Tornadoes · United States · Nebraska · 2024

Unrated tornado, Hayes Center, Nebraska, May 23, 2024

This Unrated tornado ran 0.0 miles across Hayes County on May 23, 2024, touching down at 8:25 PM CDT and reaching 25 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unratedthis tornado

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
Unrated
Date
May 23, 2024
Touchdown
8:25 PM CDT (01:25 UTC)
Path length
0.0 miles (0.0 km)
Path width
25 yards (23 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Hayes County
Touchdown point
40.660, -101.265
Lift-off point
40.660, -101.265
Record number
2405231925-01

The damage survey

2 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS LBF, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EFU.

  • Photos received of a tornado over rangeland in far northwest Hayes county. No damage was observed. Time and location based on radar evidence.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

Thunderstorms developed over the central Nebraska Panhandle during the mid afternoon hours of May 23rd. As this activity moved east into better moisture and wind shear, storms became severe. Large hail, damaging winds, and tornadoes were reported.

A tornado briefly touched down in an open field and produced no damage. Time estimated from radar.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

0 minutes of warning. NWS LBF issued a tornado warning for this county at 01:25 UTC, 0 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 01:55 UTC.

The county was under a severe thunderstorm watch, issued at 20:25 UTC and running to 04:00 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
20:25 UTC04:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WatchLBF
00:49 UTC01:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningLBF
01:07 UTC01:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningLBF
01:25 UTC01:55 UTCTornado WarningLBF
01:38 UTC02:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningLBF
02:18 UTC02:45 UTCTornado WarningLBF

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.02 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 00:59 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

N. Platte/Lee Bi, NE (KLBF), 00:00Z

1.4 hours before the tornado, 77 km from the path. May 24, 2024.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, N. Platte/Lee Bi, NE at 00:00Z on 2024-05-24Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1132 joules per kilogram, CIN -151, lifted condensation level 1257 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, N. Platte/Lee Bi, NE at 00:00Z on 2024-05-24The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 40 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 31 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1132 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-151 J/kg
Surface CAPE
2114 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1257 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
31 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
10 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
40 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
98 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.8
0-3 km lapse rate
7.4 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

