Tornadoes · United States · Minnesota · 2021
EF0 tornado, Farming to Albany, Minnesota, August 28, 2021
From Farming to Albany, this EF0 tornado ran 2.1 miles across Stearns County on August 28, 2021, touching down at 11:26 AM CDT and reaching 25 yards wide. It killed nobody.
The rating scale
Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.
EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado
Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.
EF186 to 110 mph
Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.
EF2111 to 135 mph
Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.
EF3136 to 165 mph
Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.
EF4166 to 200 mph
Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.
EF5over 200 mph
Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.
Unrated
The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.
The record
- Rating
- EF0
- Date
- August 28, 2021
- Touchdown
- 11:26 AM CDT (16:26 UTC)
- Lifted
- 11:28 AM CDT (16:28 UTC)
- On the ground
- 2 minutes
- Path length
- 2.1 miles (3.3 km)
- Path width
- 25 yards (23 m)
- Deaths
- 0
- Injuries
- 0
- County
- Stearns County
- Touchdown point
- 45.573, -94.599
- Lift-off point
- 45.576, -94.557
- Record number
- 2108281026-01
What the Weather Service recorded
Severe thunderstorms that developed across South Dakota early Saturday morning, August 28th, quickly moved into west central Minnesota and produced up to 3 diameter hail in Swift County. These storms congealed into a fast moving bow-echo that surged across parts of central Minnesota, between Willmar, St. Cloud and Mora. Several areas received very large hail, severe wind gusts and straight-line winds, and there was one tornado south of Albany. As the storms moved over east-central Minnesota, the severity of the storms lessened and only produced isolated wind damage around Milaca. The worst damaged areas were near Glenwood, Sauk Centre, and north and east of St. Cloud where numerous trees were blown down.
A storm chaser reported a brief tornado, and so a storm survey was conducted. The tornado tracked mostly across fields, but it did damage about two dozen trees, some of which were knocked over. The tornado was not always strong enough to produce corn and tree damage, but it did so occasionally along its path. The storm chaser took drone video a few days later, also revealing the tornado path.
From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.
The warnings
2 minutes of warning. NWS MPX issued a tornado warning for this county at 16:24 UTC, 2 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 17:00 UTC.
The county was under a severe thunderstorm watch, issued at 12:10 UTC and running to 17:00 UTC.
| Issued (UTC) | Expired | Product | Office |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12:10 UTC | 17:00 UTC | Severe Thunderstorm Watch | MPX |
| 15:41 UTC | 16:30 UTC | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | MPX |
| 16:20 UTC | 17:00 UTC | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | MPX |
| 16:24 UTC | 17:00 UTC | Tornado Warning | MPX |
Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.
The forecast that day
The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Enhanced Risk, with a 0.05 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 12:32 UTC.
SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.
The air that afternoon
The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.
Minneapolis, MN (KMPX), 12:00Z
4.4 hours before the tornado, 111 km from the path. August 28, 2021.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 1550 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -130 J/kg
- Surface CAPE
- 216 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 676 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 29 kt
- 0-1 km bulk shear
- 8 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 139 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 193 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 2.3
- 0-3 km lapse rate
- 3.6 K/km
Minneapolis, MN (KMPX), 00:00Z
7.6 hours after it, 111 km from the path. August 29, 2021.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 1990 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -120 J/kg
- Surface CAPE
- 2831 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 977 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 31 kt
- 0-1 km bulk shear
- 30 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 252 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 227 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 1.0
- Supercell composite
- 5.0
- 0-3 km lapse rate
- 5.3 K/km
The surface observations
Paynesville (PEX), 26 km from the path, in the two hours either side.
| Time (UTC) | Temp (°F) | Dew point (°F) | Wind | Gust (kt) | Pressure (mb) | Weather |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14:35 UTC | 69.8 | 69.8 | 110° 9 kt | 1012.2 | ||
| 14:55 UTC | 69.8 | 69.8 | 120° 9 kt | 1012.2 | BR | |
| 15:15 UTC | 71.6 | 71.6 | 130° 11 kt | 1012.2 | ||
| 15:35 UTC | 71.6 | 71.6 | 130° 12 kt | 16 | 1011.2 | |
| 15:55 UTC | 71.6 | 71.6 | 140° 9 kt | 1010.8 | ||
| 16:15 UTC | 73.4 | 71.6 | 250° 12 kt | 1014.6 | VCTS | |
| 16:35 UTC | 64.4 | 64.4 | 330° 18 kt | 32 | 1015.6 | VCTSRA |
| 16:55 UTC | 64.4 | 64.4 | 10° 13 kt | 27 | 1014.6 | -VCTSRA |
| 17:15 UTC | 64.4 | 64.4 | 10° 5 kt | 16 | 1013.9 | |
| 17:35 UTC | 66.2 | 64.4 | 50° 7 kt | 1014.2 | VCTS | |
| 17:55 UTC | 66.2 | 64.4 | 60° 9 kt | 14 | 1013.9 | VCTS |
| 18:15 UTC | 69.8 | 66.2 | 70° 7 kt | 1013.2 |
From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.
