Tornadoes · United States · Indiana · 2018

EF1 tornado, Warsaw to Pierceton, Indiana, August 6, 2018

From Warsaw to Pierceton, this EF1 tornado ran 4.0 miles across Kosciusko County on August 6, 2018, touching down at 8:27 PM EDT and reaching 50 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF1
Date
August 6, 2018
Touchdown
8:27 PM EDT (00:27 UTC)
Lifted
8:34 PM EDT (00:34 UTC)
On the ground
7 minutes
Path length
4.0 miles (6.5 km)
Path width
50 yards (46 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Kosciusko County
Touchdown point
41.245, -85.829
Lift-off point
41.240, -85.751
Record number
1808061827-01

The damage survey

6 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS IWX, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF1. The highest wind the damage implies is 93 mph.

  • several oak trees on this property snapped. Limited rot.
  • Good dozen large white pine trees sheared/topped here. Power pole snapped/road blocked from tree debris.
  • numerous large limbs and whole trees snapped here, mostly oaks. small outbuilding sustained minor loss of metal roofing. Wind speed likely closer to 85 to 90 given not all trees were snapped in the area.
  • numerous trees snapped here. detached garage sustained minor damage from fallen limbs. adjacient apple orchard was heavily damaged.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

A MCV from overnight convection in Michigan as well as a upper level wave all caused favorable conditions for thunderstorms to develop. MLCAPE of 2000 to 3000 J/KG was observed with a 40 knot speed max passing through all resulting in pockets of damaging winds. A tornado was confirmed in the Warsaw Indiana area within a larger swath of more sporadic wind damage.

An NWS survey of damage confirmed a low end EF-1 tornado touched down in Warsaw |just southeast of Pike lake and moved through a subdivision causing mainly tree damage. The tornado crossed US-30 and paralleled County Road 75 N, continuing to uprooted trees, snapping tree trunks and topping trees. Several homes and cars were impacted by tree debris. In addition several power poles were snapped. Minor |roofing and siding damage occurred to some homes as well. The tornado curved to the south slightly, eventually lifting east of North County Road 450 East. Wind speeds were estimated at around 90 mph. ||The tornado occurred along the northern edge of a broader wind damage|swath of up to 250 yards. Damage here was much more sporadic with|estimated winds of 60-65 mph.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down.

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.02 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 19:52 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Detroit, MI (KDTX), 00:00Z

0.5 hours before the tornado, 255 km from the path. August 7, 2018.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Detroit, MI at 00:00Z on 2018-08-07Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 194 joules per kilogram, CIN -68, lifted condensation level 952 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Detroit, MI at 00:00Z on 2018-08-07The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 107 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 33 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
194 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-68 J/kg
Surface CAPE
409 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
952 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
33 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
17 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
107 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
128 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.1
0-3 km lapse rate
5.3 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Detroit, MI (KDTX), 12:00Z

11.5 hours after it, 255 km from the path. August 7, 2018.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Detroit, MI at 12:00Z on 2018-08-07Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 75 joules per kilogram, CIN -67, lifted condensation level 772 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Detroit, MI at 12:00Z on 2018-08-07The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 53 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 32 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
75 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-67 J/kg
Surface CAPE
457 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
772 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
32 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
10 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
53 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
95 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
-0.0
Supercell composite
-0.1
0-3 km lapse rate
4.6 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Northern Indiana radar (KIWX), 15 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 00:24 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
00:14 UTCTSTM WND GST 582 Sw SouthwestElkhart, INMEDIUM SIZED LIMB DOWN BLOCKING HALF OF SR 119 AS WELL.
00:30 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Nne Winona LakeKosciusko, IN4-5 PINE TREES BROKEN FROM 15-20FT OFF THE GROUND. FLAG POLE WITH FLAG WAS BROKEN IN HALF. DOWN THE ROAD AN OUT BUILDING HAD ITS METAL ROOF TURNED UPWARDS. TIME ESTIMATED FROM RADAR...RELAYED VIA PHONE.
00:40 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Sse Ridinger LakeWhitley, INSEVERAL DOWNED TREES NEAR DENISTON NATURE PRESERVE. TIME ESTIMATED FROM RADAR.
01:05 UTCTSTM WND DMGColumbia CityWhitley, INLARGE TREE FELL ON A HOUSE AND TOOK DOWN POWER LINES. TIME ESTIMATED FROM RADAR.
01:52 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Ne Waterford MillsElkhart, INTREE SPLIT AND FELL.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2018 tornado in IndianaEvery tornado in Indiana since 1950Warnings in force in Indiana nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of August 6, 2018

2 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
August 67:12 PM EDTEF0Sanilac, MI0.225
August 67:43 PM CDTEF1York, NE1.6125$25,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.