Tornadoes · United States · Montana · 2006

F1 tornado, Cutbank, Montana, June 13, 2006

This F1 tornado ran 10.0 miles across Glacier County on June 13, 2006, touching down at 8:43 PM MDT and reaching 100 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F1
Date
June 13, 2006
Touchdown
8:43 PM MDT (02:43 UTC)
Path length
10.0 miles (16.1 km)
Path width
100 yards (91 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Glacier County
Touchdown point
48.630, -112.650
Lift-off point
48.630, -112.650
Record number
632

What the Weather Service recorded

Severe thunderstorms occurred along the Northern Rocky Mountain Front during the evening hours of the 13th. Reports include: 2 inch diameter hail at Heart Butte 10E, 1.75 inch diameter hail at Fairfield 6N, 1 inch diameter hail at Babb, .88 inch diameter hail at Browning 15SW and .75 inch diameter hail at Two Medicine.A tornado was reported by law enforcement and photgraphed by the public 15 miles west of Cut Bank. The tornado remained generally over rural areas and caused no injuries. The tornado, and associated hail, did cause structural damage to corrals, barns and out buildings. A small trailer home was also destroyed along with its contents. Several roads were blocked for a few hours as crews removed fallen trees. Overall damage estimates are unknown.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

3 minutes of warning. NWS TFX issued a tornado warning for this county at 02:40 UTC, 3 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 03:15 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
01:17 UTC02:15 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningTFX
02:09 UTC03:15 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningTFX
02:40 UTC03:15 UTCTornado WarningTFX
03:15 UTC04:15 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningTFX

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.02 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 01:02 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Great_falls, MT (KTFX), 00:00Z

2.7 hours before the tornado, 200 km from the path. June 14, 2006.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Great_falls, MT at 00:00Z on 2006-06-14Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1571 joules per kilogram, CIN -89, lifted condensation level 1492 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Great_falls, MT at 00:00Z on 2006-06-14The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -36 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 31 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1571 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-89 J/kg
Surface CAPE
2086 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1492 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
31 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
6 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-36 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
51 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
-0.0
Supercell composite
-0.1
0-3 km lapse rate
7.4 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Great_falls, MT (KTFX), 12:00Z

9.3 hours after it, 200 km from the path. June 14, 2006.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Great_falls, MT at 12:00Z on 2006-06-14Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -92778, lifted condensation level 2336 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Great_falls, MT at 12:00Z on 2006-06-14The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 37 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 38 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-92778 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
2336 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
38 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
16 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
37 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
104 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
6.5 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Great Falls radar (KTFX), 161 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 02:41 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
01:15 UTCHAIL 0.5BrowningGlacier, MT
01:37 UTCHAIL 0.8815 Sw BrowningGlacier, MTNICKEL SIZE HAIL STARTING TO COVER THE GROUND.
01:45 UTCTORNADO12 Sw Cut BankGlacier, MTPOSSIBLE TORNADO...REPORTED BY PUBLIC.
02:43 UTCTORNADO15 W Cut BankGlacier, MTNUMEROUS REPORTS OF A TORNADO WEST OF CUT BANK...AND EAST OF BROWNING.
03:00 UTCTSTM WND DMG20 Se BrowningGlacier, MTNUMEROUS TREES DOWN...HAIL 4 TO 5 INCHES DEEP. LOCATION IS NEAR OLD AGENCY.
03:20 UTCHAIL 0.75Two MedicineGlacier, MTPUBLIC REPORT OF LARGE HAIL...TRAFFIC BEING STOPPED.
03:30 UTCFUNNEL CLOUD34 Nw Cut BankGlacier, MTFUNNEL CLOUD SPOTTED JUST WEST OF PORT OF ENTRY AT DEL BONITA.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2006 tornado in MontanaEvery tornado in Montana since 1950Warnings in force in Montana nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of June 13, 2006

12 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
June 133:20 AM EDTF0Orange, FL0.120$10,000
June 134:00 AM EDTF0Duval, FL1.050
June 134:30 AM EDTF0Duval, FL0.150
June 136:00 AM EDTF0Camden, GA0.150
June 131:15 PM EDTF1Chatham, GA0.5175$500,000
June 132:30 PM EDTF0Beaufort, SC0.110
June 1312:55 PM PDTF0Harney, OR1.010
June 134:37 PM EDTF0Effingham, GA0.550$10,000
June 136:05 PM EDTF0Charleston, SC1.030$3,000
June 137:50 PM EDTF0Charleston, SC1.530$1,000
June 1312:10 AM EDTF0Charleston, SC0.2100$10,000
June 1312:34 AM EDTF0Berkeley, SC0.71501$20,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.