The radar
The Minneapolis radar (KMPX), 113 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 16:25 UTC.
Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track
Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.
What was reported nearby
Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.
| Time (UTC) | Report | Where | County | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15:54 UTC | HAIL 1.25 | 4 Sw Osakis | Douglas, MN | |
| 16:10 UTC | TSTM WND DMG | Sauk Centre | Stearns, MN | NUMEROUS TREES DOWN IN TOWN WITH URBAN FLOODING TIME ESTIMATED VIA RADAR. |
| 16:32 UTC | TSTM WND DMG | Avon | Stearns, MN | EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT REPORTS 10 TO 12 TREE LIMBS DOWN WITH TIME ESTIMATED BASED ON RADAR. |
| 16:40 UTC | TSTM WND DMG | Upsala | Morrison, MN | FEW TREES AND POWER LINES DOWN. |
| 16:46 UTC | HAIL 1 | 2 W Upsala | Morrison, MN | |
| 16:50 UTC | HAIL 1.5 | Sartell | Stearns, MN | PING PONG BALL SIZED HAIL WITH ESTIMATED 58 MPH WINDS. |
| 16:55 UTC | HAIL 1.25 | 1 N Sauk Rapids | Benton, MN | HAIL DAMAGED HOME SIDING. |
| 16:55 UTC | HAIL 1.5 | Sauk Rapids | Benton, MN | TIME ESTIMATED BASED ON RADAR. |
| 16:58 UTC | HAIL 2 | 1 W Royalton | Morrison, MN | |
| 17:00 UTC | HAIL 1.75 | 5 Sw Gilman | Benton, MN | PICTURE FROM SOCIAL MEDIA WITH A HALF DOLLAR AND GOLF BALL SIZED HAIL STONE WITH TIME ESTIMATED BASED ON RADAR. |
| 17:00 UTC | HAIL 2.5 | 5 Ne Sauk Rapids | Benton, MN | HAIL WAS MEASURED. IT WAS ALSO WEIGHED THE NEXT DAY AT 2.64 OUNCES. MULTIPLE VEHICLES HAD WINDOWS BROKEN AND WERE DENTED. SIDING ON HOUSES WAS ALSO DENTED. WINDOWS WERE BROKEN IN HOUSES AND OUTBUILDINGS. |
From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.
This ground now
The live radar over the trackEvery 2021 tornado in MinnesotaEvery tornado in Minnesota since 1950Warnings in force in Minnesota nowThe forecast where you are
The other tornadoes of August 28, 2021
16 more were confirmed in the United States that day.
| Date | Time | Rating | Where | Path (mi) | Width (yd) | Deaths | Injuries | Damage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| August 28 | 4:21 PM CDT | Unrated | Turner, SD | 0.5 | 40 | |||
| August 28 | 4:22 PM CDT | EF1 | Lincoln, SD | 2.3 | 150 | $200,000 | ||
| August 28 | 4:25 PM CDT | Unrated | Lincoln, SD | 0.9 | 20 | |||
| August 28 | 4:30 PM CDT | Unrated | Lincoln, SD | 1.6 | 20 | |||
| August 28 | 4:35 PM CDT | Unrated | Lincoln, SD | 1.1 | 30 | |||
| August 28 | 5:29 PM CDT | Unrated | Murray, MN | 1.2 | 40 | |||
| August 28 | 5:40 PM CDT | Unrated | Murray, MN | 1.9 | 20 | |||
| August 28 | 5:48 PM CDT | Unrated | Murray, MN | 0.6 | 20 | |||
| August 28 | 5:53 PM CDT | Unrated | Murray, MN | 2.2 | 20 | |||
| August 28 | 6:04 PM CDT | Unrated | Cottonwood, MN | 3.5 | 20 | |||
| August 28 | 6:29 PM CDT | EF0 | Brown, MN | 3.3 | 20 | |||
| August 28 | 6:29 PM CDT | EF0 | Brown, MN | 4.3 | 25 | |||
| August 28 | 6:47 PM CDT | EF0 | Brown, MN | 0.9 | 25 | |||
| August 28 | 6:52 PM CDT | Unrated | Brown, MN | 0.6 | 20 | |||
| August 28 | 8:12 PM CDT | EF0 | Waseca, MN | 0.7 | 25 | |||
| August 28 | 8:14 PM CDT | EF0 | Waseca, MN | 0.4 | 25 |
What this means
Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.
Sources
NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.