Tornadoes · United States · Kentucky · 2020

EF2 tornado, Corydon to Wells Store, Kentucky, March 28, 2020

From Corydon to Wells Store, this EF2 tornado ran 16.8 miles across Henderson County on March 28, 2020, touching down at 7:58 PM CDT and reaching 500 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $500,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mphthis tornado

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF2
Date
March 28, 2020
Touchdown
7:58 PM CDT (00:58 UTC)
Lifted
8:12 PM CDT (01:12 UTC)
On the ground
14 minutes
Path length
16.8 miles (27.0 km)
Path width
500 yards (457 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$500,000
County
Henderson County
Touchdown point
37.742, -87.704
Lift-off point
37.863, -87.437
Record number
2003281858-01

The damage survey

147 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS PAH, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF2. The highest wind the damage implies is 122 mph.

  • About 20 large trees uprooted in convergent directions.
  • Storage trailer flipped over
  • Three consecutive poles snapped.
  • Wood and tin barn completely destroyed with debris scattered.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

Numerous thunderstorms formed ahead of a cold front during the late afternoon. Some supercells and bowing line segments were embedded within the large area of convection through the evening hours. A couple of tornadoes occurred in northwest Kentucky. The bowing line segments produced isolated wind damage. The atmosphere was only marginally unstable, with surface-based capes around 1000. Strong wind shear was favorable for the organized storm structures, including a few supercells.

The tornado began in Corydon, passed across the southern outskirts of Henderson, and ended a mile or so west of Spottsville. The tornado did roof, siding, and fascia damage to dozens of homes along the path. At least a dozen barns or outbuildings sustained roof or structural damage. One large barn was completely destroyed, with debris scattered hundreds of yards from its foundation. The tornado moved northeast across the intersection of the Audubon Parkway and Highway 41 on the south side of Henderson. A Kentucky state road maintenance facility at that intersection sustained damage. A salt dome was destroyed, and a radio tower was blown down. Hundreds of trees were snapped or uprooted. Peak winds were estimated near 115 mph.

The tornado began on the Kentucky side of the Ohio River, where it brought down several trees in the flooded bottomlands. The tornado spent the vast majority of its time in the Indiana county of Warrick, where it strengthened to EF-2 intensity at Newburgh.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

7 minutes of warning. NWS PAH issued a tornado warning for this county at 00:51 UTC, 7 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 01:15 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 23:35 UTC and running to 03:25 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
23:35 UTC03:25 UTCTornado WatchPAH
00:33 UTC01:15 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAH
00:51 UTC01:15 UTCTornado WarningPAH
00:58 UTC01:45 UTCTornado WarningPAH
01:31 UTC03:56 UTCFlash Flood WarningPAH
01:44 UTC02:21 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAH

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Enhanced Risk, with a 0.10 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 20:06 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Nashville Metro, TN (KBNA), 00:00Z

1.0 hours before the tornado, 205 km from the path. March 29, 2020.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Nashville Metro, TN at 00:00Z on 2020-03-29Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 251 joules per kilogram, CIN -107, lifted condensation level 1430 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Nashville Metro, TN at 00:00Z on 2020-03-29The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 132 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 71 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
251 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-107 J/kg
Surface CAPE
656 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1430 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
71 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
17 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
132 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
206 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.1
Supercell composite
1.5
0-3 km lapse rate
5.8 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Nashville Metro, TN (KBNA), 12:00Z

11.0 hours after it, 205 km from the path. March 29, 2020.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Nashville Metro, TN at 12:00Z on 2020-03-29Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -87233, lifted condensation level 1530 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Nashville Metro, TN at 12:00Z on 2020-03-29The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -56 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 94 knots.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-87233 J/kg
Surface CAPE
39 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1530 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
94 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
37 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-56 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
71 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.1 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Evansville,IN radar (KVWX), 53 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 00:59 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
00:54 UTCTSTM WND GST 622 E Breckinridge CenterUnion, KY.
00:54 UTCTSTM WND GST 622 E Breckinridge CenterUnion, KY
00:58 UTCTORNADOCorydonHenderson, KYEF-2 TORNADO BEGAN IN CORYDON, KY, PASSED THROUGH THE SOUTH SIDE OF HENDERSON, KY, AND ENDED ABOUT 1.5 MILES WEST OF SPOTTSVILE, KY. THE TORNADO DID ROOF, GARAGE, FASCIA, AND SOFFIT DAMAGE TO DOZENS OF HOMES ALONG THE DA
01:10 UTCTSTM WND GST 904 W SpottsvilleHenderson, KY
01:13 UTCTSTM WND DMGHendersonHenderson, KYGREEN RIVER REPEATER TOWER BLOWN DOWN.
01:18 UTCTORNADONewburghWarrick, IN*** 2 INJ *** FIVE HOMES LOST AT LEAST PORTIONS OF THEIR ROOF AND AT LEAST ONE ALSO LOST SOME OF ITS SECOND STORY WALLS. DOZENS OF OTHER HOMES RECEIVED MODERATE TO MAJOR DAMAGE, INCLUDING SEVERAL WITH FALLEN TREES CAUSIN
01:31 UTCHAIL 0.755 Se HebbardsvilleDaviess, KYREPORT FROM MPING: DIME (0.75 IN.).

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2020 tornado in KentuckyEvery tornado in Kentucky since 1950Warnings in force in Kentucky nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of March 28, 2020

20 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
March 281:59 PM CDTEF1Adams, IA7.5115$125,000
March 284:18 PM CDTEF1Jackson, AR5.3200$200,000
March 284:26 PM CDTEF0Marshall, IA1.375
March 284:58 PM CDTEF3Jonesboro tornado, AR12.560022$300 million
March 285:25 PM CDTEF1Greene, AR3.0100$300,000
March 285:39 PM CDTUnratedKnox, IL0.110
March 285:39 PM CDTUnratedBlack Hawk, IA2.340
March 285:49 PM CDTEF0Black Hawk, IA2.1115$75,000
March 285:55 PM CDTUnratedBlack Hawk, IA0.320
March 286:15 PM CDTEF1Buchanan, IA7.450
March 286:30 PM CDTEF1Fayette, IA3.9140$165,000
March 286:40 PM CDTEF0Fayette, IA3.650$75,000
March 287:43 PM CDTUnratedHenry, IL1.110
March 288:01 PM CDTEF1Fulton, IL2.1100$100,000
March 288:18 PM CDTEF2Henderson, KY to IN5.15752$2.0 million
March 288:20 PM CDTEF1Whiteside, IL2.220
March 288:25 PM CDTEF1Dubuque, IA3.850
March 288:35 PM CDTEF1Grant, WI6.2120$180,000
March 288:58 PM CDTEF1Peoria, IL3.350$300,000
March 289:13 PM CDTEF1Ogle, IL7.0400

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.