Tornadoes · United States · Kansas · 1962

F1 tornado, Brown County, Kansas, May 31, 1962

This F1 tornado ran 0.1 miles across Brown County on May 31, 1962, touching down at 2:45 PM GMT-5 and reaching 10 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F1
Date
May 31, 1962
Touchdown
2:45 PM GMT-5 (19:45 UTC)
Path length
0.1 miles (0.2 km)
Path width
10 yards (9 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Brown County
Touchdown point
39.680, -95.430
Record number
309

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Topeka, KS (KTOP), 12:00Z

7.8 hours before the tornado, 78 km from the path. May 31, 1962.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Topeka, KS at 12:00Z on 1962-05-31Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1711 joules per kilogram, CIN -63, lifted condensation level 784 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Topeka, KS at 12:00Z on 1962-05-31The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 15 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 21 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1711 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-63 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
784 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
21 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
12 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
15 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
31 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
1.3
0-3 km lapse rate
4.1 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Topeka, KS (KTOP), 00:00Z

4.2 hours after it, 78 km from the path. June 1, 1962.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Topeka, KS at 00:00Z on 1962-06-01Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 536 joules per kilogram, CIN -42, lifted condensation level 1944 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Topeka, KS at 00:00Z on 1962-06-01The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -2 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 21 knots.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
536 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-42 J/kg
Surface CAPE
1041 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1944 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
21 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
2 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-2 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
37 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
-0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
8.1 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 1962 tornado in KansasEvery tornado in Kansas since 1950Warnings in force in Kansas nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 31, 1962

12 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 3112:45 PM GMT-4F0Accomack, VA0.110$50 to $500
May 3112:45 PM GMT-5F2Brown, KS6.913$50 to $500
May 312:30 PM GMT-5F1Doniphan, KS to MO0.110
May 312:45 PM GMT-5F0Andrew, MO0.110under $50
May 312:45 PM GMT-5F0Andrew, MO0.110under $50
May 312:45 PM GMT-5F1Brown, KS0.110
May 315:00 PM GMT-5F0Pawnee, KS0.110
May 315:00 PM GMT-5F0Pawnee, KS0.110
May 319:10 PM GMT-5F1Cottle, TX2.033
May 3110:10 PM GMT-5F0Reagan, TX0.110
May 3111:00 PM GMT-5F3Callahan, TX2.0332
May 3111:30 PM GMT-5F2Fisher, TX1.020

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.