Tornadoes · United States · Michigan · 2007

EF1 tornado, Berrien Spgs Arpt, Michigan, April 26, 2007

This EF1 tornado ran 1.2 miles across Berrien County on April 26, 2007, touching down at 7:12 PM EDT and reaching 50 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $10,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF1
Date
April 26, 2007
Touchdown
7:12 PM EDT (23:12 UTC)
Lifted
7:15 PM EDT (23:15 UTC)
On the ground
3 minutes
Path length
1.2 miles (2.0 km)
Path width
50 yards (46 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$10,000
County
Berrien County
Touchdown point
41.945, -86.396
Lift-off point
41.958, -86.379
Record number
0704261712-01

What the Weather Service recorded

A warm front moving north from central Indiana produced large scale deep ascent on the north side of the front. This led to the development of thunderstorms. A severe storm crossed into Berrien county from La Porte county Indiana, producing a brief tornado.

Emergency managment and National Weather Service officials performed a storm survey in southern Berrien county. A tornado was found to have touched down near the intersection of Shawnee and Garr Roads and moved slowly northeast for just over a mile before lifting near the intersection of Lemon Creek Road and Redbud Trail. Several softwood trees were snapped off along the path with some minor damage occurring to buildings. This damage is consistent with an EF1 rating with maximum winds of 90 mph.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down. One was issued for the county at another hour that day.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 18:33 UTC and running to 00:40 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
18:33 UTC00:40 UTCTornado WatchIWX
21:10 UTC21:45 UTCTornado WarningIWX
21:45 UTC22:45 UTCTornado WarningIWX

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.02 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 20:01 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Detroit, MI (KDTX), 12:00Z

11.2 hours before the tornado, 258 km from the path. April 26, 2007.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Detroit, MI at 12:00Z on 2007-04-26Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -103817, lifted condensation level 569 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Detroit, MI at 12:00Z on 2007-04-26The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 241 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 41 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-103817 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
569 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
41 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
21 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
241 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
308 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
2.7 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Detroit, MI (KDTX), 00:00Z

0.8 hours after it, 258 km from the path. April 27, 2007.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Detroit, MI at 00:00Z on 2007-04-27Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -104, lifted condensation level 683 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Detroit, MI at 00:00Z on 2007-04-27The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 105 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 34 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-104 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
683 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
34 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
15 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
105 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
122 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.1 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Benton Harbor (BEH), 20 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
21:28 UTC62.657.2110° 8 kt1002
21:35 UTC62.655.4120° 6 kt151002
21:53 UTC625690° 6 kt1002HZ
22:17 UTC60.855.450° 3 kt1002VCTS -RA
22:34 UTC60.857.20° 0 kt1002.7TSRA BR
22:38 UTC60.857.2230° 9 kt1003+TSRA BR
22:53 UTC5553260° 6 kt1003TSRA BR
23:20 UTC53.653.60° 0 kt1002.4VCTS RA BR
23:41 UTC55.453.670° 5 kt1001.7-RA BR
23:50 UTC55.453.670° 3 kt1001.7-RA BR
23:53 UTC55540° 0 kt1001.7-RA BR
00:53 UTC5453120° 3 kt1001.7BR

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Northern Indiana radar (KIWX), 87 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 23:11 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2007 tornado in MichiganEvery tornado in Michigan since 1950Warnings in force in Michigan nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of April 26, 2007

10 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
April 262:58 PM CDTEF0Will, IL3.25$100,000
April 263:50 PM CDTEF0Cumberland, TN7.950$20,000
April 264:08 PM CDTEF1LaPorte, IN0.5100$40,000
April 264:18 PM CDTEF1LaPorte, IN0.34501$40,000
April 266:55 PM EDTEF0Brown, OH0.550$50,000
April 267:23 PM EDTEF1Adams, OH1.550$70,000
April 267:50 PM EDTEF1Fleming, KY3.6200$100,000
April 267:52 PM EDTEF1Claiborne, TN4.6757$425,000
April 268:25 PM EDTEF0Pike, OH1.030$25,000
April 267:02 PM MDTEF0Arapahoe, CO0.150

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.