N. Platte/Lee Bi, NE (KLBF), 12:00Z

10.6 hours after it, 77 km from the path. May 24, 2024.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, N. Platte/Lee Bi, NE at 12:00Z on 2024-05-24Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -107900, lifted condensation level 1203 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, N. Platte/Lee Bi, NE at 12:00Z on 2024-05-24The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -198 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 61 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-107900 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1203 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
61 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
42 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-198 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
39 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
3.5 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Goodland radar (KGLD), 148 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 01:25 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
00:18 UTCTORNADO4 Ene GrantPerkins, NEPublic report of a tornado.
00:28 UTCTORNADO8 S PaxtonKeith, NEReport via social media.
00:29 UTCTORNADO6 Nne GraintonLincoln, NELaw enforcement reports a tornado 6 NW of Wallace.
00:54 UTCHAIL 16 Sse PaxtonKeith, NE
00:59 UTCHAIL 34 E MadridPerkins, NEReport of 3.5 inch measured hail from storm chaser.
01:05 UTCHAIL 19 Ssw GraintonPerkins, NE
01:13 UTCHAIL 0.88WallaceLincoln, NEFire Department in Wallace reporting Nickel sized hail.
01:16 UTCHAIL 12 Ne GraintonPerkins, NE
01:19 UTCHAIL 1.253 Sw WallaceLincoln, NE
01:25 UTCTORNADO10 Sse GraintonHayes, NETrained spotter reports tornado.
01:40 UTCTSTM WND DMG5 Nnw StrattonHitchcock, NECenter pivot drug roughly three feet and flipped on its side. This occurred northwest of the CR 716 and CR 351 intersection.
01:40 UTCTORNADO2 N StrattonHitchcock, NEStratton fire dept relayed report of a tornado north of town... did have another video come in on X of rotating wall cloud.
01:45 UTCTSTM WND GST 5319 Nw MaxDundy, NEMesonet station NB086 Enders 10SW.
02:03 UTCTORNADO8 S North PlatteLincoln, NETrained spotter reports tornado 2 miles south of Lake Maloney.
02:06 UTCHAIL 19 S North PlatteLincoln, NEReport of quarter size hail 3 miles south of Lake Maloney.
02:07 UTCTORNADOTrentonHitchcock, NECorrects previous tornado report from Trenton. Trees and power poles taken down. Tore the roof of a grandstand at a football field just west of town. Time estimated by radar.
02:09 UTCTSTM WND GST 603 Wnw TrentonHitchcock, NE
02:11 UTCHAIL 1.753 Wnw TrentonHitchcock, NE
02:14 UTCTORNADOTrentonHitchcock, NECorrects previous tornado report from Trenton. Trees and power poles taken down.
02:18 UTCTSTM WND DMG6 Nnw StrattonHitchcock, NETwitter picture of a flipped pivot.
02:30 UTCTORNADO3 W CulbertsonHitchcock, NEstill picture of tornado. 1/4 mile west of Perry grain. Crossed highway 6&34 and passed 200 yards south of Perry at 930 ct. large 10” tree branches broke off in the road where it crossed county road south of Perry.
02:30 UTCTORNADO3 W CulbertsonHitchcock, NEstill picture of tornado. 1/4 mile west of Perry grain. Crossed highway 6&34 and passed 200 yards south of Perry at 930 ct. large 10” tree branches broke off in the road where it crossed county road south of Perry.
02:30 UTCTORNADO3 W CulbertsonHitchcock, NEstill picture of tornado. 1/4 mile west of Perry grain. Crossed highway 6&34 and passed 200 yards south of Perry at 930 ct. large 10” tree branches broke off in the road where it crossed county road south of Perry.
02:40 UTCHAIL 1.5TrentonHitchcock, NEfacebook report of ping pong ball size hail.
03:14 UTCTORNADOTrentonHitchcock, NETrees and power poles taken down.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2024 tornado in NebraskaEvery tornado in Nebraska since 1950Warnings in force in Nebraska nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 23, 2024

26 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 233:36 PM MDTEF1Keith, NE2.0200$450,000
May 234:39 PM CDTUnratedBell, TX0.020
May 234:15 PM MDTUnratedGarden, NE0.050
May 235:27 PM CDTEF1Falls, TX2.81502$275,000
May 235:47 PM CDTEF0Falls, TX18.5400$500
May 235:12 PM MDTUnratedKeith, NE0.125
May 236:14 PM CDTEF0Falls, TX16.0300
May 236:17 PM CDTEF0Harmon, OK0.820
May 235:28 PM MDTUnratedAdams, ND0.250
May 235:29 PM MDTEF1Keith, NE5.2430$600,000
May 235:36 PM MDTEF1Keith, NE0.125$50,000
May 235:37 PM MDTEF1Keith, NE0.350$5,000
May 235:39 PM MDTEF2Keith, NE0.3200$3.5 million
May 235:44 PM MDTEF0Keith, NE0.125$20,000
May 237:04 PM CDTEF2Jackson, OK15.12,000$300,000
May 237:06 PM CDTEF1Henderson, TX4.34806$300,000
May 237:15 PM CDTEF0Robertson, TX14.9300
May 236:17 PM MDTUnratedKeith, NE6.425
May 237:25 PM CDTEF0Jackson, OK0.940$10,000
May 239:02 PM CDTEF1Hitchcock, NE0.380
May 239:30 PM CDTEF0Red Willow, NE0.428$1,000
May 2311:30 PM CDTEF1Phelps, NE1.7100$200,000
May 2311:51 PM CDTEF0Kearney, NE4.375$75,000
May 2312:00 AM CDTEF0Kearney, NE8.460$350,000
May 2312:08 AM CDTEF1Howard, NE7.095$75,000
May 2312:26 AM CDTEF1Adams, NE2.580$400,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.