Tornadoes · United States · New York · 2021

EF1 tornado, Etna to Dryden, New York, June 21, 2021

From Etna to Dryden, this EF1 tornado ran 2.8 miles across Tompkins County on June 21, 2021, touching down at 5:38 PM EDT and reaching 85 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $49,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF1
Date
June 21, 2021
Touchdown
5:38 PM EDT (21:38 UTC)
Lifted
5:49 PM EDT (21:49 UTC)
On the ground
11 minutes
Path length
2.8 miles (4.5 km)
Path width
85 yards (78 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$49,000
County
Tompkins County
Touchdown point
42.460, -76.340
Lift-off point
42.470, -76.290
Record number
2106211538-01

The damage survey

3 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS BGM, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF1. The highest wind the damage implies is 88 mph.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

A cold front collided with warm and humid conditions, which then triggered scattered thunderstorms during the afternoon across Central New York. One storm produced a weak, short-lived tornado. This tornado knocked down several trees. It also went through the yard of a residence, knocking a small shed off of its foundation as well as damaging a portion of their fence.

A tornado touched down in Yellow Barn State Forest, east of Yellow Barn Road. It continued to travel eastward and passed over Card Road. It then struck a farm on Irish Settlement Road, snapping and uprooting multiple trees. Then it continued eastward and crossed through a wooded section of Beam Hill Road. The tornado then struck the yard of a house on the west side of Route 38, causing significant tree damage to the yard, a shed to blow off its foundation, and a blow-down of a fence. The tornado then crossed Route 38 just south of Dryden, before lifting just east of the road.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down.

The county was under a severe thunderstorm watch, issued at 17:13 UTC and running to 22:48 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
17:13 UTC22:48 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WatchBGM
19:26 UTC19:57 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningBGM
20:42 UTC21:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningBGM
21:18 UTC22:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningBGM
21:59 UTC22:36 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningBGM

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Enhanced Risk, with a 0.05 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 19:54 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Buffalo Intl Airport, NY (KBUF), 12:00Z

9.6 hours before the tornado, 202 km from the path. June 21, 2021.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Buffalo Intl Airport, NY at 12:00Z on 2021-06-21Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 9 joules per kilogram, CIN -284, lifted condensation level 1192 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Buffalo Intl Airport, NY at 12:00Z on 2021-06-21The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 257 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 46 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
9 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-284 J/kg
Surface CAPE
93 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1192 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
46 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
34 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
257 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
304 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.9 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Buffalo Intl Airport, NY (KBUF), 00:00Z

2.4 hours after it, 202 km from the path. June 22, 2021.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Buffalo Intl Airport, NY at 00:00Z on 2021-06-22Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 41 joules per kilogram, CIN -37, lifted condensation level 985 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Buffalo Intl Airport, NY at 00:00Z on 2021-06-22The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -36 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 45 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
41 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-37 J/kg
Surface CAPE
134 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
985 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
45 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
15 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-36 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
88 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
5.2 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Binghamton radar (KBGM), 40 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 21:35 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
19:20 UTCTSTM WND DMGIthacaTompkins, NYCORRECTS PREVIOUS TSTM WND DMG REPORT FROM ITHACA. MULTIPLE TREES DOWN ON WIRES.
19:20 UTCTSTM WND DMGIthacaTompkins, NYMULTIPLE TREES DOWN.
19:23 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Wsw Cayuga HeightsTompkins, NYLARGE TREES DOWN IN THE PARK.
19:24 UTCHAIL 11 Wsw Cayuga HeightsTompkins, NY
19:25 UTCHAIL 11 Nne IthacaTompkins, NY
19:48 UTCTSTM WND DMGCortlandCortland, NYSEVERAL TREES DOWN. TREE AND WIRES DOWN. SUMMIT STREET, W. MAIN STREET.
19:50 UTCHAIL 0.251 Nnw HomerCortland, NY
19:56 UTCHAIL 1HomerCortland, NY
20:00 UTCTSTM WND DMGEast HomerCortland, NYMULTIPLE REPORTS OF TREES DOWN ON SEVERAL ROADS. ONE ON A HOUSE.
20:15 UTCHAIL 1DeruyterMadison, NY
20:42 UTCTSTM WND DMGMontour FallsSchuyler, NYMULTIPLE TREES AND WIRES DOWN IN VICINITY OF LEE STREET AND SOUTH STREET. ROAD IS BLOCKED.
20:55 UTCTSTM WND DMGMarcellusOnondaga, NYMULTIPLE LARGE TREES DOWN. TIME RADAR ESTIMATED.
21:03 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Sse CayugaCayuga, NYTREE UPROOTED.
21:19 UTCTSTM WND DMGIthacaTompkins, NYLARGE TREE DOWN ON WEST SENECA STREET.
21:38 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 W South DanbyTompkins, NYTREES AND WIRES DOWN ON FISHER SETTLEMENT ROAD.
21:43 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Ssw DrydenTompkins, NYSEVERAL TREES SNAPPED. ALSO TREES ON WIRES AND SEVERAL LARGE BRANCHES DOWN IN THE AREA. TIME ESTIMATED FROM RADAR.
21:48 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 S DrydenTompkins, NYA COUPLE OF TREES DOWN.
21:48 UTCTSTM WND DMGFreevilleTompkins, NYSEVERAL TREES DOWN ALONG MIDLINE ROAD. SOME WIRES. RADAR ESTIMATE.
21:49 UTCTORNADO1 Sse DrydenTompkins, NYA TORNADO TOUCHED DOWN IN YELLOW BARN STATE FOREST, EAST OF YELLOW BARN ROAD. IT THEN TRACKED EASTWARD AND STRUCK A FARM ON IRISH SETTLEMENT ROAD, SNAPPING AND UPROOTING MULTIPLE TREES. THE TORNADO THEN STRUCK THE YARD O
22:05 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 N Freetown CornersCortland, NYAPPROXIMATELY 5 TREES DOWN, ONE FELL ON GARAGE CAUSING ROOF DAMAGE. CHICKEN COOPS HEAVILY DAMAGED OR DESTROYED. TIME IS ESTIMATED BY RADAR.
22:05 UTCTSTM WND DMGHarfordCortland, NYTREES AND WIRES DOWN. ALSO IN MARATHON AND VIRGIL. TIME ESTIMATED FROM RADAR.
22:35 UTCTSTM WND DMGCincinnatusCortland, NYTREES AND WIRES DOWN. TIME ESTIMATED FROM RADAR.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2021 tornado in New YorkEvery tornado in New York since 1950Warnings in force in New York nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of June 21, 2021

3 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
June 212:07 AM EDTEF1Saint Joseph, IN1.1100$20,000
June 212:52 AM EDTEF1Steuben, IN10.0100
June 212:53 PM EDTEF0Allegheny, PA1.350

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.