:25 PM EDTF0Oconee, SC0.150$10,000
May 75:49 PM EDTF4Caldwell, NC4.01,3202$1.1 million
May 75:50 PM EDTF1Iredell, NC3.0440$1.0 million
May 75:55 PM EDTF2McDowell, NC3.7880$480,000
May 76:03 PM EDTF1Alexander, NC10.0200$450,000
May 76:15 PM EDTF0Davie, NC5.0100
May 76:19 PM EDTF1Surry, NC2.5100$800,000
May 76:24 PM EDTF0Elbert, GA0.130
May 76:25 PM EDTF0Abbeville, SC5.050$30,000
May 76:30 PM EDTF3Forsyth, NC2.0305$50 million
May 76:42 PM EDTF1Greenwood, SC10.0100$70,000
May 76:49 PM EDTF2Lincoln, NC2.0440$210,000
May 77:10 PM EDTF1Davidson, NC0.1100$50,000
May 77:15 PM EDTF3Edgefield, SC5.0880$300,000
May 77:20 PM EDTF1Guilford, NC1.530$100,000
May 77:25 PM EDTF0Lincoln, NC5.050$20,000
May 77:33 PM EDTF1Lincoln, GA0.5100$50,000
May 77:40 PM EDTF1Pittsylvania, VA0.3502$150,000
May 77:41 PM EDTF2Lincoln, GA1.02008$300,000
May 77:45 PM EDTF0Mecklenburg, NC6.050$50,000
May 77:47 PM EDTF1Lincoln, GA1.0100$50,000
May 77:47 PM EDTF2Edgefield, SC6.04402$500,000
May 77:53 PM EDTF2Lincoln, GA0.5200$350,000
May 78:03 PM EDTF0McCormick, SC0.5100
May 77:04 PM CDTF0Seward, KS0.450
May 78:07 PM EDTF1Guilford, NC1.530
May 78:11 PM EDTF1Randolph, NC1.030
May 78:12 PM EDTF1Saluda, SC1.5150$50,000
May 78:15 PM EDTF3Edgefield, SC12.088019$1.0 million
May 78:35 PM EDTF0Greene, OH0.230$10,000
May 78:45 PM EDTF0Aiken, SC3.0100
May 711:48 PM EDTF1New Hanover, NC2.040$40,000
May 712:13 AM EDTF0McCormick, SC0.5100

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.