EF1 tornado, Elmo to Durham, Kansas, April 29, 2022

1. EF065 to 85 mph

   Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

   Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

3. EF2111 to 135 mph

   Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

4. EF3136 to 165 mph

   Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

5. EF4166 to 200 mph

   Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

6. EF5over 200 mph

   Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

7. Unrated

   The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

Rating

EF1

Date

April 29, 2022

Touchdown

7:52 PM CDT (00:52 UTC)

Lifted

8:10 PM CDT (01:10 UTC)

On the ground

18 minutes

Path length

4.2 miles (6.7 km)

Path width

50 yards (46 m)

Deaths

0

Injuries

0

Counties

Dickinson and Marion counties

Touchdown point

38.620, -97.230

Lift-off point

38.609, -97.138

Record number

2204291852-01

20 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS ICT and NWS TOP, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF1. The highest wind the damage implies is 100 mph.

• Large tree limbs broken. Boat with trailer on it was topped sideways under old outbuilding.
• Well constructed outbuilding wall blown in. Tree snapped halfway up.
• Start of Marion5. Path was 100 yards wide at house just NE of cemetery entrance.
• Few cedars snapped. Lifted shortly after this. 30 yards wide.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

Severe thunderstorms developed and moved across much of central and northeast Kansas during the late afternoon and evening of April 29th. The storms produced large hail, damaging winds and 5 confirmed tornadoes. All of the tornadoes were rated EF0 or EF1.

A powerful low pressure system approached Kansas on Friday April 29th allowing a sharp dryline to track generally along Interstate 135. Storms first developed across central and northeast Kansas near the warm front, but as the early evening hours continued, a couple of storms fired just east of Wichita. One of these storms produced a strong tornado across the east side of Andover, causing extensive damage. This tornado was eventually rated an EF-3. A total of 6 more tornadoes were produced by other storms across portions of central Kansas all the while, blowing dust was proving to be a major hindrance behind the frontal boundary.

A storm chaser took photos of a tornado that developed just west of K15 highway shortly before 8pm CDT. The tornado moved ESE over open country as it moved out of Dickinson county and into Marion county Kansas. No damage was reported with this tornado in Dickinson county although some damage was documented in northern Marion county.

A EF1 moved into Marion County from Dickenson County and traveled over open country before taking a turn to a northeasterly direction. Since we can only use two points for a tornado track, it was plotted from where damage occurred due to the odd track shape. As the tornado tracked north of Tampa a wall was blown in on a well constructed outbuilding and there were snapped trees as well.

A NWS storm survey revealed damage to structures including homes from a tornado that formed around or shortly before 8 pm CDT just to the southeast of Hope, KS. The tornado tracked to the ENE passing approximately 2 miles north of Herington KS before moving into Morris county KS. EF1 damage was noted at 2 properties including garage damage to one home.

An EF1 tornado tracked east and snapped a hardwood tree trunk. Large tree limbs were broken, and boat with trailer on it was toppled over sideways under an old outbuilding.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down. One was issued for the county at another hour that day.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 20:34 UTC and running to 02:10 UTC.

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Enhanced Risk, with a 0.10 chance of a tornado within 25 miles, in the hatched area where significant tornadoes were expected. The outlook in force was issued at 19:59 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Salina (SLN), 45 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The Topeka radar (KTWX), 93 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 00:51 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

The live radar over the trackEvery 2022 tornado in KansasEvery tornado in Kansas since 1950Warnings in force in Kansas nowThe forecast where you are

20 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.