Tornadoes in Madison County, Missouri

1. F0 / EF040 to 72 mph on the F scale, 65 to 85 mph on the EF scale

   Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

2. F1 / EF173 to 112 mph on the F scale, 86 to 110 mph on the EF scale

   Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

3. F2 / EF2113 to 157 mph on the F scale, 111 to 135 mph on the EF scale

   Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

4. F3 / EF3158 to 206 mph on the F scale, 136 to 165 mph on the EF scale

   Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

5. F4 / EF4207 to 260 mph on the F scale, 166 to 200 mph on the EF scale

   Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

6. F5 / EF5261 to 318 mph on the F scale, over 200 mph on the EF scale

   Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

7. Unrated

   The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

Tornadoes

37

Deaths

3

Injuries

14

F4 and above

0

Worst on record

EF3, March 14, 2025

1. EF3, Reynolds, Wayne, Iron and Madison counties, MissouriMarch 14, 20253 killed, 2 injured

1. EF3, Carter, Wayne and Madison counties, MissouriMay 25, 2011EF3, 47.4 mi (76 km)
2. EF3, Reynolds, Wayne, Iron and Madison counties, MissouriMarch 14, 2025EF3, 29.9 mi (48 km)
3. EF3 Coffman tornado, MissouriOctober 24, 2021EF3, 18.8 mi (30 km)
4. F2, Reynolds, Iron and Madison counties, MissouriMarch 11, 2006F2, 35.5 mi (57 km)
5. EF2, Madison and Bollinger counties, MissouriFebruary 29, 2012EF2, 31.9 mi (51 km)
6. F2, Iron and Madison counties, MissouriApril 21, 1972F2, 26.0 mi (42 km)
7. F2, Madison, Saint Francois and Perry counties, MissouriSeptember 22, 2006F2, 25.0 mi (40 km)
8. F2, Madison County, MissouriMay 7, 1973F2, 14.6 mi (23 km)
9. F2, Madison County, MissouriApril 3, 1968F2, 12.8 mi (21 km)
10. F2, Iron and Madison counties, MissouriDecember 2, 1982F2, 12.0 mi (19 km)

Before 1950 the record is Thomas P. Grazulis’s list of significant tornadoes: those rated F2 or stronger, and weaker ones that killed somebody. 3 of them crossed Madison County, killing 698. They are not in the figures above, which are SPC's from 1950.

Significant tornadoes only

Grazulis listed tornadoes rated F2 or stronger, and weaker ones that killed somebody. Most tornadoes are weaker than F2, so the list holds a fraction of the tornadoes that happened.

The early years are thin

A tornado is on record only where somebody saw it and wrote it down. The count rises through the 1800s with settlement and newspapers, not with the weather.

Rated from accounts

Grazulis rated each tornado decades later from newspaper reports, Weather Bureau records and local histories, not from a damage survey.

The tracks are reconstructed

Tornado Archive drew each path through the places Grazulis names, most often as a straight line from the first to the last. A track can miss a town it hit, and a tornado with one named place is a point. The counties are today’s.

A separate record

SPC’s database, from 1950, counts every confirmed tornado of any strength. The two are kept apart on every page and never added together.

Warnings in force in Madison CountyThe forecast for Madison CountyThe live radar over Madison CountyEvery county in Missouri

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center. Before 1950: Thomas P. Grazulis, Significant Tornadoes 1680-1991 and Significant Tornadoes 1880-1989, as digitized by Tornado Archive (Maas and others, 2024). Public domain. Counties assigned by this site from today’s NWS county lines.