Tornadoes · United States · Kansas · 2016

EF1 tornado, Belleville to Narka, Kansas, April 24, 2016

From Belleville to Narka, this EF1 tornado ran 12.3 miles across Republic County on April 24, 2016, touching down at 6:50 PM CDT and reaching 150 yards wide. It killed nobody and injured 2.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF1
Date
April 24, 2016
Touchdown
6:50 PM CDT (23:50 UTC)
Lifted
7:15 PM CDT (00:15 UTC)
On the ground
25 minutes
Path length
12.3 miles (19.7 km)
Path width
150 yards (137 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
2
County
Republic County
Touchdown point
39.863, -97.633
Lift-off point
39.940, -97.425
Record number
1604241750-01

The damage survey

10 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS TOP, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF1. The highest wind the damage implies is 110 mph.

  • start point approx 650p based on homeowners account
  • same property outbuilding nearly destroyed estimate EF1 on this structure
  • continuation of path cedars broken or uprooted home and barn no visible damage so EF0
  • mobile home destroyed surrounding DI support EF1 residents got warning over scanner went to cellar next door

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

A tornado was on the ground for nearly 13 miles across Republic County while winds of up to 80 mph and baseball size hail were also reported across the area during the evening hours of April 24th.

Survey revealed that the initial tornado touchdown occurred around 650pm CDT just north of Belleville. The tornado then moved northeast and produced sporadic damage in rural areas of Republic County. It did hit the small town of Munden where several homes were damaged and a mobile home was destroyed. Another farmstead was also damaged northeast of Munden. The end of the tornado occurred south of Narka where some light tree damage was documented.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down. One was issued for the county at another hour that day.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 20:06 UTC and running to 03:51 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
20:06 UTC03:51 UTCTornado WatchTOP
22:48 UTC23:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningTOP
23:30 UTC00:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningTOP
23:53 UTC00:30 UTCTornado WarningTOP

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.02 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 19:45 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Omaha, NE (KOAX), 12:00Z

11.8 hours before the tornado, 186 km from the path. April 24, 2016.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Omaha, NE at 12:00Z on 2016-04-24Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -68946, lifted condensation level 1281 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Omaha, NE at 12:00Z on 2016-04-24The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 440 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 26 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-68946 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1281 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
26 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
44 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
440 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
498 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.3 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Omaha, NE (KOAX), 00:00Z

0.2 hours after it, 186 km from the path. April 25, 2016.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Omaha, NE at 00:00Z on 2016-04-25Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1046 joules per kilogram, CIN -31, lifted condensation level 1404 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Omaha, NE at 00:00Z on 2016-04-25The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 236 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 47 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1046 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-31 J/kg
Surface CAPE
2338 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1404 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
47 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
33 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
236 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
338 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
1.2
Supercell composite
16.1
0-3 km lapse rate
7.6 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Grand Island radar (KUEX), 91 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 23:48 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
22:10 UTCHAIL 0.886 Ssw JewellJewell, KSHAIL ONGOING.
22:10 UTCHAIL 0.887 Ssw JewellJewell, KSHAIL ONGOING.
22:23 UTCHAIL 14 S JewellJewell, KSQUARTER SIZED HAIL ON HIGHWAY 14 SOUTH OF JEWELL.
22:34 UTCHAIL 1.755 E JewellJewell, KS
22:45 UTCHAIL 1.54 S FormosoJewell, KS
23:26 UTCHAIL 1.5FormosoJewell, KSHAILED IN FORMOSO FROM 616PM TO 636PM WITH PING PONG FALLING AT 626PM. MOJORITY OF HAIL WAS SMALLER THAN PING PONG.
23:50 UTCTORNADO 12 Nnw BellevilleRepublic, KS*** 2 INJ *** AN EF1 TORNADO TRACKED FOR 12.8 MILES THROUGH REPUBLIC COUNTY. THE FIRST INSTANCE OF DAMAGE WAS 2 MILES NORTH NORTHWEST OF BELLEVILLE AT APPROXIMATELY 650 PM. IT TRACKED TO THE EAST NORTHEAST THROUGH THE TO
00:02 UTCTORNADOMundenRepublic, KS*** 2 INJ *** DAMAGE TO HOMES IN THE TOWN OF MUNDEN. TWO MINOR INJURIES REPORTED.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2016 tornado in KansasEvery tornado in Kansas since 1950Warnings in force in Kansas nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of April 24, 2016

4 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
April 244:12 PM CDTEF0Ellsworth, KS3.550
April 245:19 PM CDTEF0Saline, KS2.950
April 246:03 PM CDTEF1Nuckolls, NE2.4300$4,000
April 246:29 PM CDTEF0Galveston, TX1.430$100,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.