EF0 tornado, Duke, Oklahoma, May 23, 2024

1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

   Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

2. EF186 to 110 mph

   Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

3. EF2111 to 135 mph

   Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

4. EF3136 to 165 mph

   Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

5. EF4166 to 200 mph

   Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

6. EF5over 200 mph

   Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

7. Unrated

   The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

Rating

EF0

Date

May 23, 2024

Touchdown

7:25 PM CDT (00:25 UTC)

Lifted

7:27 PM CDT (00:27 UTC)

On the ground

2 minutes

Path length

0.9 miles (1.4 km)

Path width

40 yards (37 m)

Deaths

0

Injuries

0

Property damage

$10,000

County

Jackson County

Touchdown point

34.581, -99.551

Lift-off point

34.570, -99.555

Record number

2405231825-01

78 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS OUN, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF2. The highest wind the damage implies is 127 mph.

• 3 homes destroyed S of intersection of CR196 and Hwy 62; report from Kyle, KFDX chaser
• Highway sign blown over. East edge of track.
• Camper blown over destroyed
• Several round hay bales destroyed

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

Two primary rounds of severe convection occurred on the 23rd, with the first during the initial hours of the morning and the second during the early into late evening. The early morning round was fostered (in part) by a nocturnal low-level jet/ascent across portions of southwestern into south-central Oklahoma. Multiple reports of hail, including a few of severe-caliber, were received with this activity. ||A more impactful round of severe convection emerged by the late afternoon as an upper trough moved into portions of the Plains. Multiple supercell thunderstorms initiated off a dryline near the 100th meridian/far southeastern Texas Panhandle. Strong wind shear, instability and steep lapse rates promoted large to very large hail. As low-level shear increased and an emerging dominant supercell underwent favorable storm-scale interaction(s), significant tornadogenesis occurred. A long-lived and strong tornado occurred across portions of Jackson County, just west of Altus. Additional reports of severe weather were received by late evening from an evolving storm cluster across south-central Oklahoma. An additional supercell thunderstorm produced reports of large hail from the southern into northeastern portions of the Oklahoma City Metropolitan area earlier in the evening.

A satellite tornado was observed moving south around the circulation of the primary tornado. This tornado damaged a home as it crossed E1680 Road just east of SH-34.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

14 minutes of warning. NWS OUN issued a tornado warning for this county at 00:11 UTC, 14 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 01:00 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 21:30 UTC and running to 03:07 UTC.

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.05 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 19:50 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Altus (AXS), 24 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The Altus AFB radar (KFDR), 58 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 00:25 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

The live radar over the trackEvery 2024 tornado in OklahomaEvery tornado in Oklahoma since 1950Warnings in force in Oklahoma nowThe forecast where you are

26 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.