EF1 tornado, Mt Vernon to Idlewood, Illinois, March 14, 2024

1. EF065 to 85 mph

   Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

   Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

3. EF2111 to 135 mph

   Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

4. EF3136 to 165 mph

   Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

5. EF4166 to 200 mph

   Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

6. EF5over 200 mph

   Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

7. Unrated

   The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

Rating

EF1

Date

March 14, 2024

Touchdown

7:32 PM CDT (00:32 UTC)

Lifted

7:33 PM CDT (00:33 UTC)

On the ground

1 minutes

Path length

0.5 miles (0.8 km)

Path width

150 yards (137 m)

Deaths

0

Injuries

0

Property damage

$700,000

County

Jefferson County

Touchdown point

38.344, -88.918

Lift-off point

38.352, -88.915

Record number

2403141832-01

8 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS PAH, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF1. The highest wind the damage implies is 90 mph.

• Two metal building systems housing public transit buses had roof, bay doors, and exterior walls removed. 6 of the 14 buses inside were totaled. Roof decking and other building material were strewn in a narrow convergent path to the northeast. Other damage and insulation was wrapped around adjacent power poles and facilities. Some damage was thrown to the east.
• Several trees uprooted to the south of the Bus Garage.
• Home had damage to fascia and removal of large portion of shingles. Trees were twisted in the back yard in an anticyclonic fashion. Likely downburst from near the Bus Garage that moved westward with anticyclonic curvature.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

A cold front, which stretched from Oklahoma to Central Illinois over to Northern Ohio, progressed slowly through the Quad State region, with an MCS moving through during the evening hours. An early afternoon SGF sounding placed MLCAPE at around 2000 J/kg. Deep layer shear was 50-55 kts with 0-1 km shear of 30 kts with 200 m2/s2 SRH. In Southern Illinois, there were two lines that developed. The southern line had a more SW to NE orientation further south and was weaker than portions further south in SE Missouri and far W Kentucky. The northern line had a more west to east orientation near the I-64 corridor and was much more active. Jefferson County in particular had severe damaging wind reports, large hail, and a brief EF-1 tornado north of Mount Vernon which did significant damage to a bus depot and several of the buses inside. A microburst developed just east of that tornado, scattering debris from a metal building system. A second EF-1 tornado occurred in Wayne County northeast of Fairfield, snapping many pine trees, and causing a mobile home to lean over. Additional wind damage reports were received along the I-64 corridor.

A cell merger led to a brief tornado along IL Hwy 37. Two metal buildings had much of their roofs removed, bay doors blown out, and large portions of walls removed. Several buses inside sustained significant damage from debris with 6 out of 14 buses totaled. Building material was pulverized and embedded in the ground and adjacent walls downstream of the start of the damage with other debris wrapped around nearby trees, fences, and powerlines. A nearby metal building sustained roof damage. Trees were uprooted and snapped near the start and end of the path. Peak winds were estimated near 90 mph.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down. One was issued for the county at another hour that day.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 18:39 UTC and running to 02:00 UTC.

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.05 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 19:37 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Mount Vernon (MVN), 6 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The Evansville,IN radar (KVWX), 104 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 00:33 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

The live radar over the trackEvery 2024 tornado in IllinoisEvery tornado in Illinois since 1950Warnings in force in Illinois nowThe forecast where you are

24 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.