Tornadoes · United States · Indiana · 2021

EF1 tornado, Jamestown to York, Indiana, June 21, 2021

From Jamestown to York, this EF1 tornado ran 10.0 miles across Steuben County on June 21, 2021, touching down at 2:52 AM EDT and reaching 100 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF1
Date
June 21, 2021
Touchdown
2:52 AM EDT (06:52 UTC)
Lifted
3:04 AM EDT (07:04 UTC)
On the ground
12 minutes
Path length
10.0 miles (16.1 km)
Path width
100 yards (91 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Steuben County
Touchdown point
41.731, -85.003
Lift-off point
41.703, -84.813
Record number
2106210052-01

The damage survey

9 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS IWX, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF1. The highest wind the damage implies is 100 mph.

  • Much of the roof torn of this building and scattered downstream for several blocks.
  • Portions of roof torn off, doors blown out and truck flipped.
  • Barn heavily damaged. Outbuilding destroyed. Numerous trees here uprooted or snapped.
  • Numerous trees snapped/uprooted.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

This was a multi-round severe weather event. The first round started around 6pm with discrete cells and a few clusters moving from Knox, IN to Hillsdale, MI until around 9pm. The second round featured additional isolated development along a boundary draped across the northern CWA 9P-1A. The third round associated with the primary cold front swept across the CWA 1AM-5AM. This is when the Fremont, IN damage occurred.||After further assessment, there appears to be lack of damage for any conclusive tornado event in Coldwater, MI. Steuben County, IN Emergency Manager performed a virtual survey of the EF-1 tornado near Fremont. Local media also helped in another virtual survey to conclude an EF-1 tornado also occurred just south of Woodland, IN in SE St. Joseph County.

A survey of damage confirmed an EF-1 tornado with path length of 10 miles, maximum width of 100 yards and estimated peak winds of 100 mph. This tornado tracked east hitting the Country Meadows golf course causing extensive tree damage and destroyed a barn just west of Fremont. The tornado then turned right, tracking through Fremont south of US127 snapping trees and damaging roofs of several structures. The tornado continued east southeast across mainly open fields, snapping trees along the way before heavily damaging another barn and destroying several outbuildings on a farm residence south of Clear Lake. The tornado continued toward the Indiana Ohio stateline before dissipating in an open field.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down.

The county was under a severe thunderstorm watch, issued at 05:03 UTC and running to 08:47 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
22:10 UTC05:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WatchIWX
03:39 UTC04:01 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningIWX
05:03 UTC08:47 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WatchIWX

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Detroit, MI (KDTX), 00:00Z

6.9 hours before the tornado, 165 km from the path. June 21, 2021.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Detroit, MI at 00:00Z on 2021-06-21Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 133 joules per kilogram, CIN -112, lifted condensation level 1501 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Detroit, MI at 00:00Z on 2021-06-21The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 52 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 41 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
133 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-112 J/kg
Surface CAPE
552 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1501 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
41 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
12 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
52 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
102 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.1
0-3 km lapse rate
6.3 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Detroit, MI (KDTX), 12:00Z

5.1 hours after it, 165 km from the path. June 21, 2021.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Detroit, MI at 12:00Z on 2021-06-21Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 13 joules per kilogram, CIN -238, lifted condensation level 807 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Detroit, MI at 12:00Z on 2021-06-21The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 218 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 59 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
13 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-238 J/kg
Surface CAPE
1 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
807 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
59 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
28 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
218 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
296 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
3.9 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Angola (ANQ), 17 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
04:55 UTC
05:15 UTC
05:35 UTC
05:55 UTC
06:15 UTC

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Northern Indiana radar (KIWX), 77 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 06:52 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
06:40 UTCTSTM WND GST 392 Nnw HoweLagrange, INMESONET STATION IN023 1.9 NW HOWE (INDOT).
06:52 UTCTORNADO3 Ne Lake JamesSteuben, INNWS STORM SURVEY CONFIRMS EF-1 TORNADO WITH PATH LENGTH OF 10.1 MILES AND MAXIMUM PATH WIDTH OF 100 YARDS. DURATION OF THE TORNADO WAS 12 MINUTES.
06:55 UTCTSTM WND DMGFremontSteuben, INDAMAGE TO ROOFS AND NUMEROUS TREES DOWNED.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2021 tornado in IndianaEvery tornado in Indiana since 1950Warnings in force in Indiana nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of June 21, 2021

3 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
June 212:07 AM EDTEF1Saint Joseph, IN1.1100$20,000
June 212:53 PM EDTEF0Allegheny, PA1.350
June 215:38 PM EDTEF1Tompkins, NY2.885$49,